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Records of the National Union of Women Teachers (NUWT)

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Records of the National Union of Women Teachers (NUWT)

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1904 - 1973:

The National Union of Women Teachers (NUWT) was founded within the National Union of Teachers in 1904 as the Equal Pay League, the organisation was renamed the National Federation of Women Teachers in 1906. Lack of progress in securing NUT support for the equal pay campaign led to its establishment as an independent body, the National Union of Women Teachers, in 1920. This extensive archive covers the equal campaign but also many other womens' issues, including sex education, careers after marriage and healthcare.

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StorageSite

UCL Institute of Education

Title

Records of the National Union of Women Teachers (NUWT)

Description

Extensive collection of records of the National Union of Women Teachers, 1904-1961, including minutes of the Council and various committees, conference reports, branch records, correspondence, press cuttings, handbills, pamphlets, posters and photographs. There is a large series of subject files on particular issues, individuals, organisations and campaigns documenting the wide range of the Union's interests. These include, for example, papers concerning women's organisations such as the Six Point Group, the National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship, the Women's Freedom League, the Open Door Council, the Association of Women Clerks and Secretaries and others and educational groups such as the English New Education Fellowship and the Workers Educational Association.

The collection contains a full run of the NUWT periodical "The Woman Teacher" from September 1919 until the Union was wound up in 1961. Most of these volumes are indexed. The periodical contained many articles on educational issues, detailed reports of conferences, news of branch activities and book reviews, as well as always keeping before members the issues of women teachers' pay and conditions and of women's employment in general. A recurring topic was the unfairness of the marriage bar which affected teachers in many areas. Advertising space which was sold to help with production costs attracted notices about accommodation, holiday hotels and guest houses, courses and various medical services. The NUWT produced a large number of publications and pamphlets on subjects such as Senior, Nursery and Infant Schools, education in rural areas, peace and the teaching of peace in education, and leaving examinations in Modern Schools. Two more substantial publications were Emily Phipps' "History of the NUWT" (1928) and a Science Scheme for Girls drawn up by Edith Cooper. Muriel Pierotti's detailed account of the organisation for which she had worked for over 35 years was apparently intended for private circulation only; the British Library does not hold a copy.

Note. There are a number of items pre-dating the formation of the union, the earliest being from 1862.

https://www.bishopsgate.org.uk/collections/dawson-family-archive

AdminHistory

The National Union of Women Teachers (NUWT) was founded within the National Union of Teachers in 1904 as the Equal Pay League, the organisation was renamed the National Federation of Women Teachers in 1906. Lack of progress in securing NUT support for the equal pay campaign led to its establishment as an independent body, the National Union of Women Teachers, in 1920. While the Union's primary aim remained the achievement of parity between men and women teachers' pay and conditions of service, the NUWT also interested itself in a wide range of social, professional and educational issues.
During the 1920s it campaigned, in conjunction with other feminist organisations for the extension of the franchise to all women on the same terms as men - this was achieved in 1929. Issues particularly affecting teachers on which the Union campaigned were: cuts in educational budgets in the early 1920s and again in the 1930s, restrictions on the employment of married women, the employment of unqualified teachers, and the practice of appointing men as Head Teachers in most cases where girls' and boys' schools were amalgamated. The NUWT championed the extension of educational opportunities for girls, and their access to the professions, the maintenance of separate Infant schools with their own Head Teachers, and the general establishment of nursery schools. The use of corporal punishment was opposed. Concern for the welfare of pupils was shown by support for the introduction of sex education in schools, provision of meals, and the making of educational and entertaining films for children.
In the 1930s links were developed with women's organisations in other countries, and many NUWT members became involved in the peace movement. During the Second World War the NUWT was concerned both to secure continuity of education for children evacuated from the cities, and to maintain services to its members. Its work was made more difficult when bomb damage to its London headquarters in 1944 necessitated dispersal of its activities for two years while repairs were undertaken.
In the post war years the fight for equal pay was vigorously renewed, while at the same time attention was given to the radical changes brought about by the 1944 Education Act, and their professional and educational impact. The NUWT favoured the raising of the school leaving age and the extension of teacher training to three years. It was concerned that girls should have the same access as boys to all technical subjects, and equal facilities for sports.
During the 1950s support for the Union declined, recruitment of younger teachers being insufficient to make up for the considerable number of retirements and deaths among older members. With the phased introduction of equal pay from 1955 the NUWT's primary aim had been achieved, and the decision was taken to close the Union at Easter 1961, when the final instalment would be paid.
Throughout its life the NUWT had, through its central office and its numerous branches, offered members not only services such as legal advice and support, and assistance with the cost of illness and other emergencies, but also many social activities and the opportunity to take part in concerts and theatrical productions. The NUWT published pamphlets on many educational issues, and kept in touch with members through its periodical "The Woman Teacher".

(Admin history compiled by Noreen Nicholson, volunteer)

CustodialHistory

In 1960, hearing of the imminent closure of the NUWT, the Librarian of the Institute of Education, Mr Foskett, wrote to the NUWT General Secretary, Miss Pierotti, to open enquiries about the possible disposal of the archives. The donation of the records to the IOE Library was agreed the same year with the proviso that the records would remain closed for 20 years. The prohibition did not extend to the "Woman Teacher", pamphlets and some printed material.
Transfer of the records began in December 1961, but legal points relating to the NUWT's closure prevented the transfer of the Minute Books and some other papers until 1964.

Acquisition

Given by the NUWT in 1964.

Arrangement

Much of the material in this collection has been re-organised and a structure has been imposed to give a representation of the work and activities of the NUWT. The records relating to the administration and running of the organisation - centrally and regionally - have been divided up into sections reflecting the way in which the committees of the NUWT were organised. There is also a large run of subject files - these relate to subjects and campaigns with which the NUWT were involved. Indications from the organisation of the material when it arrived at the IOE suggest that the NUWT did organise this material by subject. We have also grouped all the publications produced by the NUWT, including their newspaper 'The Woman Teacher' together in one section, although there are also numerous publications to be found throughout the collection.

AccessConditions

Open, subject to signature of Reader Application Form.

Related Material

IOE Archive:
Papers of Katherine Bathurst (reference KB), a school inspector and friend of the NUWT, and her Papers include a folder of correspondence with the NUWT (reference KB/22).
Papers of Brian Simon (reference BS) contains correspondence with Nan McMillan, a NUWT member (reference SIM/2/26), and a notebook (reference SIM/4/3/13) which contains notes on the NUWT.
Records of the Assistant Masters Association (reference AMA)

IOE library:
'A history of the NUWT', Emily Phipps, 1928
'The story of the national union of women teachers ', Muriel Pierotti, 1963
A number of NUWT produced leaflets
'Deeds not words - the lives of suffragette teachers', Hilda Kean, 1989 - this contains information on a number of the founding and pioneering members of the NUWT

Bishopsgate Institute:
Holds the Dawson family archive which contains documents about the lives of Agnes Dawson, Elizabeth Tidswell and Clara Dawson Follett, all members of the NUWT. https://www.bishopsgate.org.uk/collections/dawson-family-archive

London School of Economics:
Contains the Women's Library Archive which holds the papers of Muriel Pierotti as well as various other papers relating to members of the NUWT throughout a number of collections.

FindingAids

Collection catalogued online

Show related Persons records.

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StorageSite UCL Institute of Education Title Records of the National Union of Women Teachers (NUWT) Description Extensive collection of records of the National Union of Women Teachers, 1904-1961, including minutes of the Council and various committees, conference reports, branch records, correspondence, press cuttings, handbills, pamphlets, posters and photographs.

