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it is suggested that there are many different environmental influences that shape intelligence and they fall into biological influences, which act on the physical body and sociocultural influences, which influence the shape of the mind and behaviour of an individual.
the biological factors influences include nutrition and stress. nutrition has been shown to affect intelligence, for example, malnutrition throughout early development can disrupt cognitive development. stress can affect the development of intelligence, this is due to exposure to violence during childhood which results to lower school grades and lower IQ. a study concluded that exposure to violence or a trauma related distress can decrease a child's IQ and reading achievement. so linking this back to Whitney shows that she must not have experienced much distress as a child and grew up healthy.
the sociocultural influences suggests that the family unit is one of the most basic influences of a child's development. for example the amount of books a child has and reads at home has been shown to positively correlate with intelligence, this could be due to the environmental impact of having parents who read to their children. the child's position during birth has also been suggested to influence intelligence - first born have been found to score a higher IQ in some studies. it is also suggested that individuals are shaped around their peer group and that people perform to a level that their peers are on regardless of their own aptitude - for example is someone is in a group of highly intelligent people then they will reflect this in the IQ score, however if someone is part of a unintelligent group they will perform worse. the access individuals have to education and training is a final influence of intelligence.

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How can nurture affect IQ?

Intelligence can be influenced by a person’s environment, recent studies have shown that intelligence is a product of nurture. It has also been found that children who are raised in wealthier and more educated households grow up smarter than those brought up in poorer homes. There is strong evidence that educated parents do something with their child that makes them smarter and this is not a result of genetic factors.

Studies have also found that educated parents are more likely to talk at the dinner table, take their children to museums and read stories to them at night, all of which are activities and experiences to help boost a child’s intelligence. Professor of psychiatry Kenneth Kendler said ‘We are not denying cognitive ability has important genetic components but it’s a naïve idea to say its only genes.’

http://journalistsresource.org/studies/society/education/nature-nurture-intellectual-development-children

It doesn’t have a holistic approach it just looks at the environment. A holistic view means that we are interested in engaging and developing the whole person, considering the different levels, physical, emotional, mental and spiritual.

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Recent studies looking at the nature debate...

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Recent studies looking at the nature debate...

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Furthermore, according to recent studies over 60% of a child’s intelligence is passed down from the parents than we initially thought says scientists. A study involving 6,653 pairs of twins suggested that, intelligence is a product of nature rather than nurture. The research reviewed educational achievement of identical and non-identical twins who are 5O per cent genetically similar to, enable them to identify the degree to which traits are influenced by the environment or are inherited. They found their scores in GCSEs were 62 per cent heritable while, individual traits accounted for between 35 and 38 per cent. This suggests that genetics has a highly profound influence on intelligence than many other factors.

http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/technology-science/science/nature-beats-nurture-more-60-4391333

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Francis Galton was the first to use twin studies to collect evidence for this hypothesis to explain intelligence and many other researchers continuing to use this same technique. These studies involved sets of twins, both identical and fraternal twins, which are used to correlate IQ. He had reared twins apart and  found that, regardless of the environment/ socioeconomic class they were brought up in. Both of the twins had similar IQ levels to one another. Therefore, this supports the nature debate the intelligence is solely reliant on an individuals genetics. It has been seen that monozygotic twins reared apart still have a higher correlation of IQ than dizygotic twins reared together(Burton, Weston, Kowalski, 2012). If genetics did not play a part in intelligence then dizygotic twins reared together would resemble each other strikingly close regardless of their only 50in genetic relatedness.
http://quickpsychology.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/nature-vs-nurture-in-regard-to.html

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According to the Nurture Debate, it would suggest that Whitney Houston's high intelligence levels was influenced by the environment around her and it was something she learnt as she grew up, not inherited. there is evidence to support this, from a study conducted by The Pennsylvania State University researched that individuals who have a high IQ might reflect an extended period of high environmental sensitivity. this was tested by examining the timing of changes in the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on IQ. the results were found that individuals with a high IQ show high environmental influences on IQ into Adolescence. this study was conducted with a sample of 11,000 twin pairs with biological siblings and adoptive siblings.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/244482705_The_Nature_and_Nurture_of_High_IQ_An_Extended_Sensitive_Period_for_Intellectual_Development

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According to the nature debate, they would state that Whitney Houston intelligence levels is highly influenced by her genetics and that she is born with (inherits it/ innate).  This is evident as there have been many studies involving twins (monozygotic and dizygotic).

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The nurture side of the debate suggests that it is the environment that has an impact and influences our development and learning throughout our lives. when looking at Whitney Houston's high IQ the nurture debate would argue that her high intelligence has been a result of the environment around her, for example, her parents ensuring that all of her work was completed and to a high standard, as well as paying for private tutors. all of these factors could have helped to give her such a high IQ.

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One of the main limitations faced with the nature approach is that it is over simplistic. There is still evidence out there which will support that Whitney Houston's high intelligence was due to her upbringing and school (environmental factors). Although there is evidence supporting that it could have been inherited from her parents there is still a possibility that her environment contributed to her high IQ.
Another limitation of the nature approach is that it is hard to prove that Whitney's high IQ was purely caused by the genes she has inherited from each of her parents. If Whitney grew up in a different area, went to a different school or was surrounded by a different group of friends this could have all had an influence on her level on intelligence through her development.
Lastly, another limitation of the nature side of the debate is that this approach is deterministic. The term deterministic is used to described this approach as all things in life are determined by scientific studies and evidence. Although there is a vast amount of scientific evidence out there to support the nature side of the debate, it is hard to say that Whitney's IQ would have been purely down to her inherited genes. Other factors such as emotions and our surroundings are not taken into consideration by the nature approach and therefore this limits the credibility of the argument.

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The nature/nurture debate is an argument that the characteristics and traits that we have are either innate or learned. The nature side of the debate argues that any characteristics, traits and achievements we have made through life are determined by our genes inherited from our parents. When looking at Whitney Houston's high IQ the nature debate would argue this intelligence was inherited from her mother and father.