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	Liberalism= ideology associated with free political institutions and religious toleration as well as support for a strong role of government in regulating capitalism and constructing the welfare state. 	Civil Rights Act of 1964- Eliminated discrimination in public places	Voting Rights Act- eliminated literacy tests, federal government could register voters 	24th Amendment- eliminated poll taxes 	Head Start Program- food stamp, Medicare, Medicaid 	Miranda vs Arizona- those arrested must be made aware of their rights 	Griswald vs Connecticut- forbade contraception	Black Panthers- urged arming of African Americans for self-defense, created free breakfast programs before school	Students for a Democratic Society- protested the Vietnam War, inspired march, sit, and teach- ins. 	Public trust in government decreases due to stagflation, Watergate Scandal, Oil Embargo, Vietnam War, and Iran hostage crisis 	Bakke vs University of CA- Supreme Court upheld affirmative action, ruled that quotas were not allowed.	Conservatives- smaller government 	Liberals- Mostly minorities and immigrants 

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	Liberalism= ideology associated with free political institutions and religious toleration as well as support for a strong role of government in regulating capitalism and constructing the welfare state. 	Civil Rights Act of 1964- Eliminated discrimination in public places	Voting Rights Act- eliminated literacy tests, federal government could register voters 	24th Amendment- eliminated poll taxes 	Head Start Program- food stamp, Medicare, Medicaid 	Miranda vs Arizona- those arrested must be made aware of their rights 	Griswald vs Connecticut- forbade contraception	Black Panthers- urged arming of African Americans for self-defense, created free breakfast programs before school	Students for a Democratic Society- protested the Vietnam War, inspired march, sit, and teach- ins. 	Public trust in government decreases due to stagflation, Watergate Scandal, Oil Embargo, Vietnam War, and Iran hostage crisis 	Bakke vs University of CA- Supreme Court upheld affirmative action, ruled that quotas were not allowed.	Conservatives- smaller government 	Liberals- Mostly minorities and immigrants 

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The Immigration Act of 1965 got rid of national-origins quotas, which had ensured that immigration to the United States was primarily reserved for European immigrants.

preference system based on immigrants’ family relationships with U.S. citizens, also skills.

-annual cap of 170,000 visas for  Eastern Hemisphere

No country allowed more than 20,000 visas

cap of 120,000 visas for immigrants from the Western Hemisphere

JFK was strongly against the act and said it was "intolerable"

The amount of European immigrants decreased as the amount that were Asian, African, and Mexican greatly increased.

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Marshall Plan: Known as the European Recovery Program. Europe was devastated by World War II, leaving the industrial and agricultural production devastated. It channeled over 13 billion in aid to finance recovery in Europe. European economies grew majorly. Trade relations led to the formation of NA Alliance. Steel and Coal industries helped shape the EU.

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Old people vs Hippies:
- Old people: Scared of                   change (social, eco)
- Hippies (counter-culture): challenged their parent's views (ie on sex), used marijuana, rock and roll music. Also protested Vietnam and rejected materialism.

Evangelical Christians:
- "Born-Again" Christians
-Much political participation by religious conservatives (in response to Roe v Wade (abortion))
-Focus on family

By Karolina and Jeremy :)

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In the 1970's , people started to not trust the government. Public trust in the government decreased due to economic challenges, political scandals, and foreign policy crisis. Some examples, are Staglation of the 1970's where there was high inflation and raising unemployment. In the political side, the Watergate scandal which was a major political scam, this led to Nixon resigning. Relating to the foreign policy crisis are the oil embargo of 1973 and the Vietnam war. In the oil embargo, basically gas stations ran out of gas which led to higher prices.

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During the civil war many of the activist started to use other strategies suck as strikes and boycotts to get equal rights and tried to get more African Americans to vote but since there was a literacy test not many of them passed. Since there was a lot of non-violent protest that sought change, not many people were ok with their ways. The black panthers supported violence to get that change done faster.

In the executive branch- Truman's Executive order of 9981 wanted to desegregate the military. Making the Korean war the first desegregated war.

