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The separation of powers allows for the government to be separated into different groups. This allows them all to focus on one job only. This also makes it so one group not to have all the power. They are separated into the Legislative, Executive and Judicial. The Legislative is in charge of making laws; the executive is in charge of enforcing the laws; the judicial decides on the punishments for those who break the law. 

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How do you cite a book? What information do you need to include and where does it go? Citation Machine citing tools can help you easily create formatted citations for your research paper.

First, find your book using the search box above. The book's author, title, or ISBN will work. If there are books with similar titles, authors, different editions, etc., you will be shown all possibilities, so you can choose the correct book. From there, the citing tools will automatically pull information on the source and help you create a citation.

Books aren't just in print. They can be electronic, too. You can find them in online databases, websites, audiobooks, and other forms of media. Citation Machine citing tools can handle those, as well.

Standard book citation:

Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. Scholastic, 2008.

Translated works in MLA format:

If the focus was on the text, rather than the actual translation, cite the source like this:

Vila-Matas, Enrique. Never Any End to Paris. Translated by Anne McLean, New Directions, 2011.

If the focus was on the translation, include the translator's name first in the citation.

McLean, Anne, translator. Never Any End to Paris. By Enrique Vila-Matas, New Directions, 2011.

Wish you had an automatic MLA citation generator to do all of the heavy lifting for you? Try out our generator, at the top of this page.

How to cite a textbook in print:

To cite a full textbook in print in MLA format, you'll need to find the following pieces of information:

Name of the author(s) or editor(s)

Title of the textbook, including any subtitles

Version of the textbook (such as a numbered edition or revised edition)

Name of the publisher

Year the textbook was published

Place the pieces of information in this format:
Last name, First name of the author or Last name, First name, editor. Title of the Textbook. Version, Publisher, Year published.
If the textbook was compiled by an editor, use this format at the beginning of the citation:
Last name, First name, editor.
Examples of how to cite a textbook in print:
Lilly, Leonard S. Braunwald's Heart Disease: Review and Assessment. 9th ed., Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

Cherny, Nathan, et al., editors. Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine. 5th ed., Oxford UP, 2015.

E-books in MLA format:
Citing an e-book (a digital book that lacks a URL and that you use software to read on a personal e-reader):
Alcott, Louisa May. Little Women. E-book ed., Barnes & Noble Classics, 2004.

In the "version" section of the citation, include "E-book ed." to specify that you used an e-book version of a printed book.

You can also use the "final supplemental" section of the citation to specify the file type of the electronic edition of the work if you know the work varies by file format.

Alcott, Louisa May. Little Women. E-book ed., Barnes & Noble Classics, 2004. EPUB.
If you're citing a book available from a website, here's an example in MLA format:
Doyle, Arthur Conan. "A Scandal in Bohemia." The Complete Sherlock Holmes, Internet Archive, archive.org/details/deysayan844_gmail_Cano/mode/2up?ref=ol&view=theater&q=119.

The website is the container, which is found in the third position of the citation, in italics.

Wish you had a second set of eyes to review your citations? Use our MLA citation generator and compare the output to yours.

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How do you cite a book? What information do you need to include and where does it go? Citation Machine citing tools can help you easily create formatted citations for your research paper. First, find your book using the search box above. The book's author, title, or ISBN will work.

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Example of a WORK CITED Page/Bibliography Page

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Example of a WORK CITED Page/Bibliography Page

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MLA Sample Works Cited Page - Purdue OWL® - Purdue University

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MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources (Web Publications)

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MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources (Web Publications)

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This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources (Web Publications)
Summary:
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8 th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.

It is always a good idea to maintain personal copies of electronic information, when possible. It is good practice to print or save web pages or, better, use a program like Adobe Acrobat to keep your own copies for future reference. Most web browsers will include URL/electronic address information when you print, which makes later reference easy. Also, you might use the Bookmark function in your web browser in order to return to documents more easily.

MLA uses the phrase, "Accessed" to denote which date you accessed the web page when available or necessary. It is not required to do so but especially encouraged when there is no copyright date listed on a website.

