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The “metabolic syndrome” (MetS) is a clustering of components that reflect overnutrition, sedentary lifestyles, and resultant excess adiposity.
The metabolic syndrome is intended to identify patients who have increased risk of diabetes and/or a cardiac event due to the deleterious effects of weight gain, sedentary lifestyle, and/or an atherogenic die

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The use of the term “syndrome” was examined and discussed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF).
The IDF described a syndrome as “a recognizable complex of symptoms and physical or biochemical findings for which a direct cause is not understood

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The MetS includes the clustering of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and elevated blood pressure and is associated with other comorbidities including the prothrombotic state, proinflammatory state, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and reproductive disorders.

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The initial management of metabolic syndrome involves lifestyle modifications, including changes in diet and exercise habits.  Indeed, evidence exists to support the notion that the diet, exercise, and pharmacologic interventions may inhibit the progression of metabolic syndrome to diabetes mellitus.
- Eat fruit and vegetables, fish, nuts, olive oil, legumes and cereals (whole grains), moderate intake of red wine and beer and low-fat dairy products.
- Try to avoide meat products, sugar-sweetened and excessive alcoholic intake and cigarettes.

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A discussion on the therapeutic options for managing the MetS must be prefaced with the understanding that there are no randomized controlled trials published to help guide specific recommendations for managing the MetS. In addition, because it is unclear whether there is a unifying pathophysiological mechanism resulting in the MetS, it is unclear whether the MetS can be treated in and of itself.
Treatment is focused on tackling each of these conditions (abdominal fat, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and unhealthy cholesterol levels). The goal is to cut your odds of blood vessel disease and heart disease, as well as diabetes.

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1. Wagh, A. Stone, NJ. (2004). Treatment of metabolic syndrome. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther, 2(2):213-28.

2. Marc-Andre Cornier Dana Dabelea Teri L. Hernandez Rachel C. Lindstrom Amy J. Steig Nicole R. Stob Rachael E. Van Pelt Hong Wang Robert H. Eckel. (December 2008). The Metabolic Syndrome. Oxford Academy, 29, 777-822.

3. Pérez, P. et al. (2017).  Lifestyle recommendations for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome: an international panel recommendation. Nutr. Rev. 75(5): 307–326.