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Records of the French Protestant Hospital (La Providence)

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Records of the French Protestant Hospital (La Providence)

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1718 - present:

The French Protestant Hospital was established in 1718, though its origins date to the late seventeenth century, in the need to provide for the sick and infirm amongst the community of Huguenots arriving in London, in large numbers, in the years immediately before and after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.

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StorageSite

UCL Special Collections

Reference Number
HUGUENOT LIBRARY/H

Title

French Protestant Hospital (La Providence)

Description

Papers of the French Protestant Hospital, comprising:
Minutes of the Court of Governors and Directors, and minutes of the Management Committee.
Treasurer's accounts.
Hospital administration.
Records of applicants and inmates.
Endowments, bequests and property.
Papers relating to Hospital buildings.
Legal records.
Correspondence.
Miscellaneous papers, including those not apparently of the French Protestant Hospital.
Papers relating to charities administered by the French Protestant Hospital.
Papers relating to other charities.
20th century records of the French Hospital.

Extent

85 boxes and 157 volumes

AdminHistory

The French Protestant Hospital was established in 1718, though its origins date to the late seventeenth century, in the need to provide for the sick and infirm amongst the community of Huguenots arriving in London, in large numbers, in the years immediately before and after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. In October 1681, the Common Council of the City of London agreed to offer for this purpose a house near Bunhill Fields, formerly used as an isolation hospital in times of plague. In 1708, Jacques de Gâtigny left a legacy of £500 to the Pest House to build apartments for at least twelve 'poor, infirm or sick French Protestants over the age of 50 years' and a further £500, the interest on which was to provide beds, linen, cloths and other necessities for the inmates. The Gâtigny bequest was handed over to the Royal Bounty committee in February 1709, but progress halted until March 1716, when a site near Old Street for a new hospital was leased from the Ironmongers' Company for 990 years for a premium of £400 and a peppercorn rent. On the proceeds of a further appeal to subscribers, the new Hospital was opened in November 1718. A royal charter of incorporation was granted on 24th July 1718. In 1866 the Hospital was moved to a new site in Victoria Park, Hackney, until 1940, when the building was requisitioned. The Hospital moved temporarily to Compton's Lea, near Horsham, and then in 1955 to La Providence in Rochester, where sheltered housing is provided for elderly people of Huguenot descent.
The Hospital is administered by a Court of Directors, presided over by the Deputy Governor and Governor. A steward was appointed to manage the routine administration of the Hospital, reporting to the management committee. Numerous charities and funds for outgifts are administered by the Directors, amalgamated into a single fund (with the exception of the Stephen Mounier Apprenticeship Fund) in the early 20th century. The archives were moved to UCL in the 1950s as part of the Huguenot Library.

Acquisition

Received from the French Hospital in 1957, with subsequent accessions in 1999 and 2006.

Arrangement

As outlined in Description field

AccessStatus

Certain restrictions apply

AccessConditions

The papers are available subject to the usual conditions of access to Archives and Manuscripts material, after the completion of a Reader's Undertaking.

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StorageSite UCL Special Collections Reference Number HUGUENOT LIBRARY/H Title French Protestant Hospital (La Providence) Description Papers of the French Protestant Hospital, comprising:Minutes of the Court of Governors and Directors, and minutes of the Management Committee.Treasurer's accounts.Hospital administration.Records of applicants and inmates.Endowments, bequests and property.Papers relating to Hospital buildings.Legal records.Correspondence.Miscellaneous papers, including those not apparently of the French Protestant Hospital.Papers relating to charities administered by the French Protestant Hospital.Papers relating to other charities.20th century records of the French Hospital.

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1612 - 1926:

Please note that some of our collections contain material that is discriminatory, harmful, or offensive. In some cases, outdated terminology has been quoted directly from the material in order to provide an accurate representation in the catalogue, such as titles of published works. The language, attitudes, and ideas within this material do not reflect the views of UCL.

Papers of Sir Francis Galton, polymath and statisician remembered for establishing the field of eugenics.

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StorageSite

UCL Special Collections

Description

Papers of Sir Francis Galton, consisting of papers relating to the personal history of Galton and his family, 1612-1926; papers relating to Galton's scientific work, 1850-1922; and correspondence 1765-1923.

Extent

175 standard boxes, 19 volumes plus oversize items

AdminHistory

Francis Galton was born in Birmingham on the 16th February 1822. His father was Samuel Tertius Galton (1783-1844), a banker, and his mother was Frances Anne Violetta Darwin (1783-1874), daughter of the physician Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802). Through his mother's family he was a cousin of the naturalist Charles Darwin.

Galton was educated in Kenilworth and at King Edward's School, Birmingham, until the age of sixteen. Following in the footsteps of his maternal grandfather, he was enrolled to study medicine at Birmingham General Hospital in 1838 and moved to King's College Medical School in 1839. However, he gave up his medical education and in 1840 spent six months travelling through Europe, Turkey and Syria. On his return he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge to read mathematics and was awarded his BA in 1844. When his father died later that year, a generous inheritance allowed Galton to give up his plans to study medicine at Cambridge and instead he embarked on a year-long tour of the Middle East.

In 1850 he explored south-west Africa on behalf of the Royal Geographical Society and later published two books as a result of his experiences: Tropical South Africa (1852) and The Art of Travel (1855). He married Louisa Jane Butler in 1855 and they established a home in Rutland Gate in South Kensington, London.

Galton then devoted his life to the study of diverse fields, including the weather, physical and mental characteristics in man and animals, the influence of heredity, heredity in twins, and fingerprints. He was preoccupied with counting and measuring, and collected a huge amount of statistical data to support his hypotheses.

Today, Galton is perhaps best known for his studies into the inheritance of mental and physical characteristics in humans, for example estimating the frequency with which eminent individuals come from similarly distinguished families. His questionable hypotheses and methods led him to conclude that "talents" could be inherited, and later in his life he was zealous in advocating the study of "those agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations, either physically or mentally". He invented the word "eugenics" to describe this. Many of his genetic theories, such as eugenics, have since been discredited, although his study into the concept of inheritance - that certain characteristics can be passed from one generation to the next - is an important legacy.

One of Galton's other fields of interest was his work on fingerprints. He discovered that a person's fingerprints could be used for personal identification because they are unique and do not change throughout a person's lifetime. His archive contains a large number of examples of fingerprints, which he used to create a taxonomic system still in use today. Galton also carried out further studies into the method of inheritance, for example disproving Charles Darwin's theory of pangenesis (inheritance via particles in the bloodstream) and making various discoveries through his data analysis that eventually formed the basis of biostatistics.

Galton was also involved in many societies and organisations, particularly the Royal Society, the Royal Geographical Society and the British Association for the Advancement of Science. He was on the governing committee of the Meteorological Office from 1868 to 1900. He founded the Galton Laboratory of National Eugenics at University College London to further his work on eugenics, although under the leadership of L S Penrose in the 1960s the name of this department was changed to the Galton Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Biometry.

Francis Galton died on the 17 January 1911 and he was buried at the Galton family vault in Claverdon, Warwickshire. His wife Louisa predeceased him; they had no children.

Acquisition

The papers were deposited in University College London by Sir Francis Galton's executors soon after his death in 1911. They were added to by gifts from his nephew, Edward Galton Wheler-Galton, and from other members of the family. Purchases were made from sale rooms and private owners by Karl Pearson and other members of the Galton Laboratory during the following thirty years.