Important Note on the Use of URLs in MLA

Include a URL or web address to help readers locate your sources. Because web addresses are not static (i.e., they change often) and because documents sometimes appear in multiple places on the web (e.g., on multiple databases), MLA encourages the use of citing containers such as Youtube, JSTOR, Spotify, or Netflix in order to easily access and verify sources. However, MLA only requires the www. address, so eliminate all https:// when citing URLs.

Many scholarly journal articles found in databases include a DOI (digital object identifier). If a DOI is available, cite the DOI number instead of the URL.

Online newspapers and magazines sometimes include a "permalink," which is a shortened, stable version of a URL. Look for a "share" or "cite this" button to see if a source includes a permalink. If you can find a permalink, use that instead of a URL.

Abbreviations Commonly Used with Electronic Sources

If page numbers are not available, use par. or pars. to denote paragraph numbers. Use these in place of the p. or pp. abbreviation.

Basic Style for Citations of Electronic Sources (Including Online Databases)

Here are some common features you should try to find before citing electronic sources in MLA style. Not every Web page will provide all of the following information. However, collect as much of the following information as possible both for your citations and for your research notes:

Author and/or editor names (if available); last names first.

"Article name in quotation marks."

Title of the website, project, or book in italics.

Any version numbers available, including editions (ed.), revisions, posting dates, volumes (vol.), or issue numbers (no.).

Publisher information, including the publisher name and publishing date.

Take note of any page numbers (p. or pp.) or paragraph numbers (par. or pars.).

URL (without the https://) DOI or permalink.

Date you accessed the material (Date Accessed)-While not required, it is highly recommended, especially when dealing with pages that change frequently or do not have a visible copyright date.

Remember to cite containers after your regular citation. Examples of containers are collections of short stories or poems, a television series, or even a website. A container is anything that is a part of a larger body of works.

Use the following format:

Author. "Title." Title of container (self contained if book), Other contributors (translators or editors), Version (edition), Number (vol. and/or no.), Publisher, Publication Date, Location (pages, paragraphs and/or URL, DOI or permalink). 2nd container's title, Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location, Date of Access (if applicable).

Citing an Entire Web Site

It is a good idea to list your date of access because web postings are often updated, and information available on one date may no longer be available later. When using the URL, be sure to include the complete address for the site except for the https://.

Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site. Version number, Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), URL, DOI or permalink. Date of access (if applicable).

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. Accessed 23 Apr. 2008.

Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed 10 May 2006.
Course or Department Websites
Give the instructor name. Then list the title of the course (or the school catalog designation for the course) in italics. Give appropriate department and school names as well, following the course title.

Felluga, Dino. Survey of the Literature of England. Purdue U, Aug. 2006, web.ics.purdue.edu/~felluga/241/241/Home.html. Accessed 31 May 2007.

English Department. Purdue U, 20 Apr. 2009, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/.

A Page on a Web Site

For an individual page on a Web site, list the author or alias if known, followed by an indication of the specific page or article being referenced. Usually, the title of the page or article appears in a header at the top of the page. Follow this with the information covered above for entire Web sites. If the publisher is the same as the website name, only list it once.

An Image (Including a Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph)

Provide the artist's name, the work of art italicized, the date of creation, the institution and city where the work is housed. Follow this initial entry with the name of the Website in italics, and the date of access.

Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV. 1800. Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid. Museo Nacional del Prado, www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/f47898fc-aa1c-48f6-a779-71759e417e74. Accessed 22 May 2006.

Klee, Paul. Twittering Machine. 1922. Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Artchive, www.artchive.com/artchive/K/klee/twittering_machine.jpg.html. Accessed May 2006.

If the work is cited on the web only, then provide the name of the artist, the title of the work, and then follow the citation format for a website. If the work is posted via a username, use that username for the author.

Adams, Clifton R. "People Relax Beside a Swimming Pool at a Country Estate Near Phoenix, Arizona, 1928." Found, National Geographic Creative, 2 June 2016, natgeofound.tumblr.com/.

