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12.5.3 Evaluate the effects of the Court’s interpretations of the Constitution in Marbury
v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, and United States v. Nixon, with emphasis on the
arguments espoused by each side in these cases.

Everyone knows Nixon. Most notably, Richard Nixon, the one who resigned the presidency in 1974. All because of the Watergate scandal. Now the term Watergate comes from June 1972, when Republican operatives attempted to break into the democratic Party’s national headquarters in the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. The probes unearthed a long list of illegal acts, including bribery, perjury, income tax fraud, and illegal campaign contributions. Along with revealing the use of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Internal Revenue Service, and other government agencies for personal and partisan purposes.

Ch. 11.5 (words: 93)

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The House Judiciary Committee voted three articles of impeachment against President Nixon in late July 1974. He was charged with obstruction of justice, abuse of power, and failure to respond to the committee’s subpoena. A subpoena is a legal order directing one to appear in court and/or to produce certain evidence. Mr. Nixon had ignored the committee’s subpoena of several tape recordings of Watergate-related conversations in the Oval Office. Beyond doubt, the Watergate scandal involved the most extensive and the most serious violations of public trust in the nation’s history. Among other consequences, several Cabinet officers, presidential assistants, and others were convicted of various felonies and misdemeanors--and many of them served jailed time.

Ch. 11.5 (words: 114)

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The 5 Major Roles of Members of Congress Part-1

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The 5 Major Roles of Members of Congress Part-1

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12.7.6 Compare the process of lawmaking at each of the three levels of government,
including the role of lobbying and the media. 12.4.1 Discuss Article I of the Constitution as it relates to the legislative branch, including eligibility for office and lengths of terms of representatives and senators;
election to office; the roles of the House and Senate in impeachment proceedings; the
role of the vice president; the enumerated legislative powers; and the process by which
a bill becomes a law.

Members of congress play five major roles: Legislators, Representatives of their constituents (The people who live in the district from which they are elected.), committee members, servants of their constituents, and politicians. Senators and Representatives are elected to represent the people. They cast hundreds of votes during each session of Congress, many of those involve quite routine, relatively unimportant matters. But many of those votes,including some on matters of organization and procedures, are cast on matters of far-reaching import. The main purpose of the legislators, is to pass rules that all Americans should obey, this is called lawmaking. Each Lawmaker has four voting options, they can vote as a trustee, delegate, partisan, or politico. Many bills that are considered by legislators originate with the executive branch, but it’s mainly them creating the laws.
Ch. 10.4 (words: 134)

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The 5 Major  Roles of Members of Congress Part-2

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The 5 Major  Roles of Members of Congress Part-2

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In every session of Congress, proposed laws/bills are referred to committees in each chamber. As committee members, senators and representatives must screen those proposals.They decide on which will be considered and acted upon by full membership of the House or Senate. Another vital part of theirs involves the oversight function, which is the process Congress checks to see that the various agencies in the executive branch are working effectively and acting in line with the policies that Congress has set by law. Members of the House and Senate also act as servants of their constituents. Most often, they do this as they try to help people who have various problems with the federal bureaucracy. These may include a Social Security benefit, a passport application, a small business loan, or anyone of a thousand other issues. Most members are swamped with constituent requests from the moment they take office.
Ch. 10.4 (words: 150)

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The constitution states that the Senate be composed of two Senators per state. which means the senate should have 100 members. The U.S Congress consists of two houses, the house of Representatives and the senate. That why each state elects two senators. Its different for the House of Representatives they are apportioned by state according to population. It means each state receives a minimum of one representative.
I.E. 10.3

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Senators server six-year terms. About one-third of the total membership of the senate is elected every two years . The House of Representatives serve two year terms and are reelected every even year.
I.E. 10.3

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The constitution sets  major qualifications for service in the U.S . Senate. The first qualification is age. They at least have to be 30 years of age to qualify for service in the U.S Senate. The second qualifications is U.S. Citizenship. They at least have to have nine years of residency in the United states.
I.E. 10.3

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1 instance when the Senate punished its member for disorderly behavior and explain what happened.

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1 instance when the Senate punished its member for disorderly behavior and explain what happened.

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Date: July 25, 1990

Member: David F. Durenberger (R-MN)

Charge: Unethical conduct "in connection with his arrangement with Piranha Press, his failure to report receipt of travel expenses in connection with his Piranha Press and Boston area appearances, his structuring of real estate transactions and receipt of Senate reimbursements in connection with his stays in his Minneapolis condominium, his pattern of prohibited communications respecting the condominium, his repeated acceptance of prohibited gifts of limousine service for personal purposes, and the conversion of a campaign contribution to his personal use."

Result: "Denounced" for reprehensible conduct, bringing the Senate into dishonor and disrepute. Did not run for reelection.

Vote: 96-0

12.7.5

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Current CA senators and when they are up for re-election

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Current CA senators and when they are up for re-election

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Senators
Each state in the United States elects two senators, regardless of the state’s population. Senators serve six-year terms with staggered elections. Americans in the United States’s six territories do not have senators.
California’s senators are:
Senior Senator

Dianne Feinstein

Democrat

Since Nov 10, 1992

Next Election in 2018

Junior Senator

Kamala Harris

Democrat

Since Jan 3, 2017

Next Election in 2022
12.6.4