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It is damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply,preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients.This causes the part of the body that the injured brain controls to stop working.

A stroke also is called a cerebrovascular accident, CVA, or "brain attack."

The types of strokes include:

Ischemic stroke (part of the brain loses blood flow)

Hemorrhagic stroke (bleeding occurs within the brain)

Atherosclerosis ( fat and cholesterol build up in your arteries, causing your arteries to narrow. Over time, this can completely block blood flow.)

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Many stroke prevention strategies are the same as strategies to prevent heart disease. In general, healthy lifestyle recommendations include:

Controlling high blood pressure (hypertension).

Lowering the amount of cholesterol and saturated fat in your diet.

Quitting tobacco use

Managing diabetes.

Maintaining a healthy weight.

Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.

Exercising regularly.

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Many factors can increase your stroke risk. Potentially treatable stroke risk factors include:

Lifestyle risk factors

Being overweight or obese

Physical inactivity

Heavy or binge drinking

Use of illegal drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine

Medical risk factors

High blood pressure

Cigarette smoking or secondhand smoke exposure

High cholesterol

Diabetes

Obstructive sleep apnea

Cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, heart defects, heart infection or abnormal heart rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation

Personal or family history of stroke, heart attack or transient ischemic attack

COVID-19 infection

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Trouble speaking and understanding what others are saying. You may experience confusion, slur your words or have difficulty understanding speech.

Paralysis or numbness of the face, arm or leg. You may develop sudden numbness, weakness or paralysis in your face, arm or leg. This often affects just one side of your body.

Problems seeing in one or both eyes. You may suddenly have blurred or blackened vision in one or both eyes, or you may see double.

Headache. A sudden, severe headache, which may be accompanied by vomiting, dizziness or altered consciousness, may indicate that you're having a stroke.

Trouble walking. You may stumble or lose your balance. You may also have sudden dizziness or a loss of coordination.

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There are two main causes of stroke: a blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or leaking or bursting of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Some people may have only a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain, known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA), that doesn't cause lasting symptoms.

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A stroke can sometimes cause temporary or permanent disabilities, depending on how long the brain lacks blood flow and which part was affected. Complications may include:

Paralysis or loss of muscle movement.

Difficulty talking or swallowing.

Memory loss or thinking difficulties.

Emotional problems.

Pain. Pain, numbness or other unusual sensations may occur in the parts of the body affected by stroke.

Changes in behavior and self-care ability.