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The Olmecs made these large heads that were very significant to them as they were located near the religious sites and buildings. These heads supposedly were supposed to represent all the Olmec leaders that were from before. These heads usually weighed 4 to 60 tons and was 5 to 12 feet tall.

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G: The Olmecs live in the tropical lowlands on the Gulf of Mexico in present day Mexican states Veracruz and Tabasco. This environment  was very hot and humid as it was near a jungle, and had many trees that could have been used for writing and painting symbols found today. They also had a river that was near their civilization that was their main water source.
R: There are no written records about the Olmec religion, however they had many statues and symbols that could give us clues about their religion. There are eight androgynous Olmec deities that possess male and female characteristics, that it believed to be their gods. One of these related gods is a bird monster that was depicted as a harp eagle and represented rulership. Other artworks include Olmec Dragon, Maize deity, a Rain spirit or Were-Jaguar, and a Fish or Shark monster. Olmec's gods usually represented a natural element such as food, rain, and other natural resources/materials that were important to them. Also religious activities that included these deities usually were led by elite leaders such as shamans and possibly priests who made offerings at religious sites such as La Venta and San Lorenzo.
A: Olmecs were known for their cultural artwork, such as for example there are multiple sites were the Olmecs have made colossal heads. These colossal heads represent specific individuals and show human characteristics that were very important to them and took many human efforts and resources. The heads were also usually found near the center of their religious sites. The Olmecs also used materials such as jade, clay, basalt, and greenstone to make little anthropomorphic human shaped creatures that represented their religious beliefs. The Olmecs had also built large pyramids, platforms, and monumental structures that were for religious sites.
P: The Olmecs did not have an explicit political structure, there were elites and wealthy that had all the power and everybody else was the same. At first the wealthy and elite were wealthy because they had the best farmland. However, this led to priests getting power after the elite gain power from their farmland. This again led to Shaman-Kings or Priest-Kings that were supposed given divine powers from their gods. In the cities that the Olmec had, the Kings would live in the center of the them along with the religious temples and palaces, while everyone else lived outside and were all farmers.
E: The Olmecs were huge farmers as they used the slash-burn agriculture technique to grow crops such as maize, yams, squash, beans, grains, gourds, and avocados. They were also huge traders as they traded basalt, rubber, shells and other pottery. They had a length of trade throughout the gulf of Mexico and outside of it as well. They also traded jade, greenstone, obsidian, and glassy black volcanic rock. La Venta was the main city for all their trades as it had access to the sea and had many fisheries and produced salt, cocoa, and rubber. The Olmec were the first people to make tap rubber into human products for use. They used this trade system to make the entire society as it traded throughout all it's cities and neighboring cities. San Lorenzo was the main place for farming for the Olmecs. As it had many river and flood plains that were very useful to grow their crops that they also traded. The rivers also took a key part in their trade system as they were routes for trade as well.
S: The Olmec didn't really have a social structure as mainly they had their high class was the kings and priests that gained power and declared that they had divine powers. Everybody else was either a trader or a farmer as everybody outside the high class was equal to one another as everybody got the same amount of farm land or living space. The kings and priests usually had the luxurious places to live and the biggest and best farming land. The common people were average and did the same thing every day. The elite group also gained power from trade and farming land.

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K'inich Janaaab' Pakal 1( Ruler of Palenque A.D. 615-683): Pakal was one of the Maya's greatest leaders as he made a weaker city one of the more powerful cities in the Mayan civilization. He made Palenque grow through military fortunes and political stability, to Pakal military victories was very important to him. Pakal also built royal palaces along with other new large buildings. Pakal's kingdom was taken over in 654 C.E., but was then later recovered. Pakal died in 683 and was buried in a temple, meaning it was very royal.
Jasaw Chan K'awiil 1 (Ruler of Tikal A.D. 682-734):
Jasaw was the ruler of Tikal after he took it over the throne over his father in 679 and considered the first late  Classic King. Jasaw was the 26th ruler of Tikal and made outstanding efforts to increase the power of Tikal. Jasaw had new buildings and monuments built, he was also known as great leader in the monuments in the temple. Jasaw was buried in the temple after his death in 734.
Lady K'abel: Lady K'abel was one of the few woman rulers during the Mayan civilization. She was the military ruler of El Peru-Waka between A.D. 672-692. One of the hieroglyphics in a tomb describes K'abel as the Lady Snake Lord, this revealing her as a powerful member of the Snake Dynasty in Calakmul

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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Popoloca
https://olmecandchavinsocieties.weebly.com/politics-and-economics1.html
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/world-history-beginnings/ancient-americas/a/the-olmec-article
http://thegreatmayanempire.weebly.com/government-and-important-people.html
https://www.historyonthenet.com/women-in-mayan-society

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Popoloca, Middle American Indians of southern Puebla state in central Mexico (not to be confused with the Popoluca of southern Mexico). The Popoloca language is most closely related to Ixcatec and Chocho and to Mazatec, all spoken nearby in northern Oaxaca state. The territory of the Popoloca is mostly flat and dry; vegetation is the semidesert type. The people are farmers, growing corn (maize) and black beans as staples, supplemented by grains and fruit. Settlements are loosely congregated around village centres; houses are typically built of vertically placed poles or of lumber, with thatched roofs. A few are built of mud blocks. Characteristic crafts are ceramics and palm-fibre weaving; a limited amount of textile weaving is also done. Traditional costume has almost entirely disappeared, replaced by commercially made clothing.

Religion is Roman Catholic, with few remaining pagan elements. Belief in witchcraft persists, and there are fertility rituals. The social institution of the compadrazgo, or godparent ritual, is widespread and occurs in several forms. The godparent takes economic responsibility for the baptismal ceremony of the godchildren.

Learn More in these related Britannica articles:

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Popoloca, Middle American Indians of southern Puebla state in central Mexico (not to be confused with the Popoluca of southern Mexico). The Popoloca language is most closely related to Ixcatec and Chocho and to Mazatec, all spoken nearby in northern Oaxaca state. The territory of the Popoloca is