An Article in a Web Magazine

Provide the author name, article name in quotation marks, title of the web magazine in italics, publisher name, publication date, URL, and the date of access.

An Article in an Online Scholarly Journal

For all online scholarly journals, provide the author(s) name(s), the name of the article in quotation marks, the title of the publication in italics, all volume and issue numbers, and the year of publication. Include a URL, DOI, or permalink to help readers locate the source.
Article in an Online-only Scholarly Journal
MLA requires a page range for articles that appear in Scholarly Journals. If the journal you are citing appears exclusively in an online format (i.e. there is no corresponding print publication) that does not make use of page numbers, indicate the URL or other location information.

Dolby, Nadine. "Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and Future Directions." Social Work and Society: The International Online-Only Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, 2008, www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/60/362. Accessed 20 May 2009.
Article in an Online Scholarly Journal That Also Appears in Print
Cite articles in online scholarly journals that also appear in print as you would a scholarly journal in print, including the page range of the article. Provide the URL and the date of access.

An Article from an Online Database (or Other Electronic Subscription Service)

Cite online databases (e.g. LexisNexis, ProQuest, JSTOR, ScienceDirect) and other subscription services as containers. Thus, provide the title of the database italicized before the DOI or URL. If a DOI is not provided, use the URL instead. Provide the date of access if you wish.

Alonso, Alvaro, and Julio A. Camargo. "Toxicity of Nitrite to Three Species of Freshwater Invertebrates." Environmental Toxicology, vol. 21, no. 1, 3 Feb. 2006, pp. 90-94. Wiley Online Library, doi:10.1002/tox.20155.

Langhamer, Claire. "Love and Courtship in Mid-Twentieth-Century England." Historical Journal, vol. 50, no. 1, 2007, pp. 173-96. ProQuest, doi:10.1017/S0018246X06005966. Accessed 27 May 2009.

E-mail (including E-mail Interviews)

Give the author of the message, followed by the subject line in quotation marks. State to whom the message was sent with the phrase, "Received by" and the recipient's name. Include the date the message was sent. Use standard capitalization.

Kunka, Andrew. "Re: Modernist Literature." Received by John Watts, 15 Nov. 2000.

Neyhart, David. "Re: Online Tutoring." Received by Joe Barbato, 1 Dec. 2016.

A Listserv, Discussion Group, or Blog Posting

Cite web postings as you would a standard web entry. Provide the author of the work, the title of the posting in quotation marks, the web site name in italics, the publisher, and the posting date. Follow with the date of access. Include screen names as author names when author name is not known. If both names are known, place the author's name in brackets.

Editor, screen name, author, or compiler name (if available). "Posting Title." Name of Site, Version number (if available), Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), URL. Date of access.

Salmar1515 [Sal Hernandez]. "Re: Best Strategy: Fenced Pastures vs. Max Number of Rooms?" BoardGameGeek, 29 Sept. 2008, boardgamegeek.com/thread/343929/best-strategy-fenced-pastures-vs-max-number-rooms. Accessed 5 Apr. 2009.

A Tweet

Begin with the user's Twitter handle in place of the author's name. Next, place the tweet in its entirety in quotations, inserting a period after the tweet within the quotations. Include the date and time of posting, using the reader's time zone; separate the date and time with a comma and end with a period. Include the date accessed if you deem necessary.

A YouTube Video

Video and audio sources need to be documented using the same basic guidelines for citing print sources in MLA style. Include as much descriptive information as necessary to help readers understand the type and nature of the source you are citing. If the author's name is the same as the uploader, only cite the author once. If the author is different from the uploader, cite the author's name before the title.

"8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test." YouTube, uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 June 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBlpjSEtELs.

McGonigal, Jane. "Gaming and Productivity." YouTube, uploaded by Big Think, 3 July 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkdzy9bWW3E.

A Comment on a Website or Article

List the username as the author. Use the phrase, Comment on, before the title. Use quotation marks around the article title. Name the publisher, date, time (listed on near the comment), and the URL.

