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http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/revolt/liebeskind.html

https://www.holocausthistoricalsociety.org.uk/contents/jewishbiographies/aahronliebskind.html

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Holocaust Upstander: The holocaust was a horrific time for many people. But there were some strong upstanders who took action in helping others during a time of fear, struggle, and much more. In this presentation we will focus the upstander that was a Jewish Underground leader,

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Aharon Liebeskind led an Underground Jewish Resistance Group in Krakow, also known as the Akiva Movement, in 1939

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They eventually created and were ready to carry out their boldest plan. They planned to launch a series of attacks on German forces. Their plan was to throw grenades into Coffee shops populated with German Officers, sabotage German police and army vehicles, spread and distribute anti-Nazi leaflets, raise Polish flags on the bridges in the Vistula, and kill German soldiers throughout the city. A massive manhunt was conducted to try to find the resistance fighters.  Many were found and captured. Some were killed with weapons while some managed to escape. In November 1942, Liebeskind and what was left of the organization’s headquarters relocated to Aryan to try to stay undercover from the Nazis. He then joined the PPR (Polish Communist Working Party).

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Liebeskind and the Akiva Movement did not end the Nazis but it was important because it had a big impact on the end of the Nazis and antisemitism in Germany. They took down many Nazis and inspired and brought more people together to fight against the Nazis and stand for the Jewish people.

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“Jewish fighters fight for three lines in history.”-Aharon Liebeskind

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Nick Eh 30 Intro

This song represents Aharon Liebeskind because it talks about never backing down and never giving up. That is exactly what Liebeskind did. He fought for what he believed in until he died. The movement Liebeskind was in when he was fighting for the Jews was called the Akiva Movement. They were a team. They could be called the A Team that is said in the song.

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Liebeskind was trying to launch a large-scale attack on the Germans in Krakow. On December 22 1942 He-Halut ha-Lohem and the Jewish units of PPR attacked German targets in Krakow. They caused chaos and many injuries on the Germans but unfortunately, many members of the He-Halut ha-Lohem fell into German hands. On December 24, 1942 Liebeskind was caught in the headquarters bunker and died in a hand-to-hand fight.

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They started to learn about the killings of Jews in the concentration camps so many groups came together to start armed resistance on the Nazis. They would find valuable information and smuggle guns into the ghetto. They would send commando groups in the forests to set up forgery workshops. “The Jewish fighters are fighting for three lines in history,” is the quote he is credited with. He established a broadly based fighting organization. In October 1942, the JFO (Jewish Fighting Organization) was created when two Jewish Resistance groups joined together to do things like raid German Warehouses, sabotage rail lines and attacking German guards and police.