# data[].attributes.body
This video shows an Asian girl getting harassed and discriminated by co workers because of her race. In the textbook, it talks about the causes of social change and movement, "Claims making, the process of trying to convince the public and public officials of the importance of joining a social movement to address a particular issue"(Macionis 493). This video shows just that and it gives the reason behind the StopAsianHate Movement. Not only has this movement been fueled recently by the recent situations but this video shows that its been an ongoing thing for a while.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhVMfpqRZiU

# data[].attributes.body
This picture shows Air Jordans 1-23 and this is fashion for the majority of people. In the textbook, it expresses collective behaviors in people through different forms, " Fashion refers to social patterns favored by a large number of people. People's tastes in clothing, music, and automobiles, as well as ideas about politics, change often, going in and out of fashion"(Macionis 492). Jordan's shoes have always been in style for years but mainly the 1-14s that has stayed mainly in fashion.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LYgcQcH6_TQ

# data[].attributes.body
This drawing showcases an girl with a mask covering her face. In the textbook, it talks about how modernity has not only changed the individual but affects them, "This problem lies at the root of the identity crisis so widespread in individual societies, 'who am i?' is a nagging question that many of us struggle to answer"(Macionis 506). The reason i chose this picture is because it symbolizes a girl who puts on a mask as a false identity. This correlates to the chapter because the individual deals with identity crisis.

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/176203404161669719/

# data[].attributes.body
This quote shows what Class Society is all about and how the people within are treated. In the textbook, it talks about how Capitalism is the foundation of a class society, "people are transformed as commodities: a source of labor and a market for capitalist products"(Macionis 503). This quote by Karl Marx perfectly shows how people are a source of labor, in which of the context of this quote is that they catch the fish but those fish isn't theirs to keep. The market of products is the fish that they caught but at the end of the day has to buy it as a product.

https://www.quotenova.net/authors/karl-marx/x3wvbz

# data[].attributes.body
This meme shows people looking at their phones at an restaurant. In the textbook, it discusses that mass society has weakened overall traditional social ties, "the face to face communication of the village was eventually replaced by the impersonal mass media:newspaper, radio, television, and the computer based social media that link people throughout the world"(502). This meme demonstrates the weakened face to face communication that phones have created. We can assume that they are using social media or some sort of mass media on their phone rather than talk to the people around them.

https://cheezburger.com/4717624832/family-dinner-fail

# data[].attributes.body
This info-graphic showcases the global population that live in poverty. In the textbook, it discusses 5 points to post modernity and one of them being why it has failed in certain social areas, "the twentieth century was unsuccessful in solving social problems such as poverty. This fact is evident in today's high rates of unemployment"(Macionis 508). This info-graphic correlates to how post modernity has been unsuccessful to people being poor because in the global perspective, its more than half that are in poverty or earning on very low income.

https://www.occupy.com/article/infographic-global-face-poverty#sthash.cnlOE5RE.dpbs

# data[].attributes.body
This short article shows how South Korea's economy developed had a high rate. In the textbook, it talks about two theories, dependency and modernity, "more dramatic results in the small Asian countries of Taiwan, South Korea, and Singapore, and in Hong Kong but jump starting development in the poorest countries poses greater challenges"(Macionis 509). South Korea is one countries that helps credit the modernization theory. It highlights South Korea's factors to their success and the challenges that pose them for the future.

https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2018/march/how-south-korea-economy-develop-quickly

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
South Korea has experienced one of the largest economic transformations of the past 60 years. It started as an agriculture-based economy in the 1960s, ¹ and it became the 11th largest economy in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2016. ² How did the industrialization miracle take place?

Factors in South Korea's Economic Success

Many studies attribute South Korea's structural transformation to policy reforms aimed at opening the country to foreign markets. Indeed, the export-oriented policies of South Korea are one of the most important factors of its success: South Korea is now one of the top 10 exporters in the world, and its exports as a percentage of GDP increased from 25.9 percent in 1995 to 56.3 percent in 2012. ³

Two additional factors have contributed to the increase in international trade and industrialization in South Korea:

An improvement in the business environment

Policies incentivizing investment in innovation

Environment and Innovation

First, a strong business environment fosters growth in the domestic market and attracts foreign investors. According to the World Bank, South Korea is ranked No. 4 in terms of the overall Ease of Doing Business (DB) index in 2018, while the U.S. is ranked No. 6, as seen in the table below. ⁴

Among the list of criteria, South Korea dominates in the ease to start a business and enforcing contracts. All of them play a significant role in encouraging investment, production, communication and, eventually, economic growth.

Second, South Korea has devoted extra attention to technology development and innovation to promote growth. Innovation and technology are the key factors that have underpinned South Korean export competitiveness and fueled the country's remarkable economic rise over the past decades. ⁵

In fact, South Korea is now spending the largest share of its GDP on research and development (R&D), even larger than the U.S. and Japan, two of the global leaders in innovation based on R&D intensity. Between 1996 and 2015, South Korea's R&D intensity grew 88.5 percent (from 2.24 percent in 1996 to 4.23 percent in 2015), while the U.S.'s only grew 14.4 percent (from 2.44 percent in 1996 to 2.79 percent in 2015).

Challenges for South Korea

Even though South Korea has been successful at promoting exports, its business environment and innovation, challenges still remain, including many from China.

Chinese competition is one challenge. Policymakers in China have also been emphasizing the importance of high-skill manufacturing and exports. This could have a negative impact on South Korea as China has traditionally been a large importer of South Korean goods. China is also catching up fast in innovation. Its R&D intensity has been approaching the levels of the U.S. and Japan. ⁶

Furthermore, given South Korea's relatively limited geographical size, natural resources and population size, an aging population aggravates the threat that South Korea's economy might fall behind its fellow developed countries. ⁷

To maintain sustainable economic growth, South Korea needs to continue its support in innovation and a favorable business environment.

Notes and References:

¹ Kim, Kwan S. " The Korean Miracle (1962-1980) Revisited: Myths and Realities in Strategy and Development (PDF)." Kellogg Institute Working Paper #166, November 1991.

² World Bank GDP ranking (PDF).

³ Iwulska, Aleksandra. Golden Growth: Restoring the lustre of the European economic model: Country Benchmarks (PDF), World Bank, 2012.

⁴ " Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create Jobs (PDF)." World Bank Group, 2018.

5 Domínguez, Gabriel; and Mazumdaru, Srinivas. " Why innovation is king in South Korea." Deutsche Welle, Feb. 10, 2016.

⁶ Santacreu, Ana Maria; and Zhu, Heting. " Has China Overtaken the U.S. in Terms of Innovation?" St. Louis Fed On the Economy, March 12, 2018.

⁷ Domínguez and Mazumdaru.

Additional Resources

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How Did South Korea's Economy Develop So Quickly?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
South Korea has experienced one of the largest economic transformations of the past 60 years. It started as an agriculture-based economy in the 1960s, 1 and it became the 11th largest economy in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2016. 2 How did the industrialization miracle take place?