Not Omniscent Enough. Comment on "Flight Attendant Tells Passenger to 'Shut Up' After Argument Over Pasta." ABC News, 9 Jun 2016, 4:00 p.m., abcnews.go.com/US/flight-attendant-tells-passenger-shut-argument-pasta/story?id=39704050.

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MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources // Purdue Writing Lab

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This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice. Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission.

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Microsoft Office Creates MLA In Word Document

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Microsoft Office Creates MLA In Word Document

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Add a citation after a quote

1. On the References tab , in the Citations & Bibliography group, click the arrow next to Style.

2. Click the style that you want to use for the citation and source.

3. Click at the end of the sentence or phrase that you want to cite.

4. Click Insert Citation and then select Add New Source.

5. In the Create Source box, type in the citation details, and then click OK.

When you've completed these steps, the citation is added to the list of available citations. The next time you quote this reference, you don't have to type it all out again, just click Insert Citation and select the citation you want to use.

Important: APA and MLA can change their formats, so you'll want to ensure that these format versions meet your requirements. You can create your own updated version of a style or build custom styles. For more information see Bibliography & Citations 102 - Building Custom styles.

Create a bibliography from your sources

If you want to create a bibliography from your sources, do the following:

1. Click where you want to insert a bibliography. Typically, they are at the end of a document.

2. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click Bibliography.

Similar to the Table of Contents builder in Word, you can select a predesigned bibliography format that includes a title, or you can just click Insert Bibliography to add the citation without a title.

If you want to learn more about using citation placeholders and editing sources, take a look at Create a bibliography. Or, if you want to export your bibliography sources to another computer, check out this post on the Microsoft Word blog.

APA 6th Edition citation style fix procedure.

APA style uses the author's name and publication date. If you have multiple citations from the same author, there is a known Word bug where the citation generator fills in the publication title when it's not supposed to. If this happens to you, here's how to fix the problem:

1. In the Word document, click the citation.

2. Click the down-arrow, and then click Edit Citation.

3. Click the Title checkbox, and then click OK.

APA and MLA can change their formats, so you'll want to ensure that these format versions meet your requirements. You can create your own updated version of a style or build custom styles. For more information see Bibliography & Citations 102 - Building Custom styles.

If you are using the APA 5th Edition citation style, there's one issue you should be aware of. APA style uses the author's name and publication date. If you have multiple citations from the same author, there is a known Word 2010 bug where the citation generator fills in the publication title when it's not supposed to. If this happens to you, see the section entitled, ' APA 5th Edition citation style fix procedure below.

Add a citation after a quote

1. In your Word document, click on the References tab in the Ribbon.

2. In the Citations & Bibliography group, click the arrow next to Style.

3. Click the style that you want to use for the citation and source.

4. Click at the end of the sentence or phrase that you want to cite.

5. Click Insert Citation and then select Add New Source.

6. Type in the citation details and then click OK.

When you've completed these steps, the citation is added to the Insert Citation button, so the next time you quote this reference, you don't have to type it all out again.

Create a bibliography from your sources

If you want to create a bibliography from your sources, do the following:

1. Click where you want to insert a bibliography. Typically they are at the end of a document.

2. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click Bibliography.

Much like the Table of Contents builder in Word, you can select a predesigned bibliography format that includes a title or you can just click Insert Bibliography to add the citation without a title.

If you want to learn more about using citation placeholders and editing sources, take a look at Creating a bibliography in Word 2010 or Creating a bibliography in Word 2007. Or if you want to export your bibliography sources to another computer, check out this post on the Microsoft Word blog.

APA 5th Edition citation style fix procedure

APA style uses the author's name and publication date. If you have multiple citations from the same author, there is a known Word 2010 bug where the citation generator fills in the publication title when it's not supposed to. If this happens to you, here's how to fix the problem:

1. In the Word document, click the citation.

2. Click the down-arrow and then click Edit Citation.

3. Click the Title checkbox and then click OK.

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APA, MLA, Chicago - automatically format bibliographies

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On the References tab , in the Citations & Bibliography group, click the arrow next to Style. Click the style that you want to use for the citation and source. Click at the end of the sentence or phrase that you want to cite. Click Insert Citation and then select Add New Source.

