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What we call "light" is actually just a tiny fraction of the broad range of radiation on the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. The entire span stretches from very-low-energy radio waves through microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X rays, and finally to very-high-energy gamma rays.

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national institutes of health (government agency)

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X-rays were one of the first forms of biomedical imaging and NIBIB's 60 Seconds of Science explain how they create those images of bones we all know well. Music by longzijun 'Chillvolution.' For more information on X-rays: http://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/x-rays For NIBIB's Copyright Policy: http://www.nibib.nih.gov/policies#copyright

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Excerpt from the TV documentary series "The Universe".

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A remote control utilizes light waves just past the visible spectrum of light—infrared light waves—to change channels on your television. This district of the spectrum is isolated into near, mid, and far-infrared. The region from 8 to 15 microns (µm) is referred to by Earth researchers as thermal infrared since these wavelengths are best to study the longwave thermal energy radiating from our planet. In 1800, William Herschel led a trial measuring the difference in temperature between the colors in the visible spectrum. He set thermometers inside of every shade of the visible spectrum. The outcomes demonstrated an even warmer temperature from blue to red. When he saw a much hotter temperature estimation just past the red end of the visible spectrum. The most widely recognized utilization of infrared in regular life is remote controls. Thermal imaging cameras use infrared to take a look at human body heat discharges, both for medicinal purposes and in night-vision cameras. Infrared astronomy has helped us make significant strides in our understanding of the universe. Astronomers look at an area of the sky that is dark in the visual part of the electromagnetic spectrum but find the area is extremely active in the infrared.

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Probably the most widely recognized samples of mechanical waves are water waves, sound waves, and seismic waves.

There are three types of mechanical waves: transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves.

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Gamma rays have the smallest wavelengths and the most energy of any wave in the electromagnetic spectrum. They are produced by the hottest and most energetic objects in the universe, such as neutron stars and pulsars, supernova explosions, and regions around black holes. On Earth, gamma waves are generated by nuclear explosions, lightning, and activity of radioactive decay. Gamma rays cannot be captured and reflected by mirrors. Gamma-ray wavelengths are so short that they can pass though the space within the atoms of a detector. Gamma ray detectors usually contain densely packed crystal blocks. It is used in the field of medicine, used by engineers to looks for cracks in pipes and aircraft parts, and also used in atomic bombs

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X-rays have much higher energy and much shorter wavelengths than UV light, and scientist usually refer to X-rays in terms of their energy rather than their wavelength. X-rays were first observed and documented in 1895 by Getman scientist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. He discovered that firing streams of X-rays though arms and hands created detailed images of the bones inside. When you get an X-Ray taken, X-ray sensitive film is put on one sided your body, and
x-rays are shot though you. Because bones are dense and absorb more x-rays than skin does, shadows of the bones are left on the x-ray film while the skin appears transparent.
The main use of X-rays is in medicine,but they can be used to check baggage at the airport, and many other important uses

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Ultraviolet (UV) light has smaller wavelengths than visible light. Although UV waves are invisible to the human eye, some insects, such as bumblebees, can see them. The Sun is a source of the complete spectrum of ultraviolet radiation, which is usually subdivided into UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C. These are the classifications most often used in Earth sciences. UV-C are the most harmful and are almost completely absorbed by our atmosphere. UV-B rays are the harmful rays that cause sunburn. Exposure to these rays increases the likelihood of DNA and other cellular damage in living organisms. Luckily, about 95 percent UV-B Rays are absorbed by ozone in the Earth's atmosphere. UV lights can be used in sunbeds, bug zappers, and in astronomy.

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You might be familiar with microwave images as they are utilized on television climate news and you can even utilize microwaves to cook your food. Microwave ovens work by utilizing microwave around 12 centimeters as a part of length to force water and fat particles in food to rotate. The cooperation of these particles experiencing forced rotation makes heat, and the food is cooked. Microwaves are a part or "band" found at the higher frequency end of the radio spectrum, yet they are normally recognized from radio waves because of the technologies used to access them. These Microwaves are used to see the weather and microwaves are used in microwaves to cook and heat our food daily.

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Radio waves have the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum. They go from the length of a football to bigger than our planet. Heinrich Hertz proved the presence of radio waves in the late 1880s. He used a spark gap joined to an induction coil and a different spark gap on an accepting receiving antenna. At the point when waves made by the sparks of the coil transmitter were picked up by the receiving antenna, sparks would bounce its gap also. Hertz showed in his investigations that these signs had every one of the properties of electromagnetic waves. You can tune a radio to a particular wavelength or frequency and listen to your most loved music. The radio "receives" these electromagnetic radio waves and changes over them to mechanical vibrations in the speaker to make the sound waves you can listen. Radio telescopes can also be made with these waves.

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Electromagnetic waves contrast from mechanical waves in that they don't require a medium to propagate. This implies electromagnetic waves can travel through air and strong materials, as well as through the vacuum of space. In the 1860's and 1870's, a Scottish researcher named James Clerk Maxwell added to an experimental hypothesis to clarify electromagnetic waves. He saw that electrical fields and magnetic fields can couple together to shape electromagnetic waves. He summarized this relationship in the middle of electricity and magnetism into what are presently referred to as "Maxwell's Equations." The terms light, electromagnetic waves, and radiation all refer to the same physical wonder: electromagnetic energy. This energy can be described by frequency, wavelength, or energy. An electromagnetic wave can likewise be described in terms of its energy in units of measure called electron volts (eV). An electron volt is the measure of kinetic energy expected to move an electron through one volt potential.

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A mechanical wave is a wave that is a wavering of matter, and in this way exchanges vitality through a medium. While waves can move over long separations, the development of the medium of transmission the material is restricted. In this way, swaying material does not move a long way from its underlying harmony position. Mechanical waves transport vitality. This vitality proliferates in the same bearing as the wave. Any sort of wave, mechanical or electromagnetic, has a specific vitality. Mechanical waves can be created just in media which have versatility and dormancy.

A mechanical wave requires an initial energy input. Once this initial energy is included, the wave goes through the medium until all its energy is exchanged. Interestingly, electromagnetic waves require no medium, yet can at present go through one.

One vital property of mechanical waves is that their amplitudes are measured in a surprising way, displacement divided by, decreased wavelength. When this gets comparable to unity, significant nonlinear effects such as harmonic generation may occur, and, if large enough, may result in chaotic effects. For example, waves on the surface of a body of water break when this dimensionless amplitude exceeds 1, resulting in a foam on the surface and turbulent mixing.