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Diversity awareness and the role of language in cultural representations in news stories

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Diversity awareness and the role of language in cultural representations in news stories

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KEYWORDS: diversity, language ideology, news discourse, practice, representation and culture
SUMMARY: Beyond prohibitions against pejorative labels, the role of language and its indexing of social identity is seldom included in diversity awareness discussions, despite its function in that regard. In this journal entry, it is argued that this is because of the monolingual language ideology that suffuses mainstream America and the absence of specialist linguistic insight that might provide a counter-perspective. Ethnolinguistic examination of profession-internal discourse concerning the industry's self-identified diversity reporting gaps can also lead to a more nuanced understanding of news practice, while looking at journalistsâ€™ outputs in topic-neutral contexts illustrates the larger sociocultural attitudes that the news community reflects when it engages in reporting about â€œdiversity.â€�
OPINION: I believe that awareness of the misrepresentation of minorities is the fist step to correcting the issue.
RELIABLE? This journal entry came from the May 2011 Journal of Pragmatics volume 7 issue 43. I do believe this source is credible because all sources are cited.

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Three Faces of Eva: Perpetuation of TheHot-Latina Stereotype in DesperateHousewives

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Three Faces of Eva: Perpetuation of TheHot-Latina Stereotype in DesperateHousewives

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KEYWORDS: accumulation theory, ethnic disparity, latina, stereotypes, television, topicalization
SUMMARY: This study presents illustrative dialogue drawn from a textual
analysis of the first season (23 episodes) of ABC’s 2004�2005 prime
time hit that demonstrates the persistence of the stereotype, albeit in
less overt form than in the past. In addition, building on I. M. Guzman and A. N. Valdivia’s (2004) study, Eva Longoria’s off- �screen behavior is discussed as the similarity between that and her on-screen presence serves to reinforce Keller’s Latina types.
OPINION: Personally, I have never seen this show but I have previously studied this example in Global Connections. I don't like that latinx actors and actresses are still portrayed in this way.
RELIABLE? The author seems to be a reliable source of information due to her certification to be an instructor at University of Oregon School of Journalism & Communication so yes I believe that this is a reliable document.

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Three Faces of Eva- Perpetuation of The Hot-Latina

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Media Representation of Research: the case of a review of ethnic minority education.

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Media Representation of Research: the case of a review of ethnic minority education.

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KEYWORDS: media representation, minorities
SUMMARY: Concern with the dissemination of research findings has increased in recent years, in the wake of critiques of research for failing to have an impact on policy-making and practice. The most direct way in which research findings can be disseminated to a wide audience is via the mass media. However, coverage of social and educational research in the media is very limited. Furthermore, when it is covered researchers often complain that their work has been distorted. This article examines some of the media coverage of an Office for Standards in Education commissioned review of research on the education of ethnic minority children, published in 1996. Analysis of this media coverage is used as a basis for addressing questions about what is involved in media representation of research, how it should be evaluated, and what meaning can be given to the concept of distortion
OPINION: It was interesting to see how representation had a effect on education but I feel as though it would because if children are presented with minority stereotypes at a young age, they may begin to believe that they are true and follow them instead of try to go against them.
RELIABLE? Yes this is a reliable source because it provides citations for presented data.

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Media Representation of Research- the case of a re

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Media Representations of Race, Prototypically, and Policy Reasoning: An Application of Self-Categorization Theory

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Media Representations of Race, Prototypically, and Policy Reasoning: An Application of Self-Categorization Theory

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KEYWORDS: minorities, stereotypes, television, ethnicity, reasoning
SUMMARY: The present study tests the policy reasoning model presented by Tan, Fujioka, and Tan (2000), which identifies media use as the exogenous variable in a causal chain predicting race-based policy reasoning among Whites (including stereotypes as an endogenous variable). Whereas Tan et al. posit that positive–negative evaluations of minority TV portrayals predict real-world stereotypic responses, ultimately influencing policy decisions, it is proposed here that prototypicality is a better predictor of evaluative responses in this context. Consistent with these predictions, path analytic tests of both models reveal that the prototypicality-based model offers a better fit with the data.
OPINION: Viewing the positive and negative evaluations really broadened my perspective on this issue and helped me with my research.
RELIABLE? Yes this is a reliable source because it provides citations for presented data.

