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It used 2 core examples to illustrate the correlation between income and educational success. The graphs were a good visual for showing this relationship, as well.
Cory Burford, Mayrin Martinez, Paola Becerra, Jade Bixler

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Writing a book is hard! So, we should always make sure to acknowledge the impressive work that scholars do, including in this book. Is there some part of Ch. 2 that you found particularly enlightening or some "thing" that is really helpful in understanding the achievement gap?

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Just because a book if published or a study shared, does not mean that every perspective is necessary the correct one. Is there some critique you can make of the reading? (Or, rather, if critique is too strong, perhaps some "thing" the authors left out or should reconsider.)

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The passage will be more realistic if the author put some attention on how rich kids doing in their classes. Because there must be some rich kids who also failed on their learning career. It will be more objective by doing so.
Le Li, Dongkang Jiang, Guanqi Wang

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Something that we found really interesting in the reading was the use of sources regarding graphs, for example on page 29 figure 3.2 where the author shares how financial spending on children differ amongst socioeconomic classes, which can be very reflective to the resources they get and the achievement gaps between these groups.
- naomi wiranatha, Ting-Tu, Lin, Mingyuan Ma

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The author gave real life examples to back their claims, which made the ideas more credible and understandable. Data, graphs, and statistics are used, which further helps support the various claims made. The text was also written in simple language, almost as if the author was having a conversation with the reader.
Keertana Nambiar
Melanie Chen
Areli Garcia

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I really like the author mentioned how poverty negatively caused more mental health problems. I have learned how poverty causes more depression and anxiety in one of my psychology classes. Usually, the poor have more pressure and concerns to earn more money. Also, they don't have enough money and energy to take care of their mental health.

(Kaidan Yang)

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In this book the author used real life examples of both a student from a low income family and a student from a high income family. The authors contrasted their experiences growing up and explained how their family lives and income affected their education and future success. Having these specific examples makes these situations more realistic and helps readers relate it to people they know in their own lives and make other connections.

Alexis Maddox Harlos, Venus Dao, Sarah Macaskill

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The author uses real life examples to illustrate how children coming from a lower income background can be suffer more for their education while their family could be struggle in economy and spent less time o their child’s education.
Zhiying Zhu & Calvin Nguyen

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We like how the book talks about different family structures (single parent vs two parents households). It was very insightful and using graphs emphasized income gap.

(Emily Pham, Melanie Yip)

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The article sorts of blames low-income families as the main cause of students' struggles in school without looking at other possible aspects. There are some paragraphs that completely tie economic status to a child's performance in school.

Moises Cruz, Shirley Zou, Kaitlyn Kodama

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I think that the author provides a very well-rounded discussion about how different factors impact students' academic performance. The evidence and graphs the author provides are convincing for me and it helps me recognize some of the factors that I have not considered before (like how poor nutrition can hinder the students' performance at schools.

Yucheng Song

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It could've included more examples to better encompass other domains of the SES correlation to income. As visual learners, we would appreciate seeing more graphs to exemplify the relationship.
Cory Burford, Mayrin Martinez, Paola Becerra, Jade Bixler

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According to Duncan and Murname, what children experience in their home lives eventually exposes antisocial behaviors due to financial and home stressors. The authors highlights how SES can affect a child's academic success.

-Ada P & Briana M.

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We enjoyed how the author included visual representations of the phenomena being described. For example, there is a graph that illustrates skills and behavior gaps between high and low income kindergarten and fifth graders. This illustrates very clearly how stark the gap is, how early on it is present, and gives a great visual. This allows readers to have a better idea of what the author is describing.

Halli Stewart, Sophie Gillies, Desiree Mendoza

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Duncan's use of the two children's lives as examples helped serve as good demonstration to how the top 20% and bottom 20% of income class would manifest into real life. It allowed the reader to step out from the numbing of a series of statistics, and truly relate their lives to every day factors that affect the achievement gap.

