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the advertisement will feature 3 boys sitting in a beadroom making a number of sexis coments and phrasing them as jokes. lines such as "women belong in the kitchen" and such are thrown around and all 3 laugh. eventually one says something that gives another pause and he asks the first if he is joking. the boy replies that he is dead serious and it becomes apparent that he has been dead serious the entire conversation, horrifying the other two, a tag line will appear saying "it's just a joke, until it isn't". and a link to my website will appear.

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I chose to use purple as the primary colour for my project as it is internationally recognised as the color representing domestic violence, which ties into my message. using Adobe a greenish yellow was selected as a complementary colour.

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I think most of my target audience will be dismissive of my issue before seeing my add, therefore i want them to be less dismissive or better still concerned about the issue.

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my mind map made to explore my ideas surrounding this issue

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this article further expands on what was discussed in article 3 while also delving much more into exactly how Andrew Tate spacificaly sells these misogynistic beliefs as ok. it looks at his programs and how he draws people into them.
Vox.com, How Andrew Tate sells men o toxic masculinity, viewed March 20 2023,
<https://www.vox.com/culture/2023/1/10/23547393/andrew-tate-toxic-masculinity-qa>

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While espousing motivational messages about fitness and financial well-being, controversial influencer Andrew Tate is also a self-described misogynist who advocates male supremacy and celebrates violence against women. Even though he's been banned from TikTok, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube, he's gained a massive online following from video clips posted by fans that garner millions of views and shares. On Twitter, he has more than 4 million followers.

The 36-year-old American-born, British-raised former kickboxing champion was arrested on December 29 in Bucharest, Romania, on charges of rape and human trafficking. Tate employed as many