Arrangement

Divided into three sections: 1. Personal and family papers; 2. Work-related material; 3. Correspondence

AccessConditions

The papers are available subject to the usual conditions of access to Archives and Manuscripts material, after the completion of a Reader's Undertaking.

Related Material

University College London Special Collections also holds photographs of, and papers relating to, Galton in the Pearson Papers (Ref: PEARSON), and letters from Galton to: A G Butler (Ref: MS ADD 305), Millicent Adele Lethbridge 1883-1910 (Ref: MS ADD 310), and James Sully (Ref: MS ADD 158).

Material relating to Galton can also be found in the following repositories:

The Royal Geographical Society:
Photograph of Francis Galton (PR/026573)
3 letters to Sir J S Keltie (RGS/CB8/50)
Royal Geographical Society Correspondence Collection: letters from Francis Galton (RGS/CB7/36: 1882-1902, 52 items), (RGS/CB4/680: 1855-1860, 80 items), (RGS/CB6/864: 1871-1883, 86 items)
Astronomical observations, 1850-1851

Oxford University Museum of the History of Science has some papers relating to Galton

Oxford University Museum of Natural History holds correspondence, mainly letters to Sir E B Poulton, 1887-1908

The Royal Society holds some material relating to Galton (In particular Ref: MM/11, MM/15, MM/17 and EC/1860/10)

The McLennan Library at McGill University has a Galton notebook, 1894-1897

Cambridge University King's College Modern Archive Centre holds letters to Oscar Browning, 1884-1886, (Ref: OB)

The Department of Manuscripts and University Archives at Cambridge University Library holds letters to Charles Darwin (Ref: Darwin), and letters to Sir George Stokes, 1868-1885 (Ref: Add 7342, 7656)

The British Library Manuscript Collections holds correspondence with MacMillans publishers, 1861-1909 (Ref: Add MS 55218)

Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories holds letters to Lord Rayleigh, 1876-1908

Warwickshire County Record Office holds copies of photographs of Francis Galton (PH0816) and other material relating to the Galton family in Warwickshire (CR1198)

FindingAids

A full, detailed catalogue is available online. Please note this catalogue supercedes the printed handlist and researchers should note that the system of numbering has been changed.

Now obsolete published handlist 'A list of the papers and correspondence of Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911) held in the Manuscripts Room, the Library, University College London' compiled by M Merrington and J Golden (University College London, 1976); name and subject index.

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StorageSite UCL Special Collections Description Papers of Sir Francis Galton, consisting of papers relating to the personal history of Galton and his family, 1612-1926; papers relating to Galton's scientific work, 1850-1922; and correspondence 1765-1923. Extent 175 standard boxes, 19 volumes plus oversize items AdminHistory Francis Galton was born in Birmingham on the 16th February 1822.

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1825 - 1998:

Please note that some of our collections contain material that is discriminatory, harmful, or offensive. In some cases, outdated terminology has been quoted directly from the material in order to provide an accurate representation in the catalogue, such as titles of published works. The language, attitudes, and ideas within this material do not reflect the views of UCL.

Records of The Galton Laboratory, the first institution in the world to study human genetics as a science. It was originally established in 1904, and in 2013 the Galton Laboratory was incorporated into the new Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment at UCL.

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Records of the Galton Laboratory accumulated since its creation in 1904 to the late 20th Century. Comprises business papers, research papers, data for studies, records relating to ‘Annals of Human Genetics’ (formerly ‘Annals of Eugenics’), ‘Treasury of Human Inheritance’, visual and audio-visual mat…

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1917 - 2003:

The Forest School was a progressive school in which children went on summer holiday camping hikes and learnt about survival skills and the environment.

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StorageSite

UCL Institute of Education

Title

Records of the Forest School Camps

Description

This catalogue comprises the administrative, financial and committee papers and photographs of the Forest School Camps including minutes of Council meetings, 1953-1989; papers of various committees, 1950-2003; constitution papers and annual reports, 1965-1996, various publications (including New Horizon School Camps, 1962-1977; Newsletter, 1954-1976; Pine Cone New Series, 1986 and 1997-2003; Org 4, 1997-2003; Magazine, 1964-1986; and, the Annual Programme, 1948-2001); camp logs, reports and diaries, 1935-1996; photographs, 1962-1975; interview tapes, 1997; interview transcripts, 1997; 'Our Story' and related papers, 1998-2001; songbooks and dance manuals, 1970s; catering and recipes, 1965-1985; and, guidelines for staff and camp chiefs, 1955-1986.

AdminHistory

The Forest School Camps were formed in the tradition of the original Forest School which dated from 1929 until World War Two. Ernest Westlake, co-founder of the Order of Woodcraft Chivalry, has purchased a site on which to build a Quaker-influence Forest School in Godshill, Hampshire. When he died before he could realise his plans, his son, Aubrey, set up the school, though his first attempt at running the school in 1929 was disastrous as all four of the pupils contracted scarlet fever and the school was forced to close! A year later Aubrey appointed Cuthbert Rutter as Headmaster and the school re-opened.

The Forest School was a progressive school in which children went on summer holiday camping hikes and learnt about survival skills and the environment. In due course the school moved to Whitwell Hall, Norfolk, in 1938 but the Hall was requisitioned by the military in 1940 and, despite attempts, was never reopened.

The talks about reopening the school led to a reunion camp at the Hall, organised by Arthur Cobb and run by John Glaister. This camp had around 30 children and proved to be such a success that further camps were organised in 1948 and 1949. The ensuing two-week camps had 'lodges' accommodating 60 children between the ages of 6.5 and 17. Although sleeping arrangements and activities were age appropriate, eating, the morning rally and evening entertainments were done as a single unit. Children learned many skills including cooking, and woodwork, and, were taught "...to know the world, to submit to the world and to change the world" (Cobb, c1953). The attainment of independence was the most important achievement. Over time the Forest School Camps became a Registered Charity and a Company Limited by Guarantee whose purpose is the promotion of holidays and outdoor activities for children and young people.

Forest School, and the subsequent camps, were directly based on the Order of Woodcraft Chivalry, established after World War One. Woodcraft aimed to "...create a Forest School where children might have a continuous education in natural surroundings", and, Forest School emulated this. Furthermore, at Forest School the children were organised into the same Woodcraft age-groups, referred to as "Elves, Woodlings, Trackers and Pathfinders" and subjected to Woodcraft tests and trials.

Forest School was also heavily influenced by progressive education. At the Forest School each child was treated individually and adults were there to supervise or provide guidance, rather than as authoritative figures. It operated "very much as a large family", in which "...the children were guided by the group feeling of the school as a whole" (Hedger, 1963), and was organised by typically progressive "democratic form of government" (Hedger, 1963). Later, the same ethos was applied to the camps.

The organisation gained huge strength in the 1950s when a number of left-wing people joined the staff and many teachers were also recruited. The basis of the camps is still the standing camps or lodges where children are taught camping and woodcraft skills but there are also a number of adventure-style camps involving canoeing, pot holing and camping abroad.

FSC was an unincorporated body until 1967 when it became a Company limited by guarantee and a Charity. In 1997 there were 34 camps advertised in the programme and over 1200 places for children and today the camps continue to be run entirely by volunteers.

CustodialHistory

The Archive was initially deposited at the Modern Records Centre at Warwick University in 1977 as MS 156. A further deposit was made by a private individual in 2002. In January 2005 the Archive was transferred to the Institute of Education, where a further deposit was made in April 2005.

