# data[].attributes.headline
Punk era[edit]Westwood was one of the architects of the punk fashion phenomenon of the 1970s, saying "I was messianic about punk, seeing if one could put a spoke in the system in some way".[7] The "punk style" included BDSM fashion, bondage gear, safety pins, razor blades, bicycle or lavatory chains on clothing and spiked dog collars for jewellery, as well as outrageous make-up and hair. Essential design elements include the adoption of traditional elements of Scottish design such as tartan fabric. Among the more unusual elements of her style is the use of historical 17th- and 18th-century cloth-cutting principles, and reinterpreting these in, for instance, radical cutting lines to men's trousers. Use of these traditional elements make the overall effect of her designs more "shocking".[citation needed]http://www.independent.co.uk/

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Punk era[edit]Westwood was one of the architects of the punk fashion phenomenon of the 1970s, saying "I was messianic about punk, seeing if one could put a spoke in the system in some way".[7] The "punk style" included BDSM fashion, bondage gear, safety pins, razor blades, bicycle or lavatory chains on clothing and spiked dog collars for jewellery, as well as outrageous make-up and hair. Essential design elements include the adoption of traditional elements of Scottish design such as tartan fabric. Among the more unusual elements of her style is the use of historical 17th- and 18th-century cloth-cutting principles, and reinterpreting these in, for instance, radical cutting lines to men's trousers. Use of these traditional elements make the overall effect of her designs more "shocking".[citation needed]http://www.independent.co.uk/

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Dame Vivienne Isabel Westwood DBE RDI (née Swire; born 8 April 1941) is a British fashion designer and businesswoman, largely responsible for bringing modern punk and new wave fashions into the mainstream.[1]

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Dame Vivienne Isabel Westwood DBE RDI (née Swire; born 8 April 1941) is a British fashion designer and businesswoman, largely responsible for bringing modern punk and new wave fashions into the mainstream.[1]

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During the early 1980s, political affiliations grew in significance and split the subculture, distancing the far rightand far left strands, although many skins describe themselves as apolitical. Highly regionalised and excluded by society's moral norms, skinheads were tainted in the mid 1980s by tabloid hysteria of a fringe and violent far-right elements representing extreme nationalism.[3] According to Shane Meadows, "It's unfortunate that the racist elements have become such a by-word for skinhead culture. The media has played its part in this, but by the same token it's clear the fascist element has always been fairly vocal in skinhead culture. The sad bit is that the more enlightened, anti-fascist aspects have not better promoted themselves."[4] Since the 1990s, the style has been adopted by disaffected, Neo-Nazi youths in the former East Germany, Finland, central European countries, and Russia.

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During the early 1980s, political affiliations grew in significance and split the subculture, distancing the far rightand far left strands, although many skins describe themselves as apolitical. Highly regionalised and excluded by society's moral norms, skinheads were tainted in the mid 1980s by tabloid hysteria of a fringe and violent far-right elements representing extreme nationalism.[3] According to Shane Meadows, "It's unfortunate that the racist elements have become such a by-word for skinhead culture. The media has played its part in this, but by the same token it's clear the fascist element has always been fairly vocal in skinhead culture. The sad bit is that the more enlightened, anti-fascist aspects have not better promoted themselves."[4] Since the 1990s, the style has been adopted by disaffected, Neo-Nazi youths in the former East Germany, Finland, central European countries, and Russia.

# data[].attributes.headline
During the early 1980s, political affiliations grew in significance and split the subculture, distancing the far rightand far left strands, although many skins describe themselves as apolitical. Highly regionalised and excluded by society's moral norms, skinheads were tainted in the mid 1980s by tabloid hysteria of a fringe and violent far-right elements representing extreme nationalism.[3] According to Shane Meadows, "It's unfortunate that the racist elements have become such a by-word for skinhead culture. The media has played its part in this, but by the same token it's clear the fascist element has always been fairly vocal in skinhead culture. The sad bit is that the more enlightened, anti-fascist aspects have not better promoted themselves."[4] Since the 1990s, the style has been adopted by disaffected, Neo-Nazi youths in the former East Germany, Finland, central European countries, and Russia.

# data[].attributes.subject
During the early 1980s, political affiliations grew in significance and split the subculture, distancing the far rightand far left strands, although many skins describe themselves as apolitical. Highly regionalised and excluded by society's moral norms, skinheads were tainted in the mid 1980s by tabloid hysteria of a fringe and violent far-right elements representing extreme nationalism.[3] According to Shane Meadows, "It's unfortunate that the racist elements have become such a by-word for skinhead culture. The media has played its part in this, but by the same token it's clear the fascist element has always been fairly vocal in skinhead culture. The sad bit is that the more enlightened, anti-fascist aspects have not better promoted themselves."[4] Since the 1990s, the style has been adopted by disaffected, Neo-Nazi youths in the former East Germany, Finland, central European countries, and Russia.