The Judicial branch wanted over turn Plessy v. Ferguson. And make education equal ( Brown v. Board) which many schools did not like the idea so they prefer to close down. When Faubus refused to integrate Eisenhower started to send troops to force the integration.

In the legislative branch- they had the civil rights act of 1964 which focused on the discrimination and outlawed it and it ended it unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregations in schools . As  form of resistance schools started to close before it became desegregated and their were also riots outside the schools when the colored students would enter

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* Rachel Carson wrote a book an environmental science book called Silent spring which talked about the dangers of pesticides.
* The book led the clean air act law that was designed to control air pollution.
* The Environmental  Protection Agency was created by president Nixon's administration to help protect the environment and human health by writing and enforcing regulations.

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Communism relates to period 8 through the cold war and every non-communist country trying to prevent the spread of it. After WWII communist Russia and the United States were left as the most powerful world powers. Communism spread to many of the weakened countries after the war and converted them to communism. The cold war was a battle between ideals, democracy and communism. The biggest fear for the united states was nuclear fallout by taking one wrong step in the new war.

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Protest music was a powerful form in which those that opposed the Vietnam War were able to voice their opposition.  Due to many young Americans facing mandatory participation in the War, this type of music grew in popularity. This music became a vehicle through which these peoples concerns were put into the music. These anti-war sentiments helped to build the antiwar community. Eventually, this music led to what is the 60's Rock and Roll which grew in popularity. The music of the 60's protest remained among the era's most enduring legacies. EXAMPLES IN ONENOTE

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Truman's Executive Order 9835- "Loyalty Oath" for Federal employees
2nd Red Scare:
HUAC and  the "Hollywood Ten"
Both parties supported containing the threat of communism
Domestic opposition to wars:
The Korean War produced only minor opposition
Vietnam saw passionate protests that increased as the war went on
Especially after the Tet Offensive(Jan 1968)
Students for a Democratic Society(SDS) used violence as time went on to protest
Kent-State Protests(May 1970)-reaction to Cambodia Bombings.
Americans began to debate:
The merits of a large nuclear arsenal
The "military-industrial complex"
Buildup of military and industries throughout the US
Eisenhower warned of this in his farewell address
Power of executive branch in foreign and military Policy
Congress reversed the Gulf of Tokin Resolution with the War Powers Act
Suez Crisis(1956)-Nasser of Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal, Britain, and France attacked
The US helped end the conflict -> fear the Soviets would get involved

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)
Cartel formed by mostly Middle Eastern countries to control the supply of oil
raised gas prices for the US
After Israel received support from the US in 1973 OPEC placed an oil embargo on the US, drastically raising gas.

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Feminist: Bettys Friedan (The feminine Mystique) argued that housewives were not happy
Gay and Lesbian: Some calls for social and economic equality were the Stonewall Riots in 1969 which was the birth of the gay rights movement
Latino Rights: Demanded social and economic quality Cesar Chavez led a grape pickers' strike to enlighten the plight of Mexican-American workers.
Asian Americans: California overturned its "Alien Law" which forbade Japanese immigrants from owning land.
American Indians: Indians of All Tribes (IAT) and American Indian Movement (AIM) used protesting to bring attention to the struggles of Native Americans. During a protest, IAT took over Alcatraz Island in 1969.

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Key Concept 8.3 by Charmaine and Taylor - COUNTER CULTURE

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Key Concept 8.3 by Charmaine and Taylor - COUNTER CULTURE

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In the 1970's came the era of acceptance in many social, economic, and political issues during that time. People stood up for their rights through music and protest, forcing the ignorant crowds to accept the changes in history that were starting to commence. The LGBTQ community were coming out strong with their focused peacemaking strategies. The counter culture was also a baby boomer era and born again Christians held conservative movements along with others in order to make change.

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*SUN BELT: Southern and Southwest states, from the Carolinas to California, characterized by warm climate, LOWER TAXES, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES and RAPID POPULATION  GROWTH. Families uprooted by the war moved to these areas.

* IMMIGRATION LAW OF 1965: abolished the quota system of 1920's providing admission each year of 170,000 from the Eastern Hemisphere and 120,000 from the Western Hemisphere. Benefited immigrants from Latin America and Asia.