Arrangement

Material held on digital storage media have been removed from the body of the collection and placed in the Digital Physical Media Storage Area (Jessica Womack, March 2014)

AccessConditions

Open, subject to signature of Reader Application Form. Some personal material may be closed.

Related Material

The Order of Woodcraft Chivalry Archive, Trent University Archives <http://www.trentu.ca/admin/library/archives/>

PublnNote

With special thanks to Marcos Guillen and Flow (Alex) Stone for all their help with information about the history of the Organisation.

Publications used to write the administrative history:
Jaffe, Lucy (Ed). 'Our Story: 50 Years Under Canvas with Forest School Camps'. (1998).
'How to Run Woodcraft Chivalry', The Woodcraft Way Series: No 6. The British Order of Woodcraft Chivalry in the British Isles (London), 1922.
Brand, 'N'. 'Early Days in the Forest School'. (Feb 1986).
Hedger, Rupert. 'The Development of Forest School and the Forest School Camps'. (1963).

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StorageSite UCL Institute of Education Title Records of the Forest School Camps Description This catalogue comprises the administrative, financial and committee papers and photographs of the Forest School Camps including minutes of Council meetings, 1953-1989; papers of various committees, 1950-2003; constitution papers and annual reports, 1965-1996, various publications (including New

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1584 - 1980:

Papers of the statistician Egon Pearson, son of Karl Pearson.

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StorageSite

UCL Special Collections

Title

Egon Sharpe Pearson Papers

Description

Professional and personal papers and correspondence of Egon Sharpe Pearson, including lecture notes, lecture slides, class papers; statistical research papers; publications and drafts; records relating to the Department of Statistics; papers relating to the journal Biometrika; and papers relating to E S Pearson's collaborative work with Jerzy Neyman, Walter Shewhart, Florence Nightingale David and Herman Otto Hartley. Also includes material used in preparation for a biography of William Sealy Gosset, including correspondence between Gosset and E S Pearson, copies of correspondence between Gosset and Karl Pearson; copies of correspondence between Gosset and R A Fisher; and a draft biography with the working title "All This and Student Too", [published posthumously, edited by Plackett and Barnard, under the title Student: A Statistical Biography of William Sealy Gosset].
Also includes a large collection of personal and family papers, including records relating to the history of the Pearson, Sharpe, Smith, Rogers, Kenrick, Reid and Wharton families dating from the 16th century onwards; personal correspondence of E S Pearson, Karl Pearson, Maria Sharpe Pearson, Sigrid Loetitia Sharpe Pearson, Helga Sharpe Pearson and other family members; family photographs dating from the mid-19th century to mid-20th century; holiday sketches, paintings and diaries; papers relating to Lina Eckenstein; and miscellaneous family memorabilia.
Many of the papers have been annotated by E S Pearson explaining their provenance or elaborating on other points. These annotations were probably made in the late 1970s when he was putting his papers in order. Some notes are addressed specifically to his assistant, Jan Abrahams.

AdminHistory

Egon Sharpe Pearson was the son of Karl Pearson and his first wife, Maria Sharpe Pearson. He was born in Hampstead in 1895 and had one older and one younger sister; Sigrid Loetitia Sharpe Pearson (later Bousfield) and Helga Sharpe Pearson (later Hacker). Egon was educated at the Dragon School, Oxford, and Winchester College before going up to Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1914. His time at Cambridge was interrupted by a period of war service at the Admiralty and the Ministry of Shipping, and he graduated in 1920.

In 1921 E S Pearson took up a post as a lecturer at the Department of Applied Statistics, University College London, which was then headed by his father, Karl Pearson. Egon assisted his father with the editing of the journal Biometrika, eventually taking over the role of managing editor after Karl's death in 1936. On Karl's retirement in 1933 his former department was split into the Eugenics (later Human Genetics) Department, run by R A Fisher, and the Department of Statistics, of which Egon became head. He was made Professor of Statistics in 1935.

During the Second World War E S Pearson worked for the Ordnance Board as part of an operational research group for trials of explosive weapons. He returned to UCL after the war at the age of fifty.

Egon Pearson had several important working relationships over the course of his career. He is known particularly for his collaboration with Polish mathematician Jerzy Neyman who spent time in the 1920s and 30s as a research fellow and special lecturer at UCL, working with Karl Pearson, Egon Pearson, and R A Fisher. Neyman and Egon Pearson are well known for devising the Neyman-Pearson lemma of hypothesis testing. Pearson was also influenced by W S Gosset [aka "Student"] whom he regarded as "one of the greatest of what might be called real practising statisticians". He drafted a biography of Gosset titled All This and Student Too which was published posthumously as Student: A Statistical Biography of William Sealy Gosset. Pearson also worked closely with Walter Shewhart on statistical technique in standardisation and industrial production.

E S Pearson was awarded the Weldon Prize in 1935, a CBE in 1946, elected President of the Royal Statistical Society 1955-1956 and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1966. He was married twice, firstly to Dorothy Eileen Jolly (married 1934 until her death in 1949) and secondly to Margaret Turner (married 1967 until her death in 1975). Following the death of his second wife Egon moved to the Pendean Home, West Lavington, where he died on 12 June 1980. He was survived by Judith and Sarah, his two daughters from his first marriage.

Acquisition

Received in four accessions: from the UCL Department of Statistics (now the Department of Statistical Science), Feb 1980, Sep 1981 and Nov 2013, and from the Pearson family in 1996. Some material was received as part of the Karl Pearson papers but had been moved to the Egon Pearson papers before the collection was catalogued in 2013-2014. There is no record of why this was done, but the origin of this material has been indicated in the relevant catalogue entries.

Arrangement

Arranged in 12 sections

AccessConditions

The papers are available subject to the usual conditions of access to Archives and Manuscripts material, after the completion of a Reader's Undertaking.

Related Material

UCL Special Collections also holds records relating to E S Pearson in the following collections:
The Karl Pearson papers (ref: PEARSON);
The Sharpe papers (ref: SHARPE);
Correspondence between E S Pearson and D J Finney (ref: MS ADD 380)

Additional material is held at Cambridge University Library, Department of Manuscripts and University Archives: Egon Pearson Cambridge Lecture notes (ref: MS.Add.7889)

FindingAids

A full, detailed catalogue is available online.

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StorageSite UCL Special Collections Title Egon Sharpe Pearson Papers Description Professional and personal papers and correspondence of Egon Sharpe Pearson, including lecture notes, lecture slides, class papers; statistical research papers; publications and drafts; records relating to the Department of Statistics; papers relating to the journal Biometrika; and papers relating to E S Pearson's collaborative work with Jerzy Neyman, Walter Shewhart, Florence Nightingale David and Herman Otto Hartley.

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1916 - 1973:

Sir Gavin Rylands De Beer was an academic specialising in embryology and genetics, with a varied career: he held roles including Director of the British Museum (Natural History) and President of the Linnean Society.

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1945, 1963 - 1985:

Cynthia Reynolds was an advisory teacher for the Inner London Education Authority (ILEA). Her work focused on child development and home economics.

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StorageSite

UCL Institute of Education

Title

Papers of Cynthia Reynolds (1928-2008)

Description

Papers regarding Cynthia Reynolds career as an advisory teacher for the Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) including, writings by Cynthia Reynolds, including reports for the ILEA and published writings, 1970-1983; papers regarding home economics curriculum development in secondary schools, 1945, 1968-1983, including sample syllabuses and exam papers from across the UK and overseas, development of in-service courses for teachers, ILEA publications and general files on curriculum development with reference to home economics; papers regarding the development for parenting courses in secondary schools, 1963-1985, including development within the ILEA, developments outside London and writings about parenting courses; Health and Nutrition education publications from the ILEA and other local education authorities, 1972-1985; ILEA lower school projects in home economics, 1979-1983; papers regarding home economics in further education, 1972-1985, including Reynolds MA dissertation; and general publications on home economics education.