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Copyright ©2021 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. This website collects and publishes the ideas of individuals who have contributed those ideas in their capacities as faculty-mentored student scholars. The materials collected here do not express the views of, or positions held by, Purdue University. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use. Privacy policy.

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Copyright ©2021 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. This website collects and publishes the ideas of individuals who have contributed those ideas in their capacities as faculty-mentored student scholars.

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Works Cited Page

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We are a globally renowned resource that provides assistance with English to students, teachers, professionals, and organizations across the world. Our goal is to assist clients in their development as writers - no matter their skill level.

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Purdue OWL® - Purdue OWL® - Purdue University

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We are a globally renowned resource that provides assistance with English to students, teachers, professionals, and organizations across the world. Our goal is to assist clients in their development as writers - no matter their skill level.

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With contextual analysis, word placement, and our smart algorithms, checking your writing has never been easier

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Our software pairs speed with the accuracy of DeepSearch™ technology

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We back industry-leading technology with a three-part pledge, Our Commitment to you

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Original Writing, Made Easy With Quetext

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Quetext's plagiarism checker analyzes your text to identify plagiarism, resolve other writing issues, and build citations with ease. You wouldn't want to write without it.

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Purdue OWL: MLA Formatting and Style Guide

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MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.

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We all know that when you write a research paper, you need evidence to support your arguments.

That means you throw in a few quotes to prove to your professor that you've actually used sources to help write your paper, right?

Sure, it's important to add some quotes, but too many quotes can mean that your paper turns into one long quotation from other people, leaving no room for your own words.

If your paper turns into one big quote, you're not even writing the paper. You're just copying other people's words. While that may seem like the easy way out, you won't earn a good grade by doing this.

After all, your assignment is to write a paper, not copy and paste a paper.

Instead of copying a bunch of quotes to prove that you've done your research, try paraphrasing.

When you paraphrase, you'll include information from sources in your own words, so your professors will still know you're using sources, but you won't have to quote everything.

To learn more, keep reading, as this blog post explains the do's and don'ts of paraphrasing and includes 10 examples of paraphrasing for a smarter, better essay.

What is Paraphrasing?

Contrary to what you might think, paraphrasing is not simply changing a few words.

Yes, in order to paraphrase, you will need to change words, but you just can't change the word "gathering" to "party" and call it a paraphrase.

A properly written paraphrase expresses the ideas of a source or passage in your own words and sentence structure.

Remember, you're writing a paper for your class, so you should still use formal, academic language. Don't use slang or jargon.

Isn't a Paraphrase Just Like a Summary?

No. A summary is a shortened version of a piece of writing. It is written in your own words and includes only the key points of the writing. A summary is much shorter than the original source.

A paraphrase is similar to a summary because you are rewriting the source in your own words. They key difference is that paraphrases include both key points and subpoints. Because a paraphrase includes detailed information it can sometimes be as long (if not longer) than the original source.

In either case, it's important to keep the meaning of the original source. You can't leave out words or add words to make the source fit into your paper if it changes the meaning.

Do I Have to Cite a Paraphrase?

Yes. Always. There's no question as to whether you should or shouldn't cite. Always cite a paraphrase.

When you paraphrase, you're rewriting someone else's words into your own words. You're essentially using someone else's ideas in your paper.

If you claim the information as your own (which is what you do if you don't cite a paraphrase) you're plagiarizing.

And, of course, plagiarism means you'll fail the paper and may even get kicked out of school!

How Do I Paraphrase?

First read the source carefully so you actually know what it means. You can't use it as a source if you don't understand it.

Next find the part of the source you want to paraphrase. You're not rewriting the entire source in your paper, so don't paraphrase much more than a paragraph.

Finally, and pay attention to this step because it's important, set the source aside.

Write your paraphrase without looking at the original source. This will help you write in your own words and help you resist the temptation to use the wording and sentence structure of the original source.

Need some help putting this into practice? Read the examples below to learn what you should and shouldn't do when paraphrasing.