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Media Representations of Race, Prototypicality, an

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Media representations of majority and minority groups.

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Media representations of majority and minority groups.

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KEYWORDS: media representation, minorities
SUMMARY: This research series replicated and extended earlier findings of Gardikiotis, Martin, and Hewstone (2004), who examined via content analysis UK media representations of numeric majority and minority groups. Using news articles from North and South Dakota, where majority/minority population characteristics mirror those of the UK in terms of number and power, Study 1 replicated the patterns of results found in Gardikiotis et al. Study 2, in which articles from California newspapers were analyzed, yielded findings contrary to Gardikiotis et al. and our Dakota analyses: Minority headlines were more frequent in California, and majority articles were longer than minority articles. Consistent with UK and Dakotas findings, majority headlines in California were associated with politics and identity adjectives, whereas minority headlines were linked to social issues and ethnicity-based adjectives. Arguably, these differences occurred because in California, unlike the UK and the Dakotas, Whites are not simultaneously the social power and the numeric majority. Variations in power and number associated with majority and minority status were discussed in explaining differences across contexts, and in signaling possible shortcomings in the conceptualization and methods used to
investigate minority and majority influence.
OPINION: I thought it was interesting to see how data from the UK was compared and replicated in the US.
RELIABLE? Yes this is a reliable source because it provides citations for presented data.

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Media representations of majority and minority gro

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A Fish Out of Water: New Articulations of U.S.-Latino Identity on Ugly Betty

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A Fish Out of Water: New Articulations of U.S.-Latino Identity on Ugly Betty

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KEYWORDS: Cultural Assimilation; Ethnic Identity; Latino Identity; Media
Representation; Ugly Betty
SUMMARY: This essay examines representations of U.S.–Latino identity on the ABC television program Ugly Betty. The analysis argues that the show articulates a tension between ethnic ‘‘otherness’’ and cultural assimilation that symbolizes current negotiations of individual and collective identities among young, English-speaking Latinos in the United States. Furthermore, the essay argues that Ugly Betty symbolically endorses a new conceptualization of Latino identity in the United States. The conceptual framework of the analysis is the relationship between media representation and identity
OPINION: I think that this essay provides an interesting perspective on Ugly Betty and latinx identity.
RELIABLE? I think that this is a reliable source because citations are provided.

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A Fish Out of Water- New Articulations of U.S.–Latino Identity on Ugly Betty

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Where We Have Been and Where We Can GoFrom Here: Looking to the Future in Research on Media, Race, and Ethnicity

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Where We Have Been and Where We Can GoFrom Here: Looking to the Future in Research on Media, Race, and Ethnicity

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KEYWORDS: media representation, minorities
SUMMARY: This special issue illuminates the ways in which media portrayals and practices, together, create barriers to inclusion for diverse groups and normalize existing patterns of relegation on and off the screen. Media representations of race and ethnicity have critical consequences for intergroup relationships and for marginalized group members' self-concept. A synthesis of the research included in this volume demonstrates the significance of these questions across media outlets, their relevancy despite the rise of new technologies, and their application to social contexts outside the United States. Finally, this concluding article suggests directions for future research and offers implications for policies that can foster prosocial outcomes.
OPINION: I always wonder how we can make advancements in society to move away from the social issues we face and I think that the research aspect is important but so is activism.
RELIABLE? Yes, I would consider this article to be reliable because it is from the Journal of Social Issues and also because of the ample evidence of research that is presented.