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Skinheads came in two waves; in the late 1960s and early 1980s. The first skins were working class youth motivated by an expression of alternative values, rejecting both 1950s austerity and conservatism and the moremiddle class or bourgeois 1960s peace and love ethos and hippie movement, and were instead drawn towards more working class outsider cultures, incorporating elements of mod fashion and black music and fashion, especially from Jamaican rude boys.[1] The second wave were often ex-punks. Both first and second generation skins were influenced by the heavy, repetitive rhythms of dub, as well as ska, rocksteady, reggae, and African-American soul music. 1980s skins were closely aligned with anarchists and anarcho-punks, first wave punk, Oi!and street punk, ska, 2 Tone ska, ska punk, dub, and hardcore punk. Contemporary skinhead fashions ranges from clean-cut 1960s mod-influenced styles to less-strict punk- and hardcore-influenced styles.[2]

# data[].attributes.subject
Skinheads came in two waves; in the late 1960s and early 1980s. The first skins were working class youth motivated by an expression of alternative values, rejecting both 1950s austerity and conservatism and the moremiddle class or bourgeois 1960s peace and love ethos and hippie movement, and were instead drawn towards more working class outsider cultures, incorporating elements of mod fashion and black music and fashion, especially from Jamaican rude boys.[1] The second wave were often ex-punks. Both first and second generation skins were influenced by the heavy, repetitive rhythms of dub, as well as ska, rocksteady, reggae, and African-American soul music. 1980s skins were closely aligned with anarchists and anarcho-punks, first wave punk, Oi!and street punk, ska, 2 Tone ska, ska punk, dub, and hardcore punk. Contemporary skinhead fashions ranges from clean-cut 1960s mod-influenced styles to less-strict punk- and hardcore-influenced styles.[2]

# data[].attributes.headline
Skinheads came in two waves; in the late 1960s and early 1980s. The first skins were working class youth motivated by an expression of alternative values, rejecting both 1950s austerity and conservatism and the moremiddle class or bourgeois 1960s peace and love ethos and hippie movement, and were instead drawn towards more working class outsider cultures, incorporating elements of mod fashion and black music and fashion, especially from Jamaican rude boys.[1] The second wave were often ex-punks. Both first and second generation skins were influenced by the heavy, repetitive rhythms of dub, as well as ska, rocksteady, reggae, and African-American soul music. 1980s skins were closely aligned with anarchists and anarcho-punks, first wave punk, Oi!and street punk, ska, 2 Tone ska, ska punk, dub, and hardcore punk. Contemporary skinhead fashions ranges from clean-cut 1960s mod-influenced styles to less-strict punk- and hardcore-influenced styles.[2]

# data[].attributes.subject
Skinheads came in two waves; in the late 1960s and early 1980s. The first skins were working class youth motivated by an expression of alternative values, rejecting both 1950s austerity and conservatism and the moremiddle class or bourgeois 1960s peace and love ethos and hippie movement, and were instead drawn towards more working class outsider cultures, incorporating elements of mod fashion and black music and fashion, especially from Jamaican rude boys.[1] The second wave were often ex-punks. Both first and second generation skins were influenced by the heavy, repetitive rhythms of dub, as well as ska, rocksteady, reggae, and African-American soul music. 1980s skins were closely aligned with anarchists and anarcho-punks, first wave punk, Oi!and street punk, ska, 2 Tone ska, ska punk, dub, and hardcore punk. Contemporary skinhead fashions ranges from clean-cut 1960s mod-influenced styles to less-strict punk- and hardcore-influenced styles.[2]

# data[].attributes.headline
Skinheads came in two waves; in the late 1960s and early 1980s. The first skins were working class youth motivated by an expression of alternative values, rejecting both 1950s austerity and conservatism and the moremiddle class or bourgeois 1960s peace and love ethos and hippie movement, and were instead drawn towards more working class outsider cultures, incorporating elements of mod fashion and black music and fashion, especially from Jamaican rude boys.[1] The second wave were often ex-punks. Both first and second generation skins were influenced by the heavy, repetitive rhythms of dub, as well as ska, rocksteady, reggae, and African-American soul music. 1980s skins were closely aligned with anarchists and anarcho-punks, first wave punk, Oi!and street punk, ska, 2 Tone ska, ska punk, dub, and hardcore punk. Contemporary skinhead fashions ranges from clean-cut 1960s mod-influenced styles to less-strict punk- and hardcore-influenced styles.[2]

