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- The Elizabethan understanding of the world was in many ways connected to the tradition of the Middle Ages.

- the picture shows us the earth with water in the middle surrounded by the two other basic elements, air and fire.

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- There was a development from subsistence farming (where you produced what ou needed yourself and to exchange for necessary goods such as soap and salt) to capitalist farming.

- Both farmland and common land were fenced in and people who had rented the land from the big landowners were turned out. For those smallholders who tried to stay on their lan the rents were raised. The result was that whole areas were depopulated, villages disappeared and the peasants either became homeless vagabonds or they tried to find employment in the growing towns and cities.

- The new men of power were the merchants. England used to be a sheep-raising country, but now they began to manufacture on a larger scale and to export cloth. Business in a modern sense began to develop.

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- The reformation in England took place in the same period as the reformation of the church.
But in England it was mainly for political reasons.

- At that time Henry VIII was ruling, and he couldn't get along with the Pope and therefore they segregated. He also wanted to emphasize his power in opposition to the great rivals: Spain and France.

- The reformation in England never went as violent as in the rest of Europe. One of the reasons was that it was elected by the King Henry and not by the people. He had a lot of power, so the citizens didn't want to mess with him.

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Emigration:
- The extreme Protestants - the Puritans - emigrated to the new-found world of America.

- They emigrated either because of persecution or because they were dissatisfied with church affairs at home.

- The first colony was called Virginia to celebrate the virgin Queen Elizabeth. The Puritans mostly settled in areas in areas north of Virginia.