AdminHistory

Marguerite Elizabeth Cynthia Reynolds was born on 21 November 1928. She was educated at The Lady Eleanor Holle School, Hampton, Middlesex and trained as a teacher at The National Society's Training College of Domestic Subjects, also known as Berridge House from 1946. After qualifying in 1949, Cynthia applied to the London County Council for a teaching placement and worked at Chelsea Secondary School until 1952. After a brief interlude at Ilfracombe Grammar School, Devon, she returned to London to teach at the Kingsway Day College, teaching 16-18 year olds who were already in employment. In 1956 she became the domestic science teacher at Twickenham County School, where she taught both cookery and needlework up to 'O' level and was promoted to the Head of the department. While at Twickenham she was granted a year's secondment to attend a new course at Battersea College of Education for serving teachers which led to a Diploma in Education, with special reference to Home Economics, validated by the University of London. After qualifying for her diploma in 1966, Cynthia returned to Twickenham until 1967 when she moved to Stockwell Manor School in Brixton as the Head of Department.

By 1970 the Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) had established Teachers Centres which provided in-service (INSET) education for ILEA teachers and had a team responsible for the development home economics. Maureen Walshe was the Staff Inspector of home economics and was responsible for 4 subject inspectors who were each responsible for a region of the ILEA; oversaw the wardens of the Teachers Centres; and were responsible for an subject area of home economics comprising, needlecraft; special education; health education; and child development. Patricia Searle, North & North West Inspector, was responsible for child development and oversaw the warden of Essendine Teachers Centre. Advisory teachers were also appointed to work with each subject inspector to help develop the different subject areas.

In the early 1970s there was a concern at government level over the cycle of deprivation and the need to educate the next generation of parents. In January 1971 Reynolds was appointed, with Honor Mason, as an ILEA Advisory Teacher, under the direction of Patricia Searle, to develop child care courses as part of Home Economics curriculum. Reynolds was based in the Essedine Home Economics Teachers Centre in West London while Mason was based in the Pitfield Street Home Economics Teacher Centre in East London.

Their first task involved making contacts by visiting schools outside London which were already running child care courses; contacting people working with children under 5 and visiting playgroups and nurseries. They each worked under a home economics inspector and with colleagues in health education. They also to made contacts with experts in child development at the Institute of Education and the Tavistock Institute. Two strands of work emerged from their initial research, firstly the development of the curriculum and a syllabus combined with practical experience, and secondly the creation in-service (INSET) education for teachers embarking on such courses.

By September 1971 they had set up several 'Child development and the family' pilot courses in ILEA schools. After surveying the existing materials it was decided there was a need to create a completely new course. Reynolds and Mason contacted Peter Weiss, Director of the Media Resources Centre (MRC), for help in creating teaching material, initially on the subject of child's play. They arranged a two-day workshop for teachers who were already teaching child development to discuss and decide the basic aims and format of the materials they needed. The first pack of teaching materials was introduced in 1972. Soon Reynolds was building up contacts with experts in the field of child development and pre-school education and wrote articles and gave talks to teachers. The ILEA was the first local authority to run courses in this scale, but later other authorities appointed similar advisory teachers. Her work was recognised as part of the Education for Parenthood project by the Department of Education and Skills.

The ILEA ran a number of INSET courses in the early 1970s located at London Teachers Centres which brought teachers in contact with experts in the 'under 5s' fields. They also provided weekend residential courses at The Manor House in Stoke D'Abernon; Dartford College of Education and the University of Kent.

By the late 1970s Reynolds became involved in other home economics projects those she continued to support the child development work. Other projects included a project to develop guidelines for home economics teaching pupils in the first two years of secondary education; other in-service courses for home economics teachers; and the development of the home economics curriculum for pupils at the end of their secondary education.

In 1974 Reynolds studied at the Department of Education, University of Southampton for a MA (Ed.) course. She wrote her dissertation on the history and development of the teaching of home economics, using her previous work experiences. After completion of her course, Reynolds returned to the ILEA. She continued to work for the ILEA until she retired in December 1983.

Publications: Teaching Child Development (London, 1973).

CustodialHistory

The collection comprises the personal copies of the work Reynolds had been involved in during her employment for the ILEA. Duplicates of all her work remained in the Essedine Home Economics Teachers Centre but may have been lost during the break-up of the ILEA. All the material regarding the history of domestic subjects was collected by Reynolds during research for her dissertation.

Acquisition

Given by Cynthia Reynolds in 1998.

Arrangement

Originally the collection was roughly arranged into several categories, home economics/home Economics Curriculum development; exam papers; health education; child development; degree courses including Reynolds' dissertation; reports/courses by Reynolds; ILEA lower school projects. These categories were retained though rearranged slightly and renamed. There were two categories of exam papers, general home economics and child development courses therefore they were placed under 'home economics curriculum development' and 'Preparation for Parenting' series.

AccessConditions

Open, subject to signature of Reader Application Form.

Related Material

The Archives also holds the papers of Brenda Francis (DC/BF) who was the Subject Inspector in the ILEA responsible for needlecraft.

FindingAids

Catalogued. Hard copy of catalogue is available in the searchroom and on request.

Show related Persons records.

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StorageSite UCL Institute of Education Title Papers of Cynthia Reynolds (1928-2008) Description Papers regarding Cynthia Reynolds career as an advisory teacher for the Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) including, writings by Cynthia Reynolds, including reports for the ILEA and published writings, 1970-1983; papers regarding home economics curriculum development in secondary

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1932 - 1990:

Dr Alex Comfort (1920 - 2000) was a British gerontologist, anarchist, pacifist and a prolific author of both fiction and non-fiction. He is most known for his book 'The Joy of Sex' (1972), though after it became a best seller he expressed frustration that it overshadowed his other work.

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StorageSite

UCL Special Collections

Description

Papers, 1937-c1990, of Alex Comfort, comprising:
A few personal and biographical items (1908-1985), including records relating to a trip to Argentina and Africa in 1936 a file of slides of India, 1962; petitions and pamphlets relating to Comfort's peace activism (1944-1961); research data, notebooks and laboratory records relating to Comfort's scientific research into the ageing process using molluscs, guppy fish and mammals (1937-1953); published and unpublished poetry, plays and novels, drafts of academic papers and talks, drafts and galley prints of fiction and non-fiction books (1935-1994); scripts for TV broadcasts (1963-1967); offprints of articles by Comfort (c1940s-1980s); files of incoming and some outgoing correspondence (1937-1990) scrapbooks of press cuttings of Comfort's work and comment on him; offprints by other authors and other collected reference material (1930s-1980s).

AdminHistory

Dr Alex Comfort (10 February 1920 - 26 March 2000) was a British gerontologist, anarchist, pacifist and a prolific author of both fiction and non-fiction. He is most known for his book 'The Joy of Sex' (1972), though after it became a best seller he expressed frustration that it overshadowed his other work.

Born in London in 1920, Alex Comfort was the only son of Alexander Charles Comfort, an education officer, and Daisy Elizabeth Fenner, a modern languages teacher. He was educated at Highgate School and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he read Natural Sciences (BA, 1943). He went on to accumulate a total of six degrees, including two PhDs.

