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-10+ million people

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- settled in Valley of Cuzco and Andes Mountains (1200)
- expanded empire -- nearly 2500 miles north to south
-mountains
-deserts
-jungles

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-believed their ruler was part god himself
-believed in multiple gods
-the Coricancha -- the "golden temple" lined with actual gold
-mummified bodies before burial and gave gifts to the dead for them to use in the afterlife
-Picture below is of the Inca god Viracocha, the first god who created the earth, sky, gods, and humans.

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-14000 miles of roads
-made tunnels and bridges
-great fortress of Sacsahuaman (pictured below)

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-the emperor/leader called the Sapa Inca
-most powerful person, everyone answered to him
-forced to pay taxes for food/supplies
-strong military
-passed laws to create official customs
-had an official language
-had an official calendar

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-agriculture -- advanced irrigation and terracing to make up for the mountain land
-roads were used for trade and communication (remains pictured below)

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-born into social classes, little to no flexibility
-Social structure
1. Sapa Inca (equivalent to emperor)
2. high priest
3. royal family (direct relatives of the Sapa Inca)
4. the inca/noble class
5. inca-by-privilege
6. curacas -- previous leaders of conquered tribes
7. other public administrators (tax collectors, etc)
8. commoners (artisans and farmers)

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-capital city: Tenochtitlan
-called themselves Mexica
-Picture shown is what the average male Aztec would've worn

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-began in Valley of Mexico (high elevation basin in Sierra Madre Mountains)
-mild climate / tropical climate
-abundance of natural resources
-good land for farming
-due to conquest, eventually the empire included most of central Mexico

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-worshiped many gods
-whenever a new tribe was added to their empire, they typically adopted their religion as well
-the sun was very important to them; they believed certain rituals and sacrifices were necessary to make the sun rise every day
-priests performed ceremonies and made sure gods were satisfied with sacrifices
-human sacrifice was a large part of their religious beliefs
-Pictured below is one of their gods that they worshiped the most, Huitzilopochtli

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-music, poetry, and sculptures honored their gods
-jewelry and featherwork separated nobles from the common class
-Picture shown is one of the statues recently uncovered in the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan.

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-had an emperor
-made up of different city-states, each controlled by a capital city
-emperor demanded a tribute (kind of like a tax) to keep themselves somewhat independent of his rule
-new emperors chosen by a group of nobles -- wasn't always a direct family line, but did stay within the family mostly
-warrior skills led to the conquest of neighboring lands
-had sacred and 365 day agricultural calendar
-had a writing system based on glyphs
-had few books telling about their civilization/way of life
-Picture shown is from one of the codices (books).

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-agriculture was a large part of their economy
-traded several goods (like gold, chocolate, jade, etc) so much that their language eventually was spoken by most of Mesoamerica

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-men could marry more than one wife, but there was typically a primary wife who took care of the household
-marriages arranged by matchmakers
-every family belonged to a clan/tribe called calpulli, which was like a small town in itself
-Social structure
1. emperor
2. rulers of the city-states
3. noble class
4. special class of aztec merchants -- held at higher class because their jobs were considered important
5. regular citizens with regular jobs
6. slaves

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https://www.classzone.com/net_explorations/U4/U4_article1.cfm

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-both flourished around the same time (between 1100-1300s)

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http://www.ducksters.com/history/aztec_maya_inca.php

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-both in south america/mexico
-mountain terrain
-conquest led to expansions

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-both were polytheistic
-priests held at high standards and spoke with Gods

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-built many structures, despite their differences in technology advancement

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-strong military
-emperors/leaders made them pay some type of tax or tribute
-had official calendars

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-relied heavily on agriculture
-were big in trade
-Pictured below is what the Inca's agriculture looked like

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-emperors came first above all
-commoners toward the bottom

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http://www.legendsandchronicles.com/ancient-civilizations/the-ancient-aztecs/aztec-economy-trade-and-currency/

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http://mayaincaaztec.com/inag.html