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Inland zone is situated further into the land. The area is inhabited by Bruguiera sp. which have buttress roots that trap more mud and slit. So, the soil becomes higher and harder.

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Bruguiera sp. at inland zone have buttress roots to trap mud and slit.
The roots also provide support to the tree that grows on soft soil which borders with solid land.
The one-time shore gets further away from the sea and the ground changes into a land which is suitable for land trees such as Nypa fruticans and Pandanus sp.
The land trees succed and replace Bruguiera sp.

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1. COASTAL ZONE
AVICENNIA SP
SONNERATIA SP
2. IN MIDDLE ZONE
RHIZOPHORA SP
3. INLAND ZONE
BRUGUIERA SP

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Lexa & Fatin (question 4)
-Protection zone
-Fishery resources

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- middle zone situated along the river and inhabited by Rhizophora sp. that have tangled prop roots.
- Prop root will trap mud and twigs.

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Inland zone is situated further into the land. The area is inhabited by Bruguiera sp. which have buttress roots that trap more mud and slit. So, the soil becomes higher and harder.

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Coastal zone exposed to big waves. This zone dominated by pioneer species such as Avicennia sp. and Sonneratia sp. An enlarged root system and pneumatophores help trees to tap mud and organic substances that are brought by high tides. Mud accumulation occur and soil become higher.

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1. Sedimentation process forms a new swamp that project out toward the sea.

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The inland zone is situated further into the land and inhabited by plants like the Bruguiera sp. The Bruguiera sp. has buttress roots. The buttress roots helps to trap more mud and silt.

The soil becomes higher, harder and only flows with seawater during high tides.

The one-time shore gets further away from the sea and the ground changes into a land which is suitable for land trees. The land trees such as Nypa fruticans (pokok nipah) and Pandanus sp. (pokok pandan) will succeed and replace Bruguiera sp.

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- In coastal zone, there are pioneer species like Avicennia sp. and Sonneratia sp.
- Colonisation occur at this area.

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-Middle zone inhabited by Rhizophora sp.

-Rhizophora sp. plants  have tangled prop roots can trap twigs and mud which are washed away and block the flow of water

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- expose to the big waves
-pioneer species: Avicennia sp. & Sonneratia sp.
-have Pneumatophore roots and strong root system to trap mud and organic substances

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Inland zone is inhabited by Bruguiera sp. Bruguiera sp. have butress roots to trap more mud and slit.

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Success Criteria: At the end of the lesson, students are able to:

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Success Criteria: At the end of the lesson, students are able to:

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1) Explain the term colonisation and succession
2) Name one species at each zone of mangrove ecosystem
3) Name one adaptation for every zone
4) State at least 2 importance of mangrove ecosystem

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