Rekik Fikre, Stephany Duchimaza, Wanyi Feng

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Norma Vidal
Tianchen Lyu
Casey Le

Critique: it only focuses on the wealth gap but does not focus on cultural expectations in academic achievement.

Praise: We liked how he uses specific examples of students so we could visualize it more.

Quote: "Why might growing gaps in family income cause an increasing gap between the school success of low-income and higher-income children?"

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This reading brought up a good point on mental health regarding the inner environment one is in, for example family. Therefore, it was focusing on personal factors not just academics. What is so interesting is receiving good nutrition is so important with cognitive development and in turn affects emotional health. We also have a better understand of students in upper and lower class and how that affects their academic behavior and achievements.
- Parneet Sidhu and Siheng Chen

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What really stood out was the awareness the author brought to the imaginary "color line" which brings importance to the fact that students of color are less likely to pursue higher level academics, compared to their white peers - Brianna Duran

The comparison between Alexander and Anthony's lives demonstrate the advantages students have from an early age, if their parents are highly educated and have the necessary resources and opportunities for their child to flourish - Hanson Pham

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When reading the chapter, I found myself agreeing a lot with the author. I like how Duncan focuses and emphasizes the student’s emotional wellbeing. People fail to remember that there are other factors aside from economic costs that impacts education. Duncan mentions how relationships with people within an education environment can also influence the wellbeing of students. Therefore while socioeconomic status and parents influence the well being of a child so do their individual experiences.

- Jennifer Meneses, Jacqueline Barvarin-Robles, Helen Castillejos

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It was very informative and shared a lot of evidence supporting the idea of how there is a relationship between income and the school success. Also, we thought it was much easier to follow the context because the context was interesting. We liked how the book talks about the problem that we deal and face everyday.

(Yujoo Lee & Ali Alrakabi)

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The author made it seem like all wealthy children have life much easier, whereas in reality that is not the case. Everyone has their own struggles. It is not all about the income, as even if a person comes from a low income background, they can do well in school and vice versa.
Keertana Nambiar
Melanie Chen
Areli Garcia

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I commend the author in writing a segment about this topic not only on the basis of charter, private, or public school segregation, but education as a whole. It proposes the issue that the whole education system is affected through segregation, such as public schools who are known to provide numerous resources have different impacts on individuals that belong to affluent families compared to impoverished ones. This author bought up a good point in how private tutors or the extracurriculars, such as sports, field trips, museums, etc enhance a students ability to succeed within school.

- Kavita Joshi, Brian Cheng , Ronaldo Li

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The author was able to provide evidence and examples of reasons why lower SES students are unable to preform as well as their other peers of higher SES students. The little things such as nutrition and who they go to school with were used to correlate to the dangers of lack of proper education that lower SES received. The reading was able to articulate the criticisms of lower SES education.
Peter Park, Janice Chung, Wanhao Li (James)

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The example given featuring Anthony and Alexander shows how income and community affect the level of education a person achieves.

- Karina Clemente, Nataly Lopez, Serina Lu

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The author's own experience makes the readings more convincible and make the audience feel more empathetic. Summarizing graphs really help me imagine the area status, which also help think of similar area could have the same issues.

Ngan Xa

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A praise is that it talks about how income and socioeconomic status is important in determining how a child will succeed in school. As well as how people with more wealth have more opportunities and privilege than those who do not have that much wealth.

Michelle Ortega & Jira Wongpheruks

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Brooke Manning
Sonia Naranjo

I love how this chapter gets us thinking about how income and experiences shape many future life outcomes. It's important for us as a society to realize this and try to help people effected by the achievement gap, instead of judging or blaming people for underachieving.

In addition I liked how they discussed the affect of stress and relationships have on academics because it is often something that is overlooked.

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Brian Le
Amy Wang
Despite this chapter/book is primarily relating income to achievment, I like how they focused on mental health and social behavior as a possible factor of the achievement gap. Most of us students know that motivation and morale is highly influential in our motive to achieve higher success.