His first publication, 'The Silver River' (1938), was published when he was 17 and still at school. It was a diary of a trip he had taken with his father to the South America and Africa during the summer of 1936. In 1941 he made his fiction debut with 'No Such Liberty' and several poetry collections. During the 1940s, Comfort drew some acclaim as a poet, playwright and novelist. He edited poetry journals and corresponded with authors including T S Eliot, Robert Greacer, Kenneth Patchen, Herbert Read and Evelyn Waugh. He also penned song lyrics, notably "Go Limp", co-written with folk musician Pete Seeger that was performed by Nina Simone in the mid-1960s. Though the focus of Comfort's work shifted more towards gerontology and sexual behaviour in later years, he continued to write poetry and fiction until the 1990s. His final his final novel was 'The Philosophers Stone' (1989), a satire of Thatcher's government set in the future, and a collection of his later poetry was published posthumously as 'Mikrokosmos', 1994.

Comfort's publications on anarchism and pacifism include 'Peace and Disobedience', one of the many pamphlets he wrote for 'Peace News' and the Peace Pledge Union (PPU), and 'Delinquency in the Modern State'(1950). The themes of war and politics also feature in much of his poetry and fiction. Comfort was a conscientious objector during World War II and an active member of pacifist organisations including the PPU, Science for Peace, and Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). He exchanged public correspondence with George Orwell, defending pacifism ('Tribune' magazine, 1943). In 1961 Comfort served time in prison with Bertrand Russell and other members of the anti-war group The Committee of 100 for refusing to be bound over to keep the peace prior to a Ban The Bomb demonstration in Trafalgar Square. Throughout his career, Comfort was a regular columnist and contributor to the letters pages in newspapers.

His medical career began at Cambridge and the London Hospital Medical School, qualifying during 1944 (MB BChir, LRCP, MRCS). In 1949 he completed a PhD in Biochemistry (London), based on the pigmentation of Mollusc shells. He then began a twenty year association with University College London (UCL) joining the Zoology department as an Honorary Research Associate (1951-1965) and then becoming Director of Research in Gerontology (1966-1973). While at UCL, Comfort conducted ground breaking research into ageing patterns in guppy fish and mammals. Comfort's theories on the aging process are expressed in 'Biology of Senescence' (1954) and 'The Process of Aging' (1964), along with a large number of academic papers. In 1969 he became President of the British Society for Research on Ageing. During the 1970s and 80s he focussed primarily on geriatric medicine and campaigned for improvements in geriatric care. His book 'A Good Age' (1976) was manual for living well in older age, aimed at the general public.

Comfort became a regular guest on radio and TV panel shows and gained some notoriety. In 1963 he caused outrage by suggesting on a BBC television programme that that "chivalrous" 15-year-old boys should go out with a condom in their pocket. His published works on sexual behaviour and morality included 'Barbarism And Sexual Freedom' (1948) and 'Sexual Behaviour In Society (1950)', which was revised as 'Sex In Society' (1963). In 1962, he visited India, which led to him publishing a translation of the Sanskrit erotological mediaeval classic, 'The Koka Shastra', in 1964. Then in the 1972, came Comfort's own manual on sex, 'The Joy of Sex'. Originally intended as a textbook for medical students, 'The Joy of Sex' and its sequels became widely translated international best sellers.

In 1974 Comfort moved to California to take up a Fellowship at the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions at Santa Barbara. The Center soon closed, but Comfort remained on the west coast in a series of medical and academic posts, including Clinical Lecturer at Stanford University, (1974-1983; Professor, Department of Pathology, University of California School of Medicine, Irvine (1976-1978); Consultant psychiatrist, Brentwood Veterans Hospital, Los Angeles (1978-1981); Adjunct Professor, Neuropsychiatric Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, from 1980 and Consultant, Ventura County Hospital (Medical Education), from 1981.

In 1985 Comfort retired to England. In 1991 he suffered severe cerebral haemorrhage which left him partially disabled. He died in Banbury, Oxfordshire, in 2000. Alex Comfort was married twice, to Ruth Harris, (1943-1973; divorced) and to Jane Henderson (1973 to her death in 1991). He had one son, Nicholas Comfort, born in 1946.

Acquisition

The papers, one deposit received in 1973 and the second, made by Nicholas Comfort on behalf of his father, in 1992, were deposited on permanent loan.

Arrangement

Alex Comfort worked on diverse projects at the same time and did not categorise his work by subject. He filed both his correspondence and newspaper cuttings in chronological order. The structure of the catalogue aims to reflect Comfort's holistic approach to his work while grouping records to make them accessible to researchers.

Some Biographical and Personal items are listed first (Section A). Then the bulk of the records are arranged in 3 sections reflecting Comfort's key areas of activity:
B. Activism
C. Scientific Research
D. Writings and Broadcasts
and a further 3 sections based on record type:
E. Correspondence
F. Newspaper Scrapbooks
G. Collected Reference Material

These Sections are arranged broadly in date order so as to reflect how the focus of Comfort's work shifted over time. Within the Sections, records are arranged chronologically by activity. Drafts of books are listed in order of publication, for example.

The correspondence in this collection came to UCL arranged in two distinct series, A and B. These series have been retained, with correspondence files arranged in roughly chronological order within them. There are also smaller, subject based series of correspondence.

Offprints of Comfort's work (D/8) and offprints and other reference material by other authors (Section G) are largely unsorted.

AccessStatus

Certain restrictions apply

AccessConditions

A small number of records are restricted or closed in compliance with GDPR. The majority of the collection is available subject to the usual conditions of access to Archives and Manuscripts material, after the completion of a Reader's Undertaking. Please see the detailed catalogued for full information.

Related Material

University College London Special Collections also holds letters from George Orwell to Alex Comfort, 1942-1943 (Ref: ORWELL/G/1/10), letters to Alex Comfort from Os and Margaret Marron, 1945-1946 (Ref: MS ADD 111); a letter from Hugh Harris, 1953, one from Robert Greacen, 1965, and one from Philip O'Connor, 1968 (Ref: MS ADD 160); a letter from A C Boyd and reply by Comfort, 1956 (Ref: MS ADD 195); a letter to Comfort from Herbert Read, 1943 (Ref: MS MISC 4R); galley proof of Robert Greacen's 'Even Without Irene', 1968, including a description of Comfort (Ref: MS MISC 5G); various fiction and non-fiction publications by Alex Comfort.

State University of New York College at Buffalo holds correspondence and literary papers.

URLDescription

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/dec/28/stop-calling-me-doctor-sex-comfort

FindingAids

A card index to personal and corporate names for the first deposit available at University College London Special Collections.

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StorageSite UCL Special Collections Description Papers, 1937-c1990, of Alex Comfort, comprising:A few personal and biographical items (1908-1985), including records relating to a trip to Argentina and Africa in 1936 a file of slides of India, 1962; petitions and pamphlets relating to Comfort's peace activism (1944-1961); research data, notebooks and laboratory

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Records of the Centre for Longitudinal Studies

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Records of the Centre for Longitudinal Studies

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1958 - 2013:

Longitudinal studies follow the same group of participants (or 'cohort') over a long period, possibly their whole lives, gathering data on each individual participant in that cohort at regular intervals. In this way, longitudinal studies are particularly useful for highlighting the factors that influence people's health and development throughout life, particularly with regard to socioeconomic factors.

The Centre has four key studies so far: the 1958 National Child Development Study, the 1970 British Cohort Study, the Millennium Cohort Study and Next Steps, previously known as the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England.

