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The Auschwitz concentration camp complex was the largest of its kind established by the Nazi regime. It included three main camps. All three camps used prisoners for forced labour. One of them also functioned for an extended period as a killing centre. The camps were located approximately 37 miles west of Krakow. They were near the prewar German-Polish border in Upper Silesia, an area that Nazi Germany annexed in 1939 after invading and conquering Poland. The SS authorities established three main camps near the Polish city of Oswiecim: Auschwitz I in April 1940; Auschwitz II (also called Auschwitz-Birkenau) in October 1941; and Auschwitz III (also called Auschwitz-Monowitz) in October 1942. Between 1938 and 1944, Germany conquered and occupied all of Europe, from France to the Soviet Union and from Norway to Greece. At the beginning of the 1920s, the Nazi party was one of many radical political groups that gained support in Germany as a result of public dissatisfaction with the outcome of World War I. The loss of territory in the east, the limitations on the army and navy, and finally the economic crisis with its ruinous hyperinflation all served to foster a belief among the people that the situation resulted from Jews who aimed into destroying Germany and depriving the country of its status as a superpower. The majority of the Germans fed for years on nationalist propaganda. The Nazis would adopt 'The Final Solution"which planned to kill all Jews in Europe'. Major Ghettos were established in Lodz, Krakow, Warsaw, Riga and Vilna, Jews were imprisoned and subjected to overcrowding, hunger, disease and execution. In 1941 Germans began the mass murder of Jews. Mobile killing units took Jews and local communists leader to a designated area, where they were shot. As the murdering on the Jews had actual physiological effects on the Nazis, they were keen into developing a new 'humane'way of killing, this was designed for the executioners rather then the victims. Concentration camps weren't initially made as extermination. To begin with, concentration camps concreted the forced labour system among the prisoners. As Germans moved onto the policy of annihilation of Jews they would become killing centres. Extermination camps included Chelmno, Belzec and Sobibor. At Madjenek and Auschwitz the labour camps were combined as extermination camps also. At the extermination camps the prisoners were either shot or gassed soon after their arrival. To facilitate the deportations of millions of people the Germans developed a complex transportation network based in European railway systems. As the Red Army of Soviet Union approached Auschwitz in November 1944, Heinrich Himmler had the killing facilities destroyed. By this time one million people would have been exterminated at Auschwitz

My thoughts: These events in our history seem so unreal to me. For me I find it crazy that such cruel, such scary actions took place not very far in the past. The millions of people killed let alone the millions of other people impacted by this large event is hard to wrap my head around. When I think deeply into the holocaust my main thoughts and feeling are targeted towards the German Nazis. I understand the Jewish circumstances as they were forced into such a devastating environment there are only so many emotions that they can feel. Though I am unsure what the thoughts of The Nazi Soldiers who played a large part in this mass murder would be. Were they proud of their inhumane actions as they believed is was best for their country? Did they lack any pity towards the innocent victims? Would they be able to sleep at night knowing each day they served they contributed to the murder of millions

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Having arrived at a concentration camp and been unloaded from the cattle trucks, men and women were separated, children staying with their mothers. After registration, prisoners had to undress and have their hair shaved before showering. They usually had their own clothing taken away, which would be replaced by a striped uniform. This process was designed to remove any remnants of human dignity or personal identity.
Daily routines were also designed to reduce prisoners to mere numbers. After an early wake-up, daily concentration camp routines would begin with the Appell, the daily roll call. During the Appell prisoners had to stand in rows, completely still, for hours at a time, and in all weathers. Long lists of orders and instructions would be read out. The number of prisoners would be counted. Often, the kapos would announce that the total number of prisoners in a block was inaccurate, leading to a recount at the whim of the SS. After waking and before roll call, up to 2,000 prisoners at a time would have to share toilet facilities. The toilet would be a concrete or wooden board with often 100 holes for seats. No privacy and no real sanitation was provided. Prisoners would have to wash in dirty water, without soap and with no change of clothes for weeks or months on end. After eating a meagre ration of watery soup, a piece of bread and some imitation coffee, a prisoner’s day would follow with work details.

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Concentration Camps In-Depth

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https://prezi.com/8rixbhcwx5d5/the-holocaust/

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Facts about the different types of camps the Germans had implemented.

