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Laid the foundations of the scientific method. He was a classical Greek philosopher considered one of the greatest, both in Western and universal philosophy. He was the teacher of Plato, who had Aristotle as his disciple, these three being the fundamental representatives of the philosophy of Ancient Greece.

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He was born around 427 B.C. in Athens, on the island of Aegina

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He conceived the body as the vehicle of the soul, truly responsible for human behavior. He was a Greek philosopher follower of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle. In 387 BC. he founded the Academy of Athens, an institution that he would continue for more than nine hundred years.

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Was born in 384 B.C. in the city of Estagira and died in 322 B.C.Chalcis, Kingdom of Macedonia

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He saw in the soul the supreme activity of the human body, which he called "reality" or "entelechy". He was a philosopher, polymath and scientist. His ideas have exerted an enormous influence on the intellectual history of the West for more than two millennia.

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Was born on March 31, 1596 in Touraine, in La Haye en Touraine, today called Descartes in his honor

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Contributed to the dualistic conception that separated the body and the soul. Was a French philosopher, mathematician and physicist considered the father of analytical geometry and modern philosophy.

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Was born on April 20, 1745 in Saint-Paul-Cap-de-Joux and died on October 25, 1826.

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Promoted the moral treatment of the mentally ill and the diagnostic classifications. He was a French doctor dedicated to the study and treatment of mental illnesses.

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Was born on March 9, 1758, Tiefenbronn, Baden and died on August 22, 1828, Paris

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Introduced phrenology, according to which mental functions depend on the size of specific areas of the brain, while mesmerism attributed physical and psychological alterations to the action of magnetic energies on body fluids. He was a German anatomist and physiologist.

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Was born on June 24, 1795 in Wittenberg, Saxony and died on January 26, 1878

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Was a German physician whose research on sensation and touch, together with his emphasis on good experimental techniques, gave way to new directions and areas of study for psychologists, later physiologists and anatomists, which is why he is considered one of the founders of experimental psychology.

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Was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury and died on April 19, 1882 in Down House. 

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He was an English naturalist, recognized for being the most influential scientist of those who raised the idea of biological evolution through natural selection, justifying it in his work "The Origin of Species" with numerous examples drawn from the observation of nature. Evolutionism served as an excuse for eugenicists such as Francis Galton and Bénédict Morel, who defended the inferiority of lower-class people and those with mental disorders through the overvaluation of the weight of heredity.

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Born on January 15, 1842 in Vienna and died on June 20, 1925 in Vienna

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Was an Austrian physician, physiologist and psychologist. He studied hypnosis and hysteria, developing research and ideas that inspired Sigmund Freud during the last years of this century. Discoverer of the function of the ear in regulating balance and the mechanism of thermal regulation of the body through respiration. Creator of the cathartic method for the treatment of the psychopathologies of hysteria.

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Was born on February 1, 1857 in Sorali (Vyatka) and died on December 24, 1927 in Moscow

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Was a Russian neurologist, neurophysiologist and psychiatrist.
Independently of Ivan Pavlov he developed a theory of conditioned reflexes in which he analyzed hereditary and acquired reflexes and dedicated himself to the investigation of ankylosing spondylitis, contributing to its diagnosis.

With his contributions, the foundations of psychoanalysis and behaviorism were established, the two orientations that would dominate psychology in the first half of the 20th century.