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The 1958 National Child Development Study (NCDS) is following the lives of around 17,000 people born in England, Scotland and Wales in a single week in 1958. The study began as the Perinatal Mortality Survey, designed to examine why there were so many stillbirths, so many babies dying within weeks o…

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Can't visit us in person? No problem - our digitised collections are growing all the time, and are a great place to start getting a taste of what we look after!

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Information about how to access our material and book an appointment to view it

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Anyone who has a need to consult the collections is welcome to do so; we are open to the public as well as academics and students.

Opening Hours

General information

All three of our reading rooms are now open, full details below. Safety procedures including increased cleaning will be in place to provide safe access to the collections. You are no longer required to wear a face covering when you visit our reading rooms on the UCL campus. A face mask is recommended when visiting our reading room at The National Archives.

Opening hours

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Before your visit

It is essential to book in advance to make sure of a reading room place and check that the items requested are available. See details below.

Our collection items should be handled with great care to minimise the risk of damage. If you are new to handling rare materials, or if you would like a refresher, please watch our General Handling Guidelines video tutorial along with the tutorials for the material you require ahead of your visit.

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The Reader Services and Enquiry Team for UCL Special Collections is based at the reading room at the South Junction of the Wilkins Building on the main UCL Gower Street campus.

There is a second reading room at The National Archives (TNA) in Kew, Richmond, where the majority of our collections are housed. The UCL Reader Services team manages appointments for both sites.

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View our online self-guided tour which covers how to search our collections, book an appointment, and find our reading rooms.

Information for visitors to UCL Special Collections

UCL Special Collections is reference only. In order to use our collections, an appointment must be made with us first, at least two weeks prior to the date of your proposed visit. Please do not make any travel or accommodation arrangements until we have confirmed your appointment. We are not able to accommodate drop-in visits.

UCL Special Collections material is held at the following sites:

The UCL campus in Bloomsbury

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The IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society

There is one enquiry and reader service for UCL material held at the Bloomsbury campus and TNA, and a separate service for the IOE. To arrange a visit, contact us by email, telephone or post to enquire about our collections and to make an appointment: contact us.

Please quote the collection name, reference number or shelf-mark of the item(s) you wish to see.

We will let you know the location at which you will be viewing the material and send you all the necessary information for your visit when confirming your appointment.

For guidelines on the use of the reading rooms and to know what to expect, please read our 'Guidelines on using a UCL Special Collections Reading Room'.

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For information relating to photography and publication please read our guidance: photography and publication.

If for any reason you are unable to attend your appointment(s), please let us know so we can offer your appointment to someone else.

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Anyone who has a need to consult the collections is welcome to do so; we are open to the public as well as academics and students. All three of our reading rooms are now open, full details below. Safety procedures including increased cleaning will be in place to provide safe access to the collections.

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All the information you'll need about what we hold, the work we do and how to access our material

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Our new Main Library exhibition "Hidden in Plain Sight: Liberating our Library Collections" is now open! The exhibition is free and open to members of the public.

The following was adapted from text written by Erika Delbecque and Tabitha Tuckett for the 2023 exhibition catalogue Hidden in Plain Sight: Liberating our Library Collections, which will be available online at the end of March. The Main Library exhibition Hidden in Plain Sight will also be opening at the end of March. Keep an eye out for an opening date announcement coming soon!

Leah Johnston, Cataloguing Archivist (Records), explores documents in the College Archives relating to the history of UCL's Wilkins Building

This post was written by Dr Shirin Hirsch, who was one of the 2022 UCL RIC Visiting Fellows.

Bengali lives are at risk whilst they are at Morpeth - we are punched, kicked and spat on. Enough is enough.

The New Curators Project is an annual programme run by UCL Special Collections and Newham Heritage Month. It offers 10 young adults in East London the chance to develop the skills and experience needed to start a career in the cultural heritage sector.

George Bellas Greenough inherited a fortune at the age of 16 and, as a rich man in his 20s, decided to devote his life to the study of geology. He is best-known for his Geological Map of England and Wales, published in 1820, which used new data and an innovative colouring system to highlight deposits of different types of rocks and minerals. He later became a controversial figure due to his clashes with William Smith, another geologist who had also made a very similar geological map at almost exactly the same time.

UCL Special Collections and the UCL Research Institute for Collections are delighted to announce that we have appointed two inaugural RIC Visiting Fellows. The Fellowship programme is an opportunity for external researchers to visit UCL for up to six weeks to conduct research on a topic centred on our holdings of archives, rare books, and records.

This blog was written by Katie Meheux.

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Our new Main Library exhibition "Hidden in Plain Sight: Liberating our Library Collections" is now open! The exhibition is free and open to members of the public. The following was adapted from text written by Erika Delbecque and Tabitha Tuckett for the 2023 exhibition catalogue Hidden in Plain Sight: Liberating our Library Collections, which will be available online at the end of March.

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1798 - 1923
Papers of Sir Edwin Chadwick. Chadwick was instrumental in reforming the Poor Laws of England and campaigned for better sanitation and public health.

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StorageSite

UCL Special Collections

Description

Papers, 1798-1923, of Sir Edwin Chadwick. Over half of the collection consists of correspondence dating from around 1820, but most of the letters were written after 1834. Some of the earliest papers in the collection are notes on the police. There are papers relating to Chadwick's service as Secretary of the Poor Law Commission, including material on his troubled relationship with the Poor Law Commissioners and his unsuccessful attempts to be made a Commissioner. There is a good deal of material on public health and sanitation. There are also drafts and notes for many of his published writings to do with the reform of central and local government and military training and education.

AdminHistory

Chadwick was admitted to the Middle Temple in 1823. In 1832 he was appointed Assistant Commissioner to the Poor Law Enquiry and the following year Royal Commissioner to the same Enquiry, and to enquire into the employment of children in factories. In 1834 he was appointed Secretary to the Poor Law Commission, and in 1836 Royal Commissioner to enquire into a rural constabulary. In 1842 Chadwick published the 'Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population' (known as the "Sanitary Report"). In 1847 he lost his position as Secretary of the Poor Law Commission, but was appointed Royal Commissioner on London sanitation, and Metropolitan Commissioner of Sewers. In 1848 he was created CB and was appointed Commissioner to the General Board of Health. He resigned from the Metropolitan Commission of Sewers in 1849 and from the General Board of Health in 1854. In 1857 he became interested in standing for Parliament and in 1859 stood as candidate for Evesham. In 1865 he stood as candidate for London University but withdrew before the poll. In 1868 he stood for Kilmarknock Burghs. He was created KCB in 1889. See also S E Finer, 'The life and times of Sir Edwin Chadwick' (London, 1952).

CustodialHistory

The Chadwick papers were received by University College in 1892, at the same time as Thomas Whittaker was finishing his report on the Bentham papers. Whittaker included the Chadwick papers in his report but not in such great detail. He selected a small number of papers (1), including the draft of Bentham's will, as important enough to place with the more valuable Bentham papers in the General Library. Those papers he saw that he deemed less valuable (2) were placed with the less valuable Bentham manuscripts in the cellars. The bulk of the Chadwick papers (3), stored in 9 large tin boxes, were not catalogued at all by Whittaker and placed by themselves in the cellars. Classes (1) and (2) were moved to the new strongroom in 1911 with the Bentham papers, and the tin trunks were moved with them in 1914.

Acquisition

Presented in March 1898 by the executrix of Chadwick's friend and biographer Sir Benjamin Ward Richardson.

Arrangement

This collection is divided into papers and correspondence. A running number system has been used.

AccessConditions

The papers are available subject to the usual conditions of access to Archives and Manuscripts material, after the completion of a Reader's Undertaking.