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To strengthen their argument, the author could have provided data on how the students do in other subjects, such as math, science, and foreign language.

Additionally, the author could have talked into further detail about ways to solve the achievement gap.

Henry McClish, Alex Ponce

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We really liked how the author was able to hit the points of how income affects their advantages and their challenges to further reach higher education. In addition, the author was able to provide numerous examples such as the expenses of children that live in a middle to high-income household.

Mariden Odvina, Veronica Sanchez

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Something that could have been improved to gain a better understanding regarding the graph on page 29 figure3.2  would be an additional graph supporting the idea that high socioeconomic students perform better academically compared to those in the lower class. This can be done by showing the academical statistics amongst the differing socioeconomic groups with multiple the academic subjects.
-Naomi Wiranatha, Ting-Yu, Lin, Mingyuan Ma

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The author uses real life examples to tell his article, which undoubtedly makes the author's article more credible and authoritative. It uses these two core examples to illustrate the relationship between income and educational success. The author also uses several detailed charts and data to prove his point, which also makes his article seem more reliable.
Jingjie Zhang
Jian Chen

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The author combined races and the environment of education together. We can clearly understand how hard for colored people obtain equal education. It gives clear statistics about income level and education, which helps readers to analyze the relationship.
Le Li, Dongkang Jiang, Guanqi, Wang.

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Duncan used two extreme differences in order to show the contrast in daily life and the role it played in education. This may not appeal to the reader because it may not be something they are familiar with in their day to day lives, therefore making it harder to understand.
Rekik Fikre, Wanyi Feng, Stephany Duchimaza

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The incorporation of specific examples, like getting names and situations that middle class and low-income families are dealing with made the disparity more apparent. They also added graphs, one of which displays the differences in income and family expenditures by income level.
-Moises Cruz, Shirley Zou, Kaitlyn Kodama

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This article demonstrates how poverty can directly or indirectly affect students' performance. It is a really nice book that offers a broad view about the influence of poverty. People may notice that poverty can be a factor but few people understand how it affects students. The author provides a throughly and vivid analysis for the influence of poverty.

Yukun Zhang

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What we found to be very praiseworthy was how this author went in depth into the details of how the wealthy have an advantage over the poor. For instance, the author thoughtfully organized his text into several sections like "family structure and parental education" and "academic achievement" and both of which described how each section was able to benefit the wealthy, increasing the gap between the rich and the poor through an educational basis.

Tyler Djou, John Williams

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The author fails to provide ample examples of or shine light on low-income families who have the time to dedicate to their children's learning. The example of Alexander said that his parents did not have time to spend with him on studies and this led to the assumption that they care less about his education when in reality, parents who did not have a proper education tend to care more.
-Christian Samuel Chun & Khanh Linh Phuc Nguyen

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Maybe elaborate more on the family structures, the section did seem brief compared to others. In the section it seems like they only talk about the "traditional" family structure (a mom, a dad, children), so maybe give more examples of different types of family structures as well.

(Emily Pham, Melanie Yip)

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As an academic article, it used specific data to show the family backgroups betweens races as well as different classes. By using the factor time, the author maked the change more obvious to audience.

Wenhao Li, Janice Chung, Peter Park

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The data presented in the readings appear to be polarizing, not taking into account middle SES students and their families.
Including families from middle SES is important to better gauge a sample that is representative of all families in the United States.

Ada P & Briana M

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The author focused only on low-income and high-income families. It might have been beneficial for the reading to also include something about middle-income families, unless that is stated in another chapter that we have yet to see. Another factor that should have been touched on more could have been extracurricular activities as they shape the person. A few more graphs might have been useful for the reader to see how things really looked between the families of different socioeconomic status.

