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Columbus was born in 1451, in Genoa, Italy. His passion for traveling on the seas started at a young age. As a child he spent his days helping and playing on his family's farm. He wasn't rich as a child. As he grew older he sailed farther and farther from his home town in Genoa, Italy.when he became a teenager he sailed the seas and made his base Portugal.

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Columbus wanted to get boats, he went to Spain to get boats. Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand ll of Spain funded Columbus boats. In return the Queen and King asked for spices, gold and silk. Columbus knew that the silk road was a place for people to trade goods, and knew that the silk road is in China. Columbus wanted to to India to find an easier route to the Silk Road. At the time he didn't know that there was other land across the ocean. Columbus decided that if he were to keep sailing west  he would reach India.

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Columbus got boats from Spain, Santa Maria, Nina, and Pinta. Columbus's first trip was more than two months long. When Columbus landed he was in the small island of Bahamas. Columbus saw native Americans, but he called them Indians because he thought he was in India. After landing in Bahamas, Columbus sailed to Cuba, he thought Cuba was China. Later in December discovered Hispaniola, thinking it might be Japan. Then in 1493 Columbus sailed back to Spain, and claimed is expedition successful. He came back with gold, spices and, as he called them, Indian captives. Columbus went back to, what he believed was Asia, the new world three more times.

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Cortes was born in the town of Medellin, Spain in 1485. When he grew up he served as a soldier. After quitting being a soldier he set sail for the new world. He lead this expedition by gathering 500 men and 11 ships. Cortes also gathered more allies along the way.

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Cortes waned to conquer the Aztecs. He was convinced that he would gain more riches on the main land then in the Caribbean. Also the Aztecs were wealthy and more advanced than any European nation. The Aztecs had no horses and no guns, this would give the Spanish an advantage. Hernan Cortes was fighting for money and power.

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Francisco Pizarro was born in 1478, in Castile, Spain. While he was young he wasn't very rich. Pizarro's career of ocean traveling, started in 1502. He accompanied the new governor to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. later Pizarro was demanded to join an expedition, by Alonso de Ojeda, to Colombia. Three years after Pizarro joined an explorer named, Vasco Núñez de Balboa. They were on an expedition with the European find of the Pacific ocean.

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When Columbus went back to the Americas, the new world, many Europeans went with him. They started a colony over in America. Every time Columbus went back to Spain, more and more people came with him (remember he had 3 really big ships). In America people started making families. America, slowly, started to populate. Columbus died in 1506.

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Pizarro decided he wanted to conquer the Incas, a Mesoamerican colony. Pizarro wanted gold and riches from the Incas. The colony also had lot and lots of land. Pizarro wanted lots of land because Spain cut down all their trees. He needed space too, Spain was overpopulating.

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When Cortes went to the Aztecs, they didn't fight back at first, the Aztecs thought the Spanish were some sort of gods. Cortes spread smallpox to the Aztecs, that came from Europe. The smallpox killed most of the people already, because no one knew how to treat it. Cortes used a military strategy to capture the Aztec's leader, then people started to panic. Also, Cortes got many troops when he went to the Aztecs. The Aztecs did human sacrifice, this is when the Aztecs honer their gods by killing a person. Others disagreed with this, the effect was that many took Cortes's side.

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People often disagree on the impact Cortes had on the Aztecs both positive and negative. In 1521 Cortes and a group of Spaniards destroyed the Aztec Empire. The Aztecs were inhuman people who practiced rituals that were cruel. Spanish rule put and end to those cruel traditions. These cruel traditions included human sacrifice, shooting people with arrows, burning them, and drowning them.

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Francisco Pizarro had many, many advantages to conquer the Incas. Before he attacked, Pizarro had a book by Hernan Cortes about, how to conquer a Mesoamerican civilization. Francisco Pizarro brought horses with him. Horses were a huge advantage against the Incas. Horses could be ridden on and they were quick and fast during battle, plus people in the Inca tribe never seen horses and were frighten when they saw them. Spain had already developed steel swords when the Incas barley knew how to make strong and durable weapons. Spain also had guns, even though they weren't accurate many were frighten by them. The Incas never seen or heard of guns. The guns made a huge sound, when they were fired, that would scare the people. The Incas had no help because they were isolated from the Mayans. Francisco Pizarro used a military strategy to captured and killed their leader.

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Pizarro caused chaos in the Incan empire. When he conquered the Incas he brought over smallpox and wiped out one of the largest civilization in Mesoamerica. He found gold, silver, and food, and brought it back to Spain. When he conquered Peru and became ruler of Cusco. Then Diego De Almargo captured and killed Pizarro on June 26, 1541, at age 66. Obviously Pizarro had an impact on the world. This made him go down in history as a famous explorer.