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Structured Cabling Systems

A structured cabling system is the cable infrastructure intended to transport the signals emitted by a transmitter to the corresponding receiver. It is a passive system and is designed to withstand, if degradation of signals, voice transmissions, data, images, control devices, security, fire detection, etc. This entire range of signals is transmitted through the same type of cable. It consists of protected (STP) or unprotected (UTP) twisted pair cables, fiber optics, including connectors, labels, raceways, and space to house telecommunications equipment that supports multiprotocol environments and meets industry standards.

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Provide a physical interconnection between all work areas in an office, living room or building.

Adapt all the communication requirements of a building (voice, data, video, etc.).

Allow easy reconfiguration and adapt to new communication needs.

Designing without taking into account the type of communication equipment that is going to be connected.

Provide reliability, flexibility and security to the communication systems of a workspace, such as an office, living room.

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ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B Telecommunications Wiring for Commercial Buildings

TIA/EIA-568-B.1 General Requirements

• Cable Types

• Maximum distances

• Specifications for EFs, ERs, TRs

• Performance and field testing

TIA/EIA-568-B.2 Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling Components

• Specifications for copper components

TIA-569-B Building Routes and Spaces Commercial

• Connections (EF)

• Equipment Rooms (ER)

• Telecommunications Rooms (TR)

• Work Areas (WA)

• Routes (duct, tray, false floor, ceiling, gutter) superimposed)

• Fire barriers

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Structured Cabling Subsystem

1. Work Area Wiring

2. Horizontal wiring

3. Management cabling (wiring closet, rack)

4. Vertical wiring (central, backbone)

5. Computer Center

6. Equipment wiring (building entrance cabinet)

7. Campus wiring (connection, wiring between buildings)

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Which is a network topology?

Physical arrangement of the workstations where they are connected to each other (NETWORK) by a MEDIUM (Cable or Antenna).

The most recognized are:

BUS topology.

Ring Topology (RING).

Star Topology (STAR).

Mesh topology.

Tree Topology.

Hybrid.

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UTP unshielded twisted pair, is the most economical and sensitive to electromagnetic interference.

FTP shielded twisted pair: with external general shielding, higher immunity to electromagnetic noise, higher cost.

STP armored twisted pair: individual aluminum tape on each pair.

S/FTP armored twisted pair plated: single aluminum tape and overall mesh. very expensive and the connection is not with rj45.

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Structured cabling connectors are the physical interface used to join the different cables of the various categories. The one that is frequently used and recommended for these systems is the RJ45 or Registered Jack 45.

Types of RJ45 connectors:

5e

6, 6A

Zplug

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Tone follower: inductive identifiers generate a tone that is placed at one end and an inductive amplifier that uses an audible signal to identify the cable or pair.

LAN tester: series of LED diodes that when turned on indicate the cable problem as short, open or crossed wires.

TDR: emits pulses and by refractions allows the cable length to be calculated.

Network analyzer: verifies load capacity, consumption, protocol operation, and communication reliability.