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What Are Participles? A participle is a word formed from a verb which can be used as an adjective. See the definition of Participles in Grammar Monster's list of grammar terms and definitions.

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An infinitive is formed from a verb but doesn't act as a verb.

It acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb, and it is actually made up of two words: to + verb. These two words act together as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Words that are formed from verbs but don't act as verbs are called verbals. There are two other types of verbals: gerunds and participles.

Sometimes, identifying these guys in sentences can be tricky because the word to is omitted. That's not very nice, is it?

When this happens, we call them bare infinitives.

Here are some examples. I'll underline the special verbs so that you can see where they are. The bare infinitives are in bold.

When Margo slammed the door, she made the painting fall.

These are made up of an infinitive and the words that modify and complement it.

Modifiers & Complements

Do you remember what these act as? NOUNS, ADJECTIVES, and ADVERBS right?

Let's look at one of the examples from above.

The whole phrase together is acting as a noun (the direct object of love), but you may have noticed that in lakes is an adverbial prepositional phrase. It is telling us where you like to swim.

Does that means that an adverb ( in lakes) is modifying a noun ( to swim)?

Yes! Since these guys are formed from verbs, they maintain some attributes of verbs even though they act as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs.

Even if it is acting as a noun, its "verbness" allows it to take adverbial modifiers just like other verbs. (But it can still take adjectival modifiers just like other nouns.)

They can even take complements (like direct objects), just like verbs can.

Basic Sentence Diagramming

Place the word to on an angled line, and write the verb on a horizontal line coming off the angled line.

With a forked line, connect this to the rest of the sentence wherever it should go. (These guys can be nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.)

After that, you can add any complements or modifiers.

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An infinitive is formed from a verb but doesn't act as a verb. It acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb, and it is actually made up of two words: to + verb . These two words act together as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

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Choose a category and find the verbal or verb in each sentence. If you choose "Gerunds," you will type in the gerund found in that sentence. If you choose "linking verbs," you will type in the linking verb found in the sentence.

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Verbals and Verbs Jeopardy: Gerunds, Infinitves, Participles, Linking Verbs, and Main Verbs

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Choose a category and find the verbal or verb in each sentence. If you choose "Gerunds," you will type in the gerund found in that sentence. If you choose "linking verbs," you will type in the linking verb found in the sentence.

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Choose the appropriate verb form: infinitive or gerund.

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The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. The gerund always has the same function as a noun (although it looks like a verb). Some uses of the gerund are covered on this page.