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Where We Have Been and Where We Can Go From Here- 

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Documenting Portrayals of Race/Ethnicity onPrimetime Television over a 20-Year Span and TheirAssociation with National-Level Racial/EthnicAttitudes

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Documenting Portrayals of Race/Ethnicity onPrimetime Television over a 20-Year Span and TheirAssociation with National-Level Racial/EthnicAttitudes

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KEYWORDS: minorities, media representation, stereotypes on television, attitudes of ethnic groups
SUMMARY: The current study content analyzes the 345 most viewed U.S. television shows within 12 separate television seasons spanning the years 1987 to 2009. Using multilevel modeling, the results from this comprehensive content analysis then are used to predict national-level racial/ethnic perceptions (between the years 1988 and 2008) with data from the American National Election Studies (ANES). Content analysis results reveal severe underrepresentation of Latinos, Asian Americans, and Native Americans, and a tendency to depict ethnic minorities stereotypically
OPINION: I feel that there has always been under representation and misrepresentation of minorities in the media and this source proves just that.
RELIABLE? Yes, I would consider this article to be reliable because it is from the Journal of Social Issues and also because of the ample evidence of research that is presented.

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Media Influences on Public Perceptions ofEthnic Groups, Generations, and Individuals

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Media Influences on Public Perceptions ofEthnic Groups, Generations, and Individuals

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KEYWORDS: cultivation, media effects, media images, selective exposure, socialization
SUMMARY:  This article focuses on people’s perceptions of how their ethnic group is portrayed in the media, as well as the issue of media influence on the values
portrayed. A cross-sectional survey in a major Midwest metro area measured perceived importance of values and their portrayal in the media, finding that TV viewing is correlated with perceived media representativeness of one’s own values and TV news viewing is associated with perceptions of media portrayals of the values of one’s ethnic group. Results indicate that several dimensions of values recognized in the media are linked to people’s perceptions of how the media portray people like them, their generation, and their ethnic group.
OPINION: I think that it is important that we listen to the opinion of minorities when it comes to their representation in the media so that we can not only begin to understand how they feel about the way that they are being represented in the media today, but also so that we may gain a better understanding of their culture.
RELIABLE? This academic journal is from the Howard Journal of Communications and its authors are educators at several universities so yes, I believe that this is a reliable source of information.

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INCLUSION or INVISIBILITY?GENDER MEDIA, DIVERSITY, &SOCIAL CHANGE INITIATIVEInstitute forDiversity andEmpowerment at Annenberg (IDEA) Comprehensive Annenberg Report onDiversity in Entertainment

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INCLUSION or INVISIBILITY?GENDER MEDIA, DIVERSITY, &SOCIAL CHANGE INITIATIVEInstitute forDiversity andEmpowerment at Annenberg (IDEA) Comprehensive Annenberg Report onDiversity in Entertainment

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KEYWORDS: minorities, television, representation, diversity, entertainment
SUMMARY: The Comprehensive Annenberg Report on Diversity (CARD) assesses inclusion on screen and behind the camera in fictional films, TV shows, and digital series distributed by 10 major media companies (21st Century Fox, CBS,
Comcast NBC Universal, Sony, The Walt Disney Company, Time Warner, Viacom, Amazon, Hulu, and Netflix).
OPINION: I liked this source because it had so many visuals that made the information easier to see. Also, this research was conducted in 2016 so it was helpful for me to compare the current research to past research that I found.
RELIABLE? This conclusion of research comes from the University of Southern California Annenberg which was conducted by individuals with PhDs; I do believe that this is a reliable source of information.

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Fashioning Race for the Free Market on America’s Next Top Model

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Fashioning Race for the Free Market on America’s Next Top Model

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KEYWORDS: gender, race, neoliberalism, reality TV
SUMMARY: In this paper, it is argued that the abundance of discourses about feminine radicalization on America's Next Top Model signals a new neoliberal rhetoric of race in popular culture in which instead of silently and superficially representing racial difference, the show's explicit discussions about race and radicalized identity transformations are promoted as a valuable commodity.
OPINION: I love that i found this source because it evaluates a show that used to watch regularly. It was interesting to see how it portrays race.
RELIABLE? This article came from the Critical Studies in Media Communication so yes I do believe it to be credible.