Related Material

Some of Chadwick's papers on the Poor Law were among a group of the papers of Jeremy Bentham which Chadwick bequeathed to UCL and were transferred to the Library in 1892. A further group of letters to Chadwick were presented to the Library by Marion Chadwick in 1919. Both of these groups were added to the Bentham papers already in the Library and now form part of the Bentham papers (ref: BENTHAM).
University College London Special Collections also holds an undated fragment of a letter from Chadwick to an unnamed correspondent on the labouring classes [c1872] (Ref: MS MISC 3C); a letter to Chadwick from George Grote, 1838 (Ref: MS MISC 2G); inscriptions from Florence Nightingale to Chadwick [1859], 1871 (Ref: S.R.E.950.N4, S.R.E.950.N41); letters from Chadwick on University College London business, 1833 (Ref: COLLEGE CORRESPONDENCE 2826, 2903); books and 16 boxes of pamphlets (c500 items in total) collected by Chadwick and relating to his interests.

FindingAids

A partial catalogue is available online. A more detailed list, including a name index is available: 'The papers of Sir Edwin Chadwick (1800-1890)', compiled by Janet Percival (The Library, University College London, Occasional Publication no 3, 2nd edition, 1983). Please contact Special Collections for further information.

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StorageSite UCL Special Collections Description Papers, 1798-1923, of Sir Edwin Chadwick. Over half of the collection consists of correspondence dating from around 1820, but most of the letters were written after 1834. Some of the earliest papers in the collection are notes on the police.

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British Association for Childhood Education 

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British Association for Childhood Education 

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1908 - 1976:
Material relating to childhood health and development

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StorageSite

UCL Institute of Education

Title

British Association for Early Childhood Education

Description

Papers of the National Society of Children's Nurseries, 1908 - 1973, including NSCN policy documents and detailed reports on child education, 1914 - 1950; minutes of the Council, 1928 - 1973; minutes of the Executive Committee, 1935 - 1959 and 1970 - 1973; minutes of the Finance Committee, 1919 - 1939; minutes of the Training Committee, 1942 - 1946; minutes of the Creche Committee, 1908 - 1934; minutes of Honorary Secretary's meetings, and meetings of representatives of affiliated nurseries and homes, 1921 - 1939; minutes of the Advisory Board, 1941 - 1944; records of the Group Committee on the Training of Nursery Nurses, 1942 - 1945; Examiners' minutes, 1943 - 1946; minutes of the Sub-Committee on the syllabus for the Child Welfare Course, 1946; minutes of the Editorial Committee, [1946] - 1958 and 1969 - 1971; minutes of the Policy Sub-Committee, 1968 - 1970; minutes of the Conference Sub-Committee, 1961 - 1965; papers of the Policy Statement Sub-Committee, 1962 - 1963; reports of Annual General Meetings, 1930 - 1950; Press cuttings, 1940 - 1941, relating to NSCN and individual nurseries; NSCN pamphlets, 1960 - 1973; correspondence, 1973, relating to the winding up of the NSCN; account books, 1948 - 1964, and petty cash books, 1954 - 1966; register of members, 1932 - 1965; attendance register of Executive meetings, 1970 - 1973.
Papers of the Nursery School Association of Great Britain and Ireland, [1920] - 1967, including material deposited by Grace Owen, former Secretary of the NSA, 1923 - 1948, notably papers from local groups, [1920 - 1939], correspondence with individuals and organisations, 1921 - 1925, NSA notes, correspondence and publications, 1925 - 1948, and correspondence to Owen from individual members, the National Union of Teachers and the NSCN, 1927 - 1935; correspondence and memoranda relating to the Slum Clearance Campaign, 1933 - 1934; minutes of the Executive Committee, 1940 - 1976; minutes of the Annual Meetings and Delegate Council, 1942 - 1947, and Delegate Council minutes, 1948 - 1964; minutes of the Finance Committee, 1936 - 1960; minutes of the Buildings Advisory Committee, 1943 - 1968; minutes of the Course and Conference Committees, 1936 - 1967; minutes of the Joint Committee of Council of Superintendents and Head Teachers of Infant Schools, 1937 - 1944; minutes of the Teacher's Council, 1945 - 1954; minutes of the Medical Advisory Committee, 1944 - 1971; minutes of the Education Sub-Committee, 1937 - 1938; minutes of the Evacuation Sub-Committee, 1938 - 1939; Nursery Centre Scheme Committee, 1941; Silver Jubilee Committee, 1948 - 1950; Private Nurseries Committee, 1954 - 1962; minutes of the Publications Committee, 1936 - 1967; NSA Annual Reports, 1929 - 1973; research documents on child development, 1920, 1947 - 1950 and 1972; NSA pamphlets, 1930 - 1964; NSA newsletters and newsheets, 1941 - 1974; material relating to Rommany Road Nursery School, West Norwood, 1919 - 1968, including minutes, legal documents and correspondence.

AdminHistory

The National Society of Children's Nurseries (NSCN), originally known as the National Society of Day Nurseries (NSDN), was founded in 1906 (the name was changed in 1942). Until 1928 it was closely linked with the National League for Physical Education and Improvement (known from 1918 until its dissolution in 1928 as the National League for Health, Maternity and Child Welfare). The Nursery School Association of Great Britain and Ireland (NSA) was founded in 1923. In 1973, it merged with the NSCN to form the British Association for Early Childhood Education (BAECE).

CustodialHistory

Papers of the National Society of Children's Nurseries were deposited in 1974 by the Society. Papers of the Nursery School Association of Great Britain and Ireland were deposited in 1980 by the BAECE. The records of the BAECE are retained by the BAECE.

Arrangement

This collection is arranged in 25 sections:
NATIONAL SOCIETY OF CHILDREN'S NURSERIES
1. Early Documents, c 1910 - 1950.
2. Council Minutes, 1928 - 1973.
3. Executive Committee Minutes, 1935 - 1959.
4. Finance Committee Minutes, 1919 - 1939.
5. Training Committee Minutes, 1942 - 1946.
6. Creche Committee Minutes, 1908 - 1934.
7. Other Committees, 1921 - 1973.
8. Annual General Meetings, 1930 - 1950.
9. Press Cuttings and Reports, 1940 - 1960.
10. Pamphlets and Correspondence, 1960 - 1973.
11. Accounts, 1948 - 1966.
12. Registers, 1932 - 1973.
NURSERY SCHOOL ASSOCIATION
13. Early Documents, c 1900 - 1948.
14. Executive Committee, 1940 - 1976.
15. Delegate Council Minutes, 1942 - 1964.
16. Finance Committee Minutes, 1936 - 1960.
17. Buildings Advisory Committee Minutes, 1943 - 1968.
18. Course and Conference Committees Minutes, 1936 - 1967.
19. Teacher's Council Minutes, 1937 - 1954.
20. Medical Committee Minutes, 1944 - 1971.
21. Other Committees, 1937 - 1967.
22. Annual Reports, 1920 - 1973.
23. Research, 1920 - 1972.
24. Pamphlets and Other Publications, 1930 - 1974.
25. Rommany Road Nursery School Records, 1919 - 1968.

AccessStatus

Restricted access

AccessConditions

Please contact the Archives regarding access to this collection

FindingAids

Partial catalogue available.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
StorageSite UCL Institute of Education Title British Association for Early Childhood Education Description Papers of the National Society of Children's Nurseries, 1908 - 1973, including NSCN policy documents and detailed reports on child education, 1914 - 1950; minutes of the Council, 1928 - 1973; minutes of the Executive Committee, 1935