Janice Chung, Wenhao Li, Peter Park

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The author is able to connect all of the students together, comparing their experiences in a cohesive manner. They are able to jump around from student to student but it doesn't become confusing, as the stories of each one is so different but completely on topic with the subject at hand. Being able to jump from student to student literally shows the jump in the achievement gap between the two sides.

Nathaniel Tandoc

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Although the book did a good job discussing the general idea of the impact of financials on education and success, it never discusses exceptions to these general trends. There are some students from lower income families that do succeed in school in spite of their lack of resources and quality education. It would be helpful to examine the factors that help lower income students who were able to succeed the same way they examine higher income students to help shape the future of our education system.

Alexis Maddox Harlos, Venus, Dao, Sarah Macaskill

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The author uses anecdotal evidence throughout the chapter that was relatable and provided a first hand view of the experience of a low income student compared to a high income student.

Sophia Chan, Abigail Tanjoco, Alma Cazares, Jinfu Niu, Irene Rodriguez

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In our opinion, if there were more examples, the work would've seem more credible. Also, some of the articles seem biased against the low-income families, blaming them for their struggles.

(Yujoo Lee & Ali Alrakabi)

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The article does an excellent job at describing why the achievement gap is important. Additionally, it describes about the  advantages of having a higher income. Lastly, they provide examples of students and the obstacles in their lives.

Henry McClish, Alex Ponce

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The author provides a specific example of individuals inside the target racial groups that help the audience to understand the data without having to be professionals to conceptualize the gap. The author introduces the achievement gap from multiple aspects.
Hongqu Shi, Dongqing Lin, Chengxi Xie, Dian Yu, Suhang Xu

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The book does a great job of illustrating the difference that is caused by a family's income. According to the reading, "It shows that children from families in the top 20 percent of the income distribution already outscore children from the bottom 20 percent by 106 points in early literacy" which was also accounted for by the real-life examples ( pg 25). Not only did the author include the difference in academic achievements, but they also showed the difference that income can affect mental health.

Thao Nguyen, Siddharth Iyer

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The author did a really good job at contextualizing the problems by using specific examples with Garrett and Harold. For instance, when the author was talking about enrichment expenditures, comparing how Garrett's parents spent up to 4,000 on activities, while Harold has to ask permission to for a slice of pizza (and only gets soda) when he's hungry.

Christian Samuel Chun
khanh linh phuc nguyen

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But in fact, my partner and I felt that just two examples didn't fully explain the relationship between family income and education. And I feel that the author deliberately said that poor family conditions will definitely lead to the failure of education. Failure in education must be due to inadequate family conditions.
Jingjie Zhang
Jian Chen

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This text focuses on pointing out how income inequality is probably the primary reason for the disparity in reading/math proficiency between races.  However, it fails to address the sources of income inequality between races - for example, systematic and historical racial discrimination.  In doing so, it deflects attention away from the race issue of the education gap and more towards income inequality, which may be a symptom of a much larger problem.

-Thao Nguyen, Siddharth Iyer

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We totally agree with the issue analyzed by Duncan, the GAP between different classes are causing a intergenerational problem that shown a negative influence on children education. The chapter is illustrating with supported real life issues, which is helpful. It is almost heart breaking to seen these psychology issues caused by poverty

Jinli Duan, Xiru Xu

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The article had good examples of personal stories that people have faced, but it will also be nice to hear more stories when it comes to Asian-Americans or those from different cultural/religious backgrounds on their experience dealing with poverty.

- Parneet Sidhu and Siheng Chen

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In the book, the author mentions how lower SES parents focus on disciplining their children, keeping them safe, and managing behaviors when needed. In contrast, higher SES parents view their children as projects that continues to get develop through extracurricular activities. This is powerful in terms of the different perspectives of what children are to parents.

Kelli Murakami & Thi Quach

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When authors are writing a book, they have a purpose and a goal. This can lead to bias in their research. A lot of authors tend to run away from being neutral and are more bias in their writing to get their point across. For example, a liberal book would focus on liberal media and a conservative book would do the same vice versa. This can easily be seen in how the authors takes their approach in writing and should be considered when looking into critiques of any writing.

