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One way for early settlers to go west was through the Cumberland Gap and Virginia meet. American Indians used this pass long before Daniel Boone showed up. He was one of the first pioneers to travel through it.

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In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase, doubling the size of the United States. This huge territory stretched from the city of New Orleans to Canada, and from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.

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Early Immigrants in the U. S. included many groups from Britain and other parts of Europe. The Scots-Irish, also called Ulster Scots, came from what is now Northern Ireland.

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Shawnee Indian chief Tecumseh talked other American Indian tribes into joining forces to stop the settlers from pushing them off their land. The British in Canada helped him. This alliance was one reason the United States and Britain fought the War of 1812.