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The role of public health is to ensure that the basic conditions required for people to be healthy are present. Until recently, public health focused mostly on environmental causes and risk factors for disease, such as infections, cigarette smoking, diet, etc. Since the sequencing of the human genome has been completed, high hopes rest on the potential to prevent the impact of genetic risk factors or susceptibilities to disease. Advances in genetic knowledge and technology could be used to try to prevent disease and improve population health.

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Newborn screening tests are done on a small blood sample, which is taken by pricking the baby's heel. Unlike other types of genetic testing, a parent will usually only receive the result if it is positive. If the test result is positive, additional testing is needed to determine whether the baby has a genetic disorder.

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Newborn screening tests are done on a small blood sample, which is taken by pricking the baby's heel. Unlike other types of genetic testing, a parent will usually only receive the result if it is positive. If the test result is positive, additional testing is needed to determine whether the baby has a genetic disorder.

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Women with a history of premenopausal breast cancer in their family can be screened for the abnormal genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.

Abnormal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes account for about 1 in 10 of all breast cancers, but their presence does not mean an individual will get breast cancer.

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Genetic screening: Testing of a population to identify individuals who are at risk for a genetic disease or for transmitting a gene for a genetic disease.

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Genetic screening: Testing of a population to identify individuals who are at risk for a genetic disease or for transmitting a gene for a genetic disease.

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Genetic tests are performed on a sample of blood, hair, skin, amniotic fluid (the fluid that surrounds a foetus during pregnancy), or other tissue. For example, a procedure called a buccal smear uses a small brush or cotton swab to collect a sample of cells from the inside surface of the cheek. The sample is sent to a laboratory where technicians look for specific changes in chromosomes, DNA, or proteins, depending on the suspected disorder. The laboratory reports the test results in writing to a person's doctor or genetic counselor, or directly to the patient if requested.

# data[].attributes.subject
Genetic tests are performed on a sample of blood, hair, skin, amniotic fluid (the fluid that surrounds a foetus during pregnancy), or other tissue. For example, a procedure called a buccal smear uses a small brush or cotton swab to collect a sample of cells from the inside surface of the cheek. The sample is sent to a laboratory where technicians look for specific changes in chromosomes, DNA, or proteins, depending on the suspected disorder. The laboratory reports the test results in writing to a person's doctor or genetic counselor, or directly to the patient if requested.