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Women in Iran began agitating for increased rights in the late 19th Century. Their efforts were abetted by liberalization under the first Shah of Iran and later by his son. But the advent of Ayatollah Khomeini and his conservative revolution in 1979 caused a drastic reverse in the progress of Iranian women.

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Family laws in Iran are based on Islamic principles. This includes matters related to marriage, divorce, and child custody.

The legal system has traditionally been more conservative, favoring traditional gender roles within the family.

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Since the Islamic Revolution, there has been a mandatory dress code for women, requiring them to wear a headscarf (hijab) and modest clothing in public.

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Women's education has significantly improved, with a growing number of women attending universities and pursuing professional careers.

However, gender-based occupational segregation and unequal opportunities persist in some sectors.

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Iranian women have not only been forced to veil but have been forbidden from dancing or singing solo in public, riding a bicycle, attending matches in sports arenas, becoming judges or president. They must sit at the back of the bus and can travel abroad only with their husband's permission.

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Iranian women experience discrimination in law and in practice in ways that deeply impact their lives, particularly with regard to marriage, divorce and custody issues. Post-1979 compulsory hijab laws affect virtually every aspect of women's public life in Iran.