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1750 BC

The 1st dynasty of China

Invaded Huang He Valley

Had a lot of silt/fertile soil

Didn't yet have a wall to keep others out

Taught Nomads in the area about irrigation

Had the Yellow River which had loess

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the shang dynasty yellow river - Google Search

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1122 BC

Continued a lot of Shang culture

Called themselves "Sons of Heaven"

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Achievements

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Achievements

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Hereditary King: nobles related to King and still had to pay for land or to serve in military

Kept power with using Bronze Weapons & Chariots

Policed borders

Strong military

Silk was very important

Artisans crafted from Jade, Ivory, and Bone

Calendar

Written Language

Ceramic art w/ clay & used glaze to shine things

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Acheivements

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Acheivements

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Believed gods determined who should rule China- "Mandate of Heaven

Internal trade expanded

Copper coins = $$$

Iron was a HUGE development

china agriculture changed

peasants got more lands and grain then ever before; population grew steadily

invention of crossbow

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Zhou rulers never imposed centralized govt

zhou gave territories to royals/allies (went downhill)

internal conflict led to civil war

losing control by 800 BC - king and nobles butt heads

alot of raids

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Moved Capital often

Thought: peaceful

Truth: warriors

Tribes all around fought to keep control against the Nomads

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Too many wars= last ruler ran out of people

Forgot to guard the Northwest

Shang King lost the right to rule because he was corrupt and cruel

ended in 1122 BC

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771 BC Zhou was driven out eastward by persistent raids

Zhou survived but lacked any resemblance to former dynasty

completely faded away within 500 years as other "warring states" emerged

By 400's BC lost all power outside their cit-state

succeeded by Qin

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221 BC

most resourceful

made agriculture even bigger

Qin Shi Huangdi founded this dynasty

created first Chinese empire: standardized weights, measures, and coinage

established a uniform sstem of writing

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Acheivements

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Acheivements

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military power

unified China under a strong central government for the first time

conquered the central part of southern China

emperor divided China into military districts: ruled by governors who used stern military and civil authority

The Code of Qin, conflicting laws to uniforming laws

built Great Wall of China

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202 BC

Liu Bang, a commoner turned great general, used the name "King of Han"

centralized & expanding empire

less oppressive than Qin

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Acheivements

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Internal Peace, Expansion, Power, and Acheivements

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longest ruling emperor was Wu Di - 140 BC to 87 BC

Wu Di extended his territory into present-day Manchuria, Korea, Southeast Asia, & Central Asia

centralized service system to govern China similar to Qin

civil service system - administrated day-to-day gov't

instituted an imperial university to educate men - improved over centuries & remained relevant until early AD 1900's

began economic policy "leveling" that allowed gov't to 'level' or 'even out' yearly surplus or shortages

Wu Di fought with Nomads all the time in Central/Eastern Asia

established what is now called "Chinese Peace" throughout Asia

trade prospered w/ China's Silk Road (mainly silk, jade and other goods)

returned from Central Asia & Mediterranean with wool, gold, silver

population in China grew to ~60 mil

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luxury and inventions spread from China during Han Dynasty to Western World

maintained power for 4 centuries

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none of Wu Di's successors matched his leadership abilities

ruled China until 220 AD when last Han emperor was deposed

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very harsh

autocracy, emperor help total power

suppressed scholars who criticized the regime, maybe even executed

banned or burned books that were a threat to their new rule

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ended in 206 BC

Qin Dynasty disconnected quickly

gap between the Qin Shi Huangdi, his warriors, and the people

employed force labor for public works

in 206 BC a revolt erupted against Qin

Liu Bang rose to found the Han Dynasty