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Imagine you have just arrived at the station to be shipped off to a concentration camp. In 100 words, explain how you are feeling.

I’m unsure what my future holds at this low point in my life. I've done nobody wrong; I've lived a hard working but successful life now I am here, at this station waiting to travel on a train to hell, I am to be sent to Chelmno. I am neither scared nor angry, I’m disappointed. Disappointed my life will most likely be cut short by a foolish, pathetic German government, disappointed of my country, disappointed that I am a Jew, if I weren't my life and my family would still be with me.

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The Nazi regime used rail transport as one method to forcibly rearrange the ethnic composition of eastern Europe within the framework of World War II. In 1941, the Nazi leadership decided to implement the "Final Solution," the systematic mass murder of European Jewry. The German authorities used rail systems across the continent to transport, or deport, Jews from their homes, primarily to eastern Europe. The participants of the Warsaw conference estimated that the "Final Solution" would involve the deportation and murder of 11 million Jews, including Jewish residents of nations outside German control, such as Ireland, Sweden, Turkey, and Great Britain. A number of German government agencies were involved. The Germans attempted to disguise their intentions. They sought to portray the deportations as a "resettlement" of the Jewish population in labor camps in the "East." In reality, the "resettlement" in the "East" became a euphemism for transport to the killing centers and mass murder. German authorities generally did not give the deportees food or water for the journey, even when they had to wait for days on railroad spurs for other trains to pass. Packed in sealed freight cars and suffering from overcrowding, they endured intense heat during the summer and freezing temperatures during the winter. Aside from a bucket, there was no sanitary facility. The stench of urine and excrement added to the humiliation and suffering of the deportees. Lacking food and water, many of the deportees died before the trains reached their destinations. Armed police guards accompanied the transports; they had orders to shoot anyone who tried to escape.

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Lodz and Warsaw were both ghettos within Poland that were raided by the Germans. Lodz had a Jewish population estimated at 230,000, living throughout the city. For a ghetto of this scale, real planning was needed. Governor Übelhör created a team made up of representatives from the major policing bodies and departments. It was decided that the ghetto would be located in the northern section of Lodz where many Jews were already living. To keep non-Jews out of this area before the ghetto could be established, a warning was issued on January 17, 1940 proclaiming the area planned for the ghetto to be rampant with infectious diseases. With 230,000 people confined to a very small area that had no farmland, food quickly became a problem. Since the Nazis insisted on having the ghetto pay for its own upkeep, money was needed. The Jews would be needed by the Nazis and thus, the Nazis would make sure that the ghetto received food. Beginning on January 6, 1942, those who had received the summons for deportations (nicknamed "wedding invitations") were required for transport. Approximately one thousand people per day left on the trains. These people were taken to the Chelmno death camp and gassed by carbon monoxide in trucks. By January 19, 1942, 10,003 people had been deported. Compared to Warsaw Lodz seemed to be more civilized, German authorities seemed to care for the ghetto within Lodz compared to Warsaw. Food allotments in Warsaw were rationed by the German civilian authorities were not sufficient to sustain life whereas the Lodz food provision was slightly improved

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Poland, concentration camp, deportation. 

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Poland, concentration camp, deportation. 

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There isn't a single word that comes to mind after watching this video, they're are multiple. Disgusting the health conditions  the ghettos survivors were put through, that the Germans would allow them to get so sick that the residents were forced to die in front of their families. Sorrow that half a loaf of moldy bread seemed to be a savior for a family but this was because they were starved, it is obvious from this point they would willing eat anything. Terrifying for me discovering what happens to the body when starved from food

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Buchenwald, concentration camp, weimar, Germany 1945, World war II, prisoners