Malik Branche
Alex Ezeani

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The author is providing the facts about the educational system in order to determine what the issue is and how serious it is. I like how the author uses a variety of data to support his point, such as different income levels and varying graduation rates for youngsters. It is unmistakably true and logical. Everyone understands the root of the educational inequity problem. But the problem isn't going away, and it's getting worse as time passes. It's pitiful, but it's necessary to make more people aware of and comprehend the situation.

Kang Xu , Hiolong Hong

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Critique:

Brian Le
Amy Wang

The lack of figures is a critique we'd like to point out. The two figures provided were pretty under representative; one was for kids grades k-5 and the other was just a general income change over the years. Of course this is only one chapter in a book, so it's also understandable that data is lacking for one chapter.

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The passage highlights income levels as the issue of low-performance students and ignores other external factors such as emotional support or parental involvement also are factors to why they perform below average.
- Karina Clemente, Nataly Lopez, Serina Lu

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The book put little to no attention on other factors, for example, race. However, the book touches a lot on the socioeconomic of families and the trouble they faced.
Jira Wongpheruks
Michelle Ortega

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The author used multiple students examples to demonstrate the disparity of the education achievements. The children's experiences strongly prove the lower income family are suffering from inequality.  Moreover, the author also utilize the graph and data to show gap between the poverty and rich.  The audience can better understand the educational performance gap difference.

Jia Liu
Linlan Ma
Tianxi He

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One thing we did not particularly agree with in this chapter, was how the author failed to provide background for reasons low income students struggle in school. The author made it seem as though the low income families did not utilize the resources available to them, rather than considering that those resources may not be readily available. It seems as though their low income status was tied directly to academic performance without any direct ties or logical transitions.

Halli Stewart, Sophie Gillies, Desiree Mendoza

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Low-income readings are a little bias for me since not every people with money can have the authority to get into famous universities like Ivy Leagues. Kids who are supported by their parents have a better "launching ramp", majority of the work depends on the child him/herself. Therefore I think if students really put their effort into educating themselves, everyone can become successful no matter rich or poor.

Ngan Xa

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We enjoyed the approach the author took in demonstrating the stark difference between children of well-off parents and those who are from low-income. We got really into the article when he stated that well off parents treated their kids as "projects". The connections made between success and failure and the real life examples were integral in getting the point across. We assumed students had the chance to experience different avenues at school equally (not in quality but options), but by going deeper into the lives of both sides of the coin we see just how different their lives really are and the effects money really has in future development.

Alex Ezeani
Malik Branche

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Karen Rodriguez: I thought the extracurricular activities and advantages given to higher income students was enlightening or interesting because it's true, both shocking and not at all. For example, how middle class families report spending as much as 4000 on a kids enrichment activities and the overall advantage that income creates for students. Money matters 

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Karen Rodriguez: I thought the extracurricular activities and advantages given to higher income students was enlightening or interesting because it's true, both shocking and not at all. For example, how middle class families report spending as much as 4000 on a kids enrichment activities and the overall advantage that income creates for students. Money matters 

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One thing I am not sure is that I don't know whether parent's education level is more important than income. I think both parental educational level and income are important. If the parents of the child are well-educated, but they don't have enough money to support their children with better learning resources, the outcomes might be limited.

Kaidan Yang

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The author uses different perspectives of the educational struggles that families face. The author bases the chapter on the reflection of the differences in income, and then moves on to other consequences such as mental health, IQ levels, neighborhood and other family contributions. The author also used graphs and statistical evidence to support their argument.