10 Examples of Paraphrasing to Help Your Essay

Example Paraphrase 1. "Police: Man breaks into Austin meat business, naps"

Original source: "AUSTIN, Texas (AP) - Police have arrested a 28-year-old man who they say broke into an Austin business, stole a couple of sausages and fell asleep."

This paraphrase uses original wording and sentence structure, but it is plagiarized because it does not cite the original source.

This paraphrase includes a proper MLA in-text citation to give credit to the source.

Example Paraphrase 2. "Police: Man fled crash to avoid yelling girlfriend"

Original source: "VINELAND, N.J. (AP) - Police in New Jersey say a man told officers he fled the scene of an auto accident because he 'didn't want to deal with his girlfriend yelling at him.'"

The paraphrase only changes a few words. Most of the words and sentence structure are too close to the original for this to be a good paraphrase.

Example Paraphrase 3. "Plumber Caught Dancing On The Job Has All The Fly Moves"

Original source: "The video of Topen's dancing has racked up more than 400,000 views since it was posted on YouTube last week, and the plumber says he's already been approached in public for his autograph."

Incorrect: The video has racked up more than 400,000 views since posted on YouTube last week, and the plumber has even been approached for his autograph.

This paraphrase has two key problems: it doesn't cite the original source, and it copies too much of the original wording and sentence structure.

Example Paraphrase 4. "These Are Miley Cyrus' Crazy Dating Rules"

Original source: "According to Heat magazine, Miley has a list of intense rules for her men-to-be while out on dates. Apparently her assistant arranges what the guy must wear, do, and talk about on the date. She's also not into flowers, so he's banned from bringing her those."

Incorrect: According to Heat magazine, Miley Cyrus has a list of rules for her men on dates. Her assistant arranges what guys wear and what they talk about. She doesn't like flowers, either ("These Are Miley Cyrus' Crazy Dating Rules").

This isn't even a paraphrase. It just leaves out a few words. Remember, a paraphrase must provide the same information as the original and be written in your own word choice and sentence structure.

Correct: As stated in Heat magazine, Miley Cyrus has a number of bizarre rules for dating. She's so specific about what her dates wear, say, and do, that she has her assistant enforce these rules on dates. Cyrus doesn't even like flowers and won't let her dates buy them for her ("These Are Miley Cyrus' Crazy Dating Rules").

Example Paraphrase 5. "Top 12 Bizarre Pet Accidents"

Original source: "Often, a dog will chase an animal with the focus of a heat-seeking missile. But a wheelbarrow planter was not part of Belgian sheepdog Rider's focus. Rider collided with the wheelbarrow while the squirrel escaped up a cedar tree in Joyce Biethan's backyard.

"He's kind of an all-or-nothing dog and he went into 'all,'" Biethan said. "He chased after that squirrel with total disregard of what might be in front of him."

His collision left Rider with a broken scapula, a broken rib and a punctured lung.

"He was in so much pain that I think he just tried to lay low," Biethan said. "He prescribed himself bedrest."

Biethan said Rider did not need surgery and made a full recovery."

Can you guess what's missing from this paraphrase? Details!

The example does paraphrase some information, but it reads more like a summary, as it's missing key details from the story.

Correct: Like many dogs, a Belgian sheepdog named Rider became so focused on chasing down a squirrel that he paid no attention to the wheelbarrow directly in front of him. The squirrel got away, but Rider collided head on with the wheelbarrow. Rider broke his scapula, broke a rib, and also punctured a lung. Though he was likely in a lot of pain, he only needed rest. He did not have to have surgery" ( " Top 12 Bizarre Pet Accidents").

Example Paraphrase 6. "10 Crazy Reasons People Got Rejected From College"

Original source: "College admissions officers all advise against writing a college admission essay about something that an applicant learned while stoned or drunk. "But we still get a few of those essays," a college admissions officer tells me. "We even got the classic one about how the student, while stoned, realized that the solar system is an atom and the earth is an electron. You'll remember, that conversation occurred in the movie Animal House."

