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https://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/290037?terms=Fredericksburg%2c+&sType=quick

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The Confederate troops had the advantage over the Union since they were on the defensive end for the battle. They held  control of the stonewall at Marye's Heights which Lee reinforced to aid as protection for the Confederate Army. General Lee ordered the Confederate Army to continuously shoot their weapons at the open field in front of them in order to protect and defend the stone wall. On December 13, when both sides opened fire, the Confederates effortlessly took down the Union soldiers. They continued to defeat the Union when the Confederate Army began using artillery which greatly increased their ability to win the battle. Throughout the day of battle, Union General, Ambrose Burnside, kept sending his soldiers to try to capture the stonewall but it only resulted in soldiers getting killed as they attempted to reach the wall. The battle of Fredericksburg resulted in one of the most one sided wars over the course of the Civil War and was a massive victory for the Confederacy as a whole.

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Confederacy  -
Robert E. Lee
Stonewall Jackson

Union -
Ambrose Burnside

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This battle was originally started because the Union wanted to advance from Fredericksburg, Virginia to Richmond, Virginia because Richmond was the Confederate capital.

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https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-gettysburg

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https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/vicksburg-campaign

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https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-shiloh

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https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run

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The Battle of Shiloh was one of the first bloody battles of the Civil War. It was a wake-up call for many people who believed that the war would be short. Due to the extreme amount of casualties on both sides, people saw the true nature of how the Civil War was going to be.

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The Union troops under Ulysses S. Grant managed to surround the city of Vicksburg after a short battle with John C. Pemberton on Champion Hill, causing him to retreat to the city. Grant made some attempts to directly attack the city, but found it too well defended, so he built trenches around Vicksburg and trapped Pemberton's troops inside. The Confederacy tried to break the siege and rescue Pemberton's army, but they all resulted in failure. The citizens' and soldiers' condition in the city began to worsen and on July 4, Pemberton surrendered to Grant. This was a massive victory for the Union as it cut the Confederacy in half, effectively ruining their ability to continue their war effort.

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Ulysses S. Grant - A Confederate general who led the Confederate troops into the Battle of Shiloh. Besides this loss, he was a very effective and successful general and was able to lead the Confederacy to multiple victories.

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Union-
Ulysses S. Grant

Confederacy-
John C. Pemberton

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The battle of Fredericksburg began on December 13 in Fredericksburg, Virginia but the lead up to the battle began two days prior. Union general Ambrose Burnside wanted to moved his army from Fredericksburg, Virginia to the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. As Burnside was marching down the Rappahannock River they were halted when they had to wait for pontoon trains to build bridges for Burnside's army to cross. While waiting, this gave Confederate general Robert E. Lee the ability to unite the two units of his army and be prepared for when Burnside and the Army of the Potomac, Union Army, crossed the river.

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To take control of the Confederate stronghold in order for the Union to cut the Confederacy in half

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May 18 - July 4, 1863
Vicksburg, Mississippi

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Massively multiplayer online role-playing game

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After the Union's loss at the Battle of Bull Run, they realized that the Civil War was not going to be as easy to win as they had first thought. It also boosted the South's confidence and it made them believe that they could win the war very easily. General McDowell was replaced with George B. McCellan who trained the troops properly to make them into a real army.

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The Union armies managed to push back the Confederate troops after a failed charge led by George Pickett, on the orders of Robert E. Lee, which caused the lost of nearly 2/3 of the charging regiment. On July 4, Lee decided to retreat from the battlefield after a Union counterattack never came. In the end, the Union won the battle with 23,000 casualties while the Confederacy had 28,000 casualties, over a third of Lee's entire army. This battle turned the tide in favor of the Union, as this prevented the Confederacy from being able to invade the Union for a second time, or gain any international recognition.

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Widely Considered Robert E. Lee's greatest victory, The Battle of Chancellorsville was a humiliating defeat for the Union. The advancing Union army near the Rappahannock rive in Virginia, under the command of General Joseph Hooker outnumbered Lee's troops almost 2 to 1. Eventually Lee waited for the opportunity to use his trusted second in command, Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson, to take his around 27,000 troops to loop around and flank the vulnerable behind of the union army.On April 30th 1863 he got his chance, - the gamble paid off in spades for Lee as the confederate army had the exclamation, wipeout victory That would than Allow Lee to advance to north up to Gettysburg Pennsylvania. However, probably the only thing that went wrong tactically was the loss Of General Jackson, who was killed by friendly fire.

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Stonewall Jackson - He had wished that Virginia would stay in the Union, but when it seceded, he stayed loyal to his state instead of his country and fought for the Confederacy. He earned his nickname "stonewall" because he rushed his troops into the line to fill gaps and someone commented that he looked like a stonewall.

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Confederacy-
Robert E. Lee
A.P. Hill
Richard Ewell
James Longstreet
George Pickett

Union-
George Gordon Meade
Winfield Scott Hancock
Daniel Sickles

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To start a second invasion of the Union, to bring the conflict out of Virginia, help divert Union troops from Vicksburg, to help gain the recognition of France and Britain as a country, and to help "Copperheads" in the north to promote the call for peace.

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July 1 - July 3, 1863
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

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on September 17th 1862 The battle of Antietam began. it was a clash of Confederate Commander Robert E. Lee and Union Commander George McClellan and General Ambrose Burnside.  For both sides, the battle was pivotal as European powers affected by the war were paying attention to momentum and  results of battles in the war. Lee's troops were scattered after word got out that their plans left behind at an abandoned camp. The confederates were forced to defend Antietam Creek because of this and were pressed with bad odds of victory. The whole mission was too much and the confederates had to retreat. After one of the Bloodiest battles of the whole war, the union claimed victory since they accomplished their goal of driving the rebels of union Maryland. However  historians classify it as a stalemate as the north failed to capitalize on a retreating General Lee, a chance that would not re-emerge for 3 years.

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April 6, 1862
The Battle of Shiloh was started by the Confederacy and they attempted to launch a surprise attack against the Union troops. They were led by Ulysses S. Grant and the battle took place in southwestern Tennessee. During the Confederate offensive, they had early success, but they were soon unable to hold back against the Union forces which resulted in the Union winning. Both sides of the battle had suffered many casualties, amounting up to over 23,000 during the course of the one day battle.

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July 21, 1861
The Battle of Bull Run was one of the earliest battles between the Union and the Confederacy. The growing fever for war in the North pushed Lincoln to order an offensive attack Richmond in order to end the war quickly and with mercy. When the Union troops crossed Bull Run, they were able to push back 4,500 Confederate soldiers. However, reinforcements came from Johnston and Beauregard's armies. The Confederate troops then counterattacked and pushed the Union troops back across the river and eventually into a retreat towards Washington.