# data[].attributes.subject
Skinheads came in two waves; in the late 1960s and early 1980s. The first skins were working class youth motivated by an expression of alternative values, rejecting both 1950s austerity and conservatism and the moremiddle class or bourgeois 1960s peace and love ethos and hippie movement, and were instead drawn towards more working class outsider cultures, incorporating elements of mod fashion and black music and fashion, especially from Jamaican rude boys.[1] The second wave were often ex-punks. Both first and second generation skins were influenced by the heavy, repetitive rhythms of dub, as well as ska, rocksteady, reggae, and African-American soul music. 1980s skins were closely aligned with anarchists and anarcho-punks, first wave punk, Oi!and street punk, ska, 2 Tone ska, ska punk, dub, and hardcore punk. Contemporary skinhead fashions ranges from clean-cut 1960s mod-influenced styles to less-strict punk- and hardcore-influenced styles.[2]

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Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS, FRIC (née Roberts; 13 October 1925 – 8 April 2013) was a Britishstateswoman who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and the Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was A skinhead is a member of a subculture originating among working class youths in London, England in the 1960s that soon spread to other parts of the UK. Motivated by social alienation, skins are defined by their close-cropped or shaven heads and working class clothing such as Dr Martens boots, braces (known as suspendersin American English), bleached jeans, and smart shirts. The movement began in the late 1960s and reached a peak during an early 80s revival.Margaret Thatcher ....Born on October 13, 1925, in Grantham, England, Margaret Thatcher became Britain's Conservative Party leader and in 1979 was elected prime minister, the first woman to hold the position. During her three terms, she cut social welfare programs, reduced trade union power and privatized certain industries. Thatcher resigned in 1991 due to unpopular policy and power struggles in her party. She died on April 8, 2013, at age 87.

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Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS, FRIC (née Roberts; 13 October 1925 – 8 April 2013) was a Britishstateswoman who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and the Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was A skinhead is a member of a subculture originating among working class youths in London, England in the 1960s that soon spread to other parts of the UK. Motivated by social alienation, skins are defined by their close-cropped or shaven heads and working class clothing such as Dr Martens boots, braces (known as suspendersin American English), bleached jeans, and smart shirts. The movement began in the late 1960s and reached a peak during an early 80s revival.Margaret Thatcher ....Born on October 13, 1925, in Grantham, England, Margaret Thatcher became Britain's Conservative Party leader and in 1979 was elected prime minister, the first woman to hold the position. During her three terms, she cut social welfare programs, reduced trade union power and privatized certain industries. Thatcher resigned in 1991 due to unpopular policy and power struggles in her party. She died on April 8, 2013, at age 87.

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Skinheads also evovled during the time of the Falkland War and really expresses a depressive and violent mood of social stress and internal brokenness under the brutal and cold and strong right wing regime of Maggie Thatcher and her government

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Skinheads also evovled during the time of the Falkland War and really expresses a depressive and violent mood of social stress and internal brokenness under the brutal and cold and strong right wing regime of Maggie Thatcher and her government

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They were working-class white boys, left high and dry by a society that had less and less need for a working class. Those who had still jobs – mainly in industry and manual labour – dressed for efficiency and safety, not effect. Immigration, pacifism, feminism; the forces swirling around them were bewildering and alienating. Fearful, they could choose between flight or fight....http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/the-cult-of-the-skinhead-where-are-the-buzz-cuts-now-9913703.html 

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They were working-class white boys, left high and dry by a society that had less and less need for a working class. Those who had still jobs – mainly in industry and manual labour – dressed for efficiency and safety, not effect. Immigration, pacifism, feminism; the forces swirling around them were bewildering and alienating. Fearful, they could choose between flight or fight....http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/the-cult-of-the-skinhead-where-are-the-buzz-cuts-now-9913703.html 