Jessica Choi, Yukun Hu

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Although the Restoring Opportunity reading shares a lot about how money impacts families, it doesn't really touch on the history of inequality and the discrimination that schools systems have in place. Reading it, we noticed that it puts a lot of blame on low-income families by claiming that low-income parents are typically harsh toward their children, they don't speak to their children with complex vocabulary, and cannot provide important "inputs" for their children. Although there are these deficits, many of these outcomes are a result of historical inequity and oppression rather than the lack of desire to provide.
-Xavier and Celia

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I kind of disagree with the author when he stress the importance of economic factors on students' performance at school.

Yucheng Song

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Karen Rodriguez critique: I think that the author only briefly went over the other factors that effect education gaps like language barriers and I would have liked them to elaborate more on that.

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Karen Rodriguez critique: I think that the author only briefly went over the other factors that effect education gaps like language barriers and I would have liked them to elaborate more on that.

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Hanson Pham and Brianna Duran:
- We believe that there could've been more representation when comparing Alexander and Anthony's lives and their academic achievement. We wish we could've read about a third perspective, with a student from the middle-class, and a student of another race/ethnicity, other than White and Black & Hispanic students.
- As well as the social capital, learning about how students from different socioeconomic backgrounds are affected, we wished the author could have provided solutions to these effects for students who are less fortunate, to be able to succeed despite their background.

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I think the author could've enhanced his book by giving a few certain examples or foretell some stories of students on the basis of their home life. We get a sense of numbers for income, but I would like to see how their home life climate affects education aside from the monetary value or not being able to avoid resources.
- Kavita Joshi

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The chapter does a good job of summarizing the problem of rising income inequality. It also provides a lot of statistics, numbers, and graphs that help to solidify the information provided.
Celia and Xavier

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The authors give perspectives from families of different backgrounds (SES, ethnicity, race, etc...) and it clearly depicts the influence of income on student achievement. The visuals (graphs and charts) showed the gaps between the different families and makes it easy for the reader to connect them to the families. The example of Harold indicates the real situation that they suffer. For instance, the lack of food supplies due to lower-income impacts his ability to focus in school, impacts intellectual development, and can have long-term negative effects.

Giesi Lopez
yiran yang
Jingwei Gui

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The author gives very obvious claims that are not surprising and thoughtful. When reading this book, a claim that the author made was that children from rich families are better off than middle to poor families. Obviously, when money isn't an issue for some students, there are many opportunities and availability in education.
Zhiying Zhu and Calvin Nguyen

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I really like how the author includes lots of graphs to back up their claim. It also explores many different factors of how family struggles during hard times. From insurance to diet and how that stress affects them during school. One of the graphs we really liked was the difference in expense of rich and poor family and the extra expenditure shows how much of an advantage they have.
Longyi Wang
Siyu Sun

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The author did mention that parents' education level was a great reason for the achievement gap. However, we feel that even if their parents were only able to reach a middle or high school degree, it is the child's persistence and goals that can further lead them to achieve higher education. Income creates large disadvantages but it isn't the greatest factor when it comes to education.

Mariden Odvina, Veronica Sanchez

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In the Stress and Mental Health section, the author is fairly vague in the discussion of the disorders the students are affected by. There was no evidence highlighting exactly which disorders were noticed in students, along with how it translated to their experience in the classroom. While the statistics were noted, I think it would have been helpful to hear of the different ways students are affected by low income induced stress.

Sophia Chan, Abigail Tanjoco, Alma Cazares, Jinfu Niu, Irene Rodriguez

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What we found to be a critique of this author is how he left out several other races out of the text, such as Asian Americans, Indians, Italians, etc. By doing so, the author is missing out crucial information and paints a more  oversimplified reality.

Tyler Djou, John Williams

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The author’s argument is not very well-rounded and does not take into account different family dynamics or situations. The situations and arguments the author proposes are very black and white, with little grey area. The author could be more inclusive in middle class, or how families can still struggle (even if they are considered high income).