Incorrect: A college admissions officer told the story of a student who didn't get into college because he wrote an admission essay about the movie Animal Hous e ("10 Crazy Reasons People Got Rejected From College").

Remember what I said earlier about writing an accurate paraphrase? This is a good example.

This attempted paraphrase is about college admissions essays, but that's where the accuracy stops. Make sure to read the source carefully so you paraphrase correctly.

Correct: College admissions officers generally tell students not to write their admissions essays about a lesson they learned when being stoned or drunk; however, some students still ignore the advice. For instance, one student wrote about the conversation in Animal House, as if it were his own stoned experience, about the solar system as an atom and the earth as an election ("10 Crazy Reasons People Got Rejected From College").

Example Paraphrase 7. "Over-the-top international fast-food items"

Original source: "For some reason, cheese-topped donuts are quite popular in Indonesia, and in September 2013 KFC decided to get in on the action, offering a glazed donut topped with shredded Swiss and cheddar cheese."

Incorrect: Cheese-topped donuts are popular in Indonesia. In September 2013, KFC decided to offer a glazed donut topped with shredded Swiss and cheddar cheese ("Over the top international fast-food items").

This example is outright plagiarism. This isn't a paraphrase at all; it simply omits a few words.

Even though it includes a proper MLA in-text citation, it doesn't rewrite the original using your own wording or sentence structure.

Example Paraphrase 8. "Original Batmobile, built in 1963, fetches $137,000"

Original source: "DALLAS (Reuters) - Holy Bargain, Batman! The original Batmobile fetched $137,000 at auction on Saturday, a small fraction of the $4.2 million that a buyer paid last year for another version built for the television show that aired during the 1960s."

Here's a case of not reading carefully!

Reread the original again. You'll see that the paraphrase is inaccurate. The Batmobile built for the 1960's TV show actually sold for $4.2 million.

Example Paraphrase 9. "Police: Man Swapped furniture while neighbors away"

Original source: "TACOMA, Wash. (AP) - A Washington state man is accused of swapping furniture with his neighbors while they were away.

"The News Tribune reports the Lakewood man and a friend who is accused of helping him pleaded not guilty Wednesday to charges of residential burglary.

"Court papers say a couple who returned to their apartment Monday found their love seat, matching chair and other belongings gone. A recliner and TV stand were left in their place.

Information on a traffic ticket and pizza receipt pointed to the neighbor.

"The man told police he thought the couple had moved and abandoned their furniture. Police say he told them he was drunk when he decided to switch furniture, calling his buddy for help."

Where do I start with the problems here?

First, there is no citation. Without the citation, the paraphrase is plagiarized.

Second, the paraphrase is too brief and does not summarize the information accurately.

While the man did switch furniture with his neighbors, it's important to note that he did so without his neighbor's knowledge and while he was drunk.

Example Paraphrase 10. "Man Scares off Thieves with Gun on Walker"

Original source: "A 68-year-old Gastonia man says he scared off two men in ski masks trying to break in his home with his gun he can keep on his walker. And then he taped a note to his door saying if they try to break in his house again, he will be waiting on them."

This paraphrase uses too many of the same word choices, but it also contains another error. Simply breaking a paraphrase into multiple sentences does not mean you're writing it in your own words.

What's the Takeaway?

Remember these three tips to paraphrase like a pro.

1. Include key points and sub-points from the original source.

2. Write a paraphrase in your own words and use your own sentence structure.

3. Always cite a paraphrase.

Still worried you don't quite know how to paraphrase? Read How to Avoid Plagiarism: Paraphrasing and Summarizing and Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting.

Don't forget to have our Kibin editors review your paper. While they can't paraphrase your document for you, they can make sure that your paraphrasing makes sense and is grammatically correct!

Psst... 98% of Kibin users report better grades! Get inspiration from over 500,000 example essays.

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10 Examples of Paraphrasing for a Smarter, Better Essay

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We all know that when you write a research paper, you need evidence to support your arguments. That means you throw in a few quotes to prove to your professor that you've actually used sources to help write your paper, right?