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What are the Different Types of Skinheads?In the beginning, there were only skinheads. With everything that happened during the 1970s though, such as the downfall and revival of skinhead culture, the National Front, new mainstream musical genres, and the stress of politics, skinheads began to create their own groups.SHARP: Stands for Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice. Starting in 1987 in New York, it's purpose was to show that being a skinhead wasn't all about racism and political extremism. It was originally a sort of organized group, but became more of an individual title that any skinhead who was against racism and political extremism could claim.RASH: Stands for Red and Anarchist Skinheads. To clarify, a redskin is a left-wing socialist or communist skinhead, and an anarchist skinhead is one who believes there is no use for government or authority. RASH was begun in 1993 due to fighting between members of the SHARPs in NYC. RASH skinheads are not racist and promote far left-wing ideas.Traditional Skinheads: Also known as tradskins, are those that identify with their original skinhead roots. They're not racist, and are not politically extreme. They pretty much call the Spirit of '69, a book published in the 1990s about the original skinhead culture, their bible. They're also called trojans.White Supremacists: Also known as Neo-Nazis, most skinheads will not even refer to them as skins and will instead use the term boneheads. They're racist and often do not even know anything about the original skinhead culture or music. They're frequently associated with the far-right.Oi!/Punk Skinheads: Skinheads that are heavily affected by the punk scene. They're usually more tattooed and dressed in a more punk-like fashion. Many of them are heavily opinionated on politics, while others couldn't care less -- it completely depends on the person. In the US, they are also sometimes called hardcore skinheads. It's not uncommon for them to be aggro or to pick fights with others.There are always other smaller groups and types of skinheads, but those are the most frequently found. It's also worth noting that out of those listed, tradskins are usually the most friendly and non-violent of them all, keeping a laid back demeanor unless provoked -- then things would get ugly.

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What are the Different Types of Skinheads?In the beginning, there were only skinheads. With everything that happened during the 1970s though, such as the downfall and revival of skinhead culture, the National Front, new mainstream musical genres, and the stress of politics, skinheads began to create their own groups.SHARP: Stands for Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice. Starting in 1987 in New York, it's purpose was to show that being a skinhead wasn't all about racism and political extremism. It was originally a sort of organized group, but became more of an individual title that any skinhead who was against racism and political extremism could claim.RASH: Stands for Red and Anarchist Skinheads. To clarify, a redskin is a left-wing socialist or communist skinhead, and an anarchist skinhead is one who believes there is no use for government or authority. RASH was begun in 1993 due to fighting between members of the SHARPs in NYC. RASH skinheads are not racist and promote far left-wing ideas.Traditional Skinheads: Also known as tradskins, are those that identify with their original skinhead roots. They're not racist, and are not politically extreme. They pretty much call the Spirit of '69, a book published in the 1990s about the original skinhead culture, their bible. They're also called trojans.White Supremacists: Also known as Neo-Nazis, most skinheads will not even refer to them as skins and will instead use the term boneheads. They're racist and often do not even know anything about the original skinhead culture or music. They're frequently associated with the far-right.Oi!/Punk Skinheads: Skinheads that are heavily affected by the punk scene. They're usually more tattooed and dressed in a more punk-like fashion. Many of them are heavily opinionated on politics, while others couldn't care less -- it completely depends on the person. In the US, they are also sometimes called hardcore skinheads. It's not uncommon for them to be aggro or to pick fights with others.There are always other smaller groups and types of skinheads, but those are the most frequently found. It's also worth noting that out of those listed, tradskins are usually the most friendly and non-violent of them all, keeping a laid back demeanor unless provoked -- then things would get ugly.

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Nick Knight was Born 1958, London .....So Grew up in London late 60's and 70's ...... His first Project was 1982 he was involved in the photo's of the 'Skin Head' era In the late 50's early 60's people had more disposible income so a lot of young people spend there money on high end fashion U.S. R&B groups, British rock bands, and even movie stars. These young people became known as mods! The Mods then split into  .......... The mods with money known as the Peacock Mods were less violent ... And the Hard Mods ....... Were more working Class with significantly less money, they opted for boots, straight legged jeans, button down shirts, and suspendersMost were not racist there was black and white skinheads and politics had no appeal to most ..... And before long the split grew bigger .... and below is the following types ...

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Nick Knight was Born 1958, London .....So Grew up in London late 60's and 70's ...... His first Project was 1982 he was involved in the photo's of the 'Skin Head' era In the late 50's early 60's people had more disposible income so a lot of young people spend there money on high end fashion U.S. R&B groups, British rock bands, and even movie stars. These young people became known as mods! The Mods then split into  .......... The mods with money known as the Peacock Mods were less violent ... And the Hard Mods ....... Were more working Class with significantly less money, they opted for boots, straight legged jeans, button down shirts, and suspendersMost were not racist there was black and white skinheads and politics had no appeal to most ..... And before long the split grew bigger .... and below is the following types ...