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The Wannsee Conference was a meeting of senior officials of Nazi Germany, held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee on 20 January 1942 during World War II.
The purpose of the conference was to ensure the cooperation of administrative leaders of various departments in the implementation of the final solution to the Jewish Question. The conference, called by Chief of the Reich Main Security Office (RSHA) Reinhard , was attended by representatives from several government ministries, including state secretaries from the Foreign Office, the justice, interior, and state ministries, and representatives from the Schutcstaffel (SS).  Heinrich Himmler's top deputies; SS Major General Heinrich Müller, chief of RSHA Department IV ; SS Lieutenant Colonel Adolf Eichmann, chief of the RSHA Department IV B 4 (Jewish Affairs); SS Colonel Eberhard Schöngarth, commander of the RSHA field office for the Government General in Krakow, Poland; SS Major Rudolf Lange, commander of RSHA Einsatzkommando 2, and SS Major General Otto Hofmann, the chief of SS Race and Settlement Main Office.
Representing the agencies of the State were: State Secretary Roland Freisler (Ministry of Justice); Ministerial Director Wilhelm Kritzinger (Reich Cabinet); State Secretary Alfred Meyer; Ministerial Director Georg Leibrandt (Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories); Undersecretary of State Martin Luther (Foreign Office); State Secretary Wilhelm Stuckart (Ministry of the Interior); State Secretary Erich Naumann; State Secretary Josef Bühler (Office of the Government of the Governor General-German-occupied Poland); and Ministerial Director Gerhard Klopfer (Nazi Party Chancellery).

The aims of the conference was to rid the European-Jews from most European countries and other neutral ones such as Portugal, Spain by mass-murder. This act was coded as the final-solution. Hitler had authorized the Reich Railroads to transport German, Austrian, and Czech Jews to locations in German-occupied Poland and the German-occupied Soviet Union, where German authorities would kill the overwhelming majority of them. German authorities would kill the overwhelming majority of them. Heydrich indicated that approximately 11,000,000 Jews in Europe would fall under the provisions of the "Final Solution." The Wannsee Conference was clear that is was the coordination of the policy that would physically annihilate European-Jews.

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The villa at 56–58 Am Großen Wannsee, where the Wannsee Conference was held; now a memorial and museum

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Analyses of three images from the Ghettos.

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Jewish men with the yellow star of David

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Jewish men with the yellow star of David

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The yellow Star of David used to identify Jews in Germany.

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The ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe–primarily Poland–were often closed off by walls, barbed-wire fences, or gates. Ghettos were extremely crowded and unsanitary. Starvation, chronic food and fuel shortages, and severe winter weather led to repeated outbreaks of epidemics and to a high mortality rate. Ghettoization, however, was seen as a temporary situation, and in many places the ghettos existed only for a brief time. With the implementation of the “Final Solution” in 1942, the Germans began to destroy the ghettos through deportation of the Jewish occupants to forced-labor and extermination camps.

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Jews being taken from the ghetto for forced labor by German soldiers

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The term “ghetto” originated in sixteenth-century Venice where it was used to refer to the Jewish quarter. As medieval restrictions on Jewish residence spread across Italy and beyond to central and western Europe, the word “ghetto” followed, referring to the section of the city where Jews were forced to live.

During World War II, the Nazis established more than 400 ghettos in order to isolate Jews from the non-Jewish population and from neighboring Jewish communities. The Germans regarded the establishment of ghettos as a provisional measure to control and segregate Jews. The assumption behind this separation was to stop the Jews, viewed by the Nazis as an inferior race, from mixing with and thus degrading the superior Aryan race. Nazi high officials also believed that the Jews would succumb to the unfavorable living conditions of the ghetto, including lack of food, water, and living space. Furthermore, the ghettos served as round-up centers that made it more convenient to exterminate large numbers of the Jewish population later.

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Children eating in the ghetto streets. Warsaw, Poland, in 1940

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The holocaust was the murder of six million Jews by the the Nazi Germany. While the Nazi persecution of the Jews began in 1933, the mass murder was committed during World War II. It took the Germans and their accomplices four and a half years to murder six million Jews. The murderers were not content with destroying the communities  they also traced each hidden Jew and hunted down each fugitive. The crime of being a Jew was so great, that every single one had to be put to death – the men, the women and the children. From this moment on, the Nazi regime adopted hundred of laws restricting the rights and liberties of the Jewish people. Jews were expelled from the civil service and barred from entering particular professions, stripped of their citizenship, and forbidden from marrying or even having a relationship with anyone of “German or German-related blood”. Most of the Jews of Europe were dead by 1945. A civilization that had flourished for almost 2,000 years was no more.