Araceli Blount
Kavya Bhaskaran

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One thing I can critique is how black and white the achievement gap was made to be. There are so many complex factors behind the achievement gap, and the book does a good job at addressing most of it, but it disregards case by case scenarios that address more complex situations, like lower-middle class who are on the brink or other situations.

Nathaniel Tandoc

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The author diretcly related to the education level and the income together. Sometimes the truth is not the author described. Although I have to admit that in the most of the situation they have relatonship, this does not mean they are equal to each other. The education of the the children are largely depends on their parents' social network and other factors. Also, the material and the data the article contains are out-dated. If we want to develop the further research, we need to have a better research method and data aquization.

Suhang Xu,Dian Yu, Hongqu Shi, Chengxi Xie, Dongqing Lin

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What is interesting is when the author talks about other personal factors that affect parent's income. It almost plays into the stereotypes of how absent fathers, substance abuse, or lack of education on a parent's side ultimately affects a students' performance in schools. These factors play into parenting lifestyles for the children which in turn affects mental health. Mental health is a big component for the quality of a parents' income. Therefore, bringing up these factors is important to understand how overall income plays a role in dictating the quality of a students' education.

Kavya Bhaskaran
Araceli Blount

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The author described how income and experiences shape many future life outcomes. And also the Author used specific data and examples to show the family backgrounds between races as well as different classes. The evidence and graphs the author provided helped me to recognize some parts that I did not understand.

Hyunseong Jeon

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If we put too much attention on achievement gap and the relationship between family income and school success. It will took away the opportunity from poor community which violate one of the very important point of multicultural education “fair”
Kang Xu, Hiolong Hong

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It is interesting to see how income level could potentially affect education within children. People from a higher income will more likely to have more resources compare to others. Our success could be highly depend our social status. We should look through all the factors that could possibly impact one’s success.

Weiqi Wu

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One point the author could have emphasized more is the role culture and economic status has on parenting styles. When introducing the example of Harold's mother, the author implies that she thinks her role is to provide. In a lot of low-income minority households, parents were raised to think their role is simply to provide. This can be seen as parents not being emotionally involved with their children. The author could have included more information as to why Harold's mother feels that her role is fulfilled by simply providing meals for her family.

Jennifer Meneses, Jacqueline Barvarin-Robles, Helen Castillejos

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Brooke Manning
Sonia Naranjo

The writing could have been more broad in terms of talking about the struggles of different classes and various ways that each might be affected.

It would also be uplifting to talk about the successes of lower-income individuals, even if thats not the main purpose of the writing. We love a good success story, especially after the many academic challenges of being low-income have been stated.

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In the article, the author discussed how family relationships can affect school achievement. The author specifically stated, "When children respond well, harsh parenting practices are less common", but does this relate to all multicultural families? For example, some Asian-American parents can enforce strict parenting practices even if their child is disciplined and successful. Did the author reflect on all multicultural families and their style of parenting?

Thi Quach & Kelli Murakami

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For the Langitudinal Study, I think the variables "Anti-social behavior" and "mental health problems“ are hard to be accurate and objective. Since the participants are children who need to be guided and easily to be influenced in these two aspects.

Yiran Yang
Jingwei Gui
Giesi Lopez

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The writer shows how there are real-life differences between high-income families and low-income families. He also illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of their environment. This does NOT only education of children, but also their future lifestyles. The author also used statistical evidence to support his claim
Joohyun Lee

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The author mainly focuses on how family affects education. However, the author should give more examples of how this applies to people with different racial or cultural backgrounds. Also, what are the chances that some poor family is still a success in education? because we often see some kids still be able to succeed in their academic careers even though they were growing up within a poor family. More data and research should provide to support the author's viewpoint.
Weiqi Wu

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It's true that rich kids would have more opportunities and other privileges, but it's also possible for them to struggle with other reasons (in this case, author only focused on the positive part). Also, I think there would be a possible bias because author only puts the information that is favorable for his claim. Lastly, it could've been better if the author put more examples or supports.  Joohyun lee