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Fashioning Race for the Free Market on America's N

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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF MEDIA PORTRAYALS OF VALUES:Individuals, Generations, Ethnic Groups 

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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF MEDIA PORTRAYALS OF VALUES:Individuals, Generations, Ethnic Groups 

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KEYWORDS: cultivation, identity, media, portrayal, values
SUMMARY: This paper focuses on people's perceptions of how they are portrayed in the media as well as the issue of media influence on the values portrayed. A survey in a major Midwest metro area measured perceived importance of values and their portrayal in the media, finding TV viewing correlated with perceived media representativeness of oneself as an individual and TV news viewing associated with perception of one's ethnic group. Perceived importance of values also is correlated with perceptions of their portrayal.
OPINION: This source may not be the most accurate today because it was written over 10 years ago but I do agree that the media has an influence on how we see ourselves and our values, especially since minorities are portrayed differently than their reality. Also, being exposed to american culture can change the perception of success in minorities that stray away from traditional morals and values.
RELIABLE? This document is a conference paper from the International Communication Association's annual meeting in 2003, so yes I believe that this document is credible.

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Public Perceptions of Media Portrayals of Values- 

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Increasing the Participation of Non-dominant Cultural Groups in Public Dialogue: Development Communication Experiences in North America 

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Increasing the Participation of Non-dominant Cultural Groups in Public Dialogue: Development Communication Experiences in North America 

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KEYWORDS: public dialogue
SUMMARY: The present study investigates, through a grounded theory methodology, communication structures that increase the representation non-dominant groups in public dialogue and decision-making processes of the dominant North American culture. Community members whose cultural background does not utilize the same values and ways of communicating as those which are predominant in North America are expected to assimilate to a process where the voicing of personal opinion is expected, where time constraints are more important than group cohesion, and where competition and the desire to win is valued.
OPINION: I agree that there is a disparity in the amount of minorities in the public dialogue and decision making but I never though about it in this perspective. Often people don't condone what they don't understand and the culture and means of communication by minorities are not understood by the majority of americans so assimilation is encouraged.
RELIABLE? This document is a conference paper from the International Communication Association's annual meeting in 2004, so yes I believe that this document is credible.

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Increasing the Participation of Non-dominant Cultu

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pink- NEWS/ TELEVISION      green- FILM      blue- SOCIAL MEDIA        yellow- IMAGE

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Race, Gender, Hollywood: Representation in Cultural Production and Digital Media’s Potential for Change

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Race, Gender, Hollywood: Representation in Cultural Production and Digital Media’s Potential for Change

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KEYWORDS: media representation, minorities
SUMMARY: This article gives an overview of current research on racial and gender inequality in representation in the production of Hollywood film and television in the United States, with a focus on the contemporary era. Research on Hollywood cultural production points to a problematic trend of disadvantages in opportunities and outcomes facing
women and racial/ethnic minorities, leading to the prevalence of stereotypes and a lack of diversity on-screen. However, transformations in technology that alter the production and dissemination of media present the possibility of decreasing inequality for women and racial/ethnic minorities.
OPINION: I have previous experience and understanding of the many hidden stereotypes in the film and television from my Global Connections class and I am not shocked to read any of the information. There definitely is a lack of opportunity for minorities perusing a carer in this department.
RELIABLE? The author Maryann Erigha is currently an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Film and Media Arts at Temple University. Her work on race and contemporary media has appeared in The Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race, The Black Scholar, and in multiple anthologies. She holds a PhD in Sociology from the University of Pennsylvania. Although I pulled this article from Google, the author seems to be very credible and so does her information, so I do believe this source to be credible.

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The Effect of Prime Time Television Ethnic/Racial Stereotypes on Latino and BlackAmericans: A Longitudinal National Level Study

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The Effect of Prime Time Television Ethnic/Racial Stereotypes on Latino and BlackAmericans: A Longitudinal National Level Study

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KEYWORDS: media representation, minorities
SUMMARY: The present study examines this question using
repeated cross-sectional national level data alongside a content analysis of top
prime time shows between 1987 and 2008. Multi-level modeling analyses
reveal that media representations of Latinos and Blacks were associated with
Latinos’ and Blacks’ ingroup attitudes, however effects on attitudes towards
Whites were not significant.
OPINION: From personal experience, I always believed this was a concept but it is interesting to see the research behind it. I totally agree with the results.
RELIABLE? I would agree that this is a reliable source of information because it provides ample sources and information that is cited.

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The Effect of Prime Time Television Ethnic%2FRacial 