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How does the principles of natural selection give lions a higher chance of survival? 

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How does the principles of natural selection give lions a higher chance of survival? 

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Lions produce offspring with new developed traits to help them deal with the surounding environment. If those lions were to migrate somewhere else, new species would from because they will adapt to their environment and develop new traits to help them survive in that environment.

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Reason there are there are different species: 

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Reason there are there are different species: 

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Such gaps in the fossil record, and in the distribution of lions, makes it difficult to reconstruct their past.
The researchers compared these with genetic sequences drawn from other lions living in Asia, and across other parts of Africa, and then worked out how the different subspecies of lion evolved.
The study revealed that the single species of lion that persists today, Panthera leo, first appeared in Eastern-Southern Africa, supporting the conclusions of earlier research.
Around 124,000 years ago, in the Late Pleistocene, different subspecies began to evolve.

There are different species because the lions adapted to the geographical space they were in, and that is why each specie developed different traits, that would benefit them.

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Around that time, tropical rainforests expanded across equatorial Africa, and the Sahara region turned to savannah.
Lions living in the south and east of the continent became separated from, and began to diverge from, those living in the west and north.
The genetic differences between these two groups of lions remain today
Around 51,000 years ago, the continent dried and the Sahara expanded, cutting off lions in the west from those in the north.
At the same time, lions in the west expanded their range into Central Africa, which became more inhabitable
Since then, Africa's great rivers, including the Nile and Niger, have helped keep these lions apart.
Another detail only revealed by the study of ancient DNA in specimens, is that modern lions began their exodus out of Africa just 21,000 years ago.
At the end of the Pleistocene, lions left North Africa, eventually reaching as far as India.
Much later, just around 5,000 years ago, another group of lions left the continent, reaching what is today Iran, in the Middle East. These lions are now extinct.
These discoveries may have important implications for the conservation of modern lions.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/26736688

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The process by which forms of life develop traits that better enable them to adapt to specific environmental pressures will tend to survive and reproduce in greater numbers than others of their kind, this ensures that future generations will have that favorable trait to help them survive.

1. More individuals are produced each generation that can survive.

2. Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable.

3. Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive.

4. When reproductive isolation occurs new species will form .

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-Transvaal Lion
-Masai Lion
-Congo Lion
-Ethiopian Lion

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-     "Lions have adapted strong, retractable jaws and rough tongues to help them eat their prey, and lions that live in particularly hot environments have adapted to stay cooler in the heat."

General Adaptations
-  "All lions share certain traits that the species developed in response to environment. Their tan color allows lions to blend in with the savannas, open woodlands and deserts in which they live. Long, retractable claws help lions snare their prey, while rough tongues make it easy for them to peel back the skin of that prey and expose its meat. Lions primarily hunt hoofed animals, such as zebras and wildebeest, so they have developed loose skin on their bellies that protects them from the frantic kicks of their prey"

Mane:
- "In a given region, the male lion with the largest mane is likely to mate with more females and sire more offspring than his mildly maned counterparts. While it has long been thought that mane characteristics are passed along genetic lines, research has shown that environmental factors, such as local temperature, can influence mane growth. Lions living in colder climates tend to grow fuller, more attractive manes. Lions living in hot climates -- such as Tsavo, Kenya -- have adapted to grow no manes at all."

Regional Differences:
- "As with the maneless lions of Tsavo, lions living in desert conditions have adapted to survive this punishing ecosystem. Smaller manes help them stay cool. The lions that prowl Africa's Namib Desert have adapted to breed rapidly and disperse quickly, so that competition for scarce prey resources is reduced. Lions in the Kalahari Desert live in smaller groups and eat smaller prey than their counterparts living in more lush environments. For example, Kalahari lions eat porcupines far more frequently than lions living in other ecosystems."

https://sciencing.com/lions-adapt-their-environment-4567536.html

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Lion's natural habitat is in the wild . Mostly, in the savanna, grasslands, and some wooded areas. These are beneficial to them so they can cover themselves from predators and also help them hunting their prey.
https://sciencing.com/natural-environment-african-lions-8680804.html

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Panthera leo