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Many Canadians will point out that not everyone is treated equally by the law, despite our policy of pluralism, due to Canada's history of colonialism.

An example of inequality is seen in the amount of unsolved disappearances of Indigenous women. Some cases are never even investigated.

Read this quotation from the organization Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls: "For far too long, Indigenous women and girls have been publicly devalued or ignored. People’s general perceptions have been shaped by harmful colonial stereotypes. People forget that every Indigenous woman or girl—no matter how she died or what she had been through—had an inherent strength and sacred worth. We need to transform the national conversation about Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people. To build a strong foundation for healing, justice, and reconciliation, governments and institutions must change. So must our society’s attitudes and understanding of the issue."

Watch the attached video.

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Canada's missing and murdered indigenous women

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Introduction to Alberta vs. Federal Government Conflict

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Introduction to Alberta vs. Federal Government Conflict

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During the 1970s Canada experienced a long period of inflation:  rising prices and a drop in purchasing power of money.  By the end of the ‘70s inflation had eased but by 1980, it became a threat again when the price of oil rose to $34 from $14. In response, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau’s Liberal government introduced the National Energy Program in 1980.  The NEP was designed to:

Make Canada self-sufficient for energy

Reduce foreign ownership of oil and gas companies in Canada

Protect Canadians against high energy costs by setting oil prices lower than the world price.

The outraged Alberta, where 86% of Canada’s oil was produced.  They felt the government was interfering in a provincial area of responsibility.  As a result of the NEP, many foreign oil companies cut production or shut down.  Many Albertans lost jobs and lost homes.

50,000 jobs and $100 billion in revenue were lost.

Although Alberta already felt betrayed by the government in several ways, this really started the idea that the federal government and Alberta have different interests. Alberta wonders if we should be sacrificing so much of our livelihood for other provinces.

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Please watch me present this Google Slides as I add additional information. There's also a copy of the Google Slides in Google Classroom. If it doesn't load, just open it to fullscreen and press download.

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On your Google Doc, complete reading 1 and question 1.

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Go to the Jamboard Activity and put a picture of a Canadian symbol. Think hard - don't just put a Maple Leaf.

Note: Ms. Moore can automatically see when you post to the Jamboard so you don't need to put your name down.

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The version of the browser you are using is no longer supported. Please upgrade to a supported browser. Dismiss

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Read pages 308 to 309 in Chapter 13 of your textbook.

Next, look at the attached Google Slides. It is very brief - so feel free to search for things that you don't know.

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On your Google Doc, complete question 2.

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For many years the Canadian government tried to force First Nations, Inuit, and Metis to abandon their cultures and traditions and to assimilate into Canadian society.  This was not a successful strategy and has since changed.  Aboriginal rights are recognized in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.  However, Aboriginal peoples still struggle in their quest to control their own destiny.

Read pages 314-317 in Chapter 13 of your textbook.

Watch the video below.

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Canadians have been breaking their promises to Indigenous people

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Answer question 3 in your Google Doc.

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Read pages 310-311 in Chapter 13 of your textbook.

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Answer Question 4 in your Google Doc.

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Answer question 4 in your Google Document.

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Read page 317 in your textbook.

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Answer question 5 (the first question on page 317) on your Google Doc.

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Please watch me present this Google Slides presentation below. There's also a copy of the presentation in Google Classroom. If it doesn't load, just open it to fullscreen and press download.

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Oil prices continued to rise in the 1990s and into the 21st century. This created an economic boom in Alberta that is compared to a modern day gold rush. Because world oil prices were so high, companies began to invest in the Alberta oil sands extracting oil.

In 2007, only Saudi Arabia had greater reserves than Canada.

98% of Canada’s total reserves are found in the oil sands

Developing the oil sands has helped build prosperity in Alberta

Calgary has more families with annual incomes of $250,000 than any other Canadian city

Increased need for housing has caused housing prices to skyrocket

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Many Albertans feel constantly at war with the federal government. This is due to differing political beliefs, the federal government's total control over the oil produced by Alberta, and equalization payments.

Watch the attached video. It is a fairly recent news article regarding our last election that shows the dissatisfaction people feel with Ottawa.

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Complete questions 7&8 on your Google Doc.

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Symbols are often used to portray what a "nation thinks is important
about their country’s history, nationhood, and role in the world." (Exploring Nationalism pg. 322)

Myths are any story or commonly discussed image of a nation. For instance, a myth about Canada is that we are peacekeepers. Myths aren't just things like stories about how the world came to be. "They can also include versions of
historical events and personalities, such as stories of early voyageurs canoeing westward, the building
of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and the War of 1812 — which Canadians consider a triumph over American invaders and Americans view as their victory." (Exploring Nationalism pg. 322) One example of a Canadian myth is the story of how Europeans moved here and triumphed over nature - this was used to get people to move here.

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Complete question 9 on your Google Doc.

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The identity of a nation can be promoted in multiple ways. Identity can be promoted through institutions (an organization united by a specific purpose) like: cultural institutions (honouring history and heritage), educational institutions (schools), and commercial institutions. Commercial institutions are "Groups representing labour unions, industry associations, chambers of
commerce, manufacturers, and other businesses, as well as people who are poor, also try to make their voices heard."
Identity can be promoted through the arts - like music, artwork, and theatre.
Identity can also be promoted through pop culture and sports.

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Popular songs from Canada: "The Hockey Song."
Sports: Hockey, Wayne Gretzky famous Canadian

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Read page 337 in Chapter 14 of your textbook, only the "Taking Turns" section.

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Complete question 10 in your Google Doc.

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There are many different ideas about Canadian identity. There are the stereotypes like we are all very polite and all very equipped to survive in nature, but as we've discussed, Canadians are very diverse.

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Watch the videos in this document.

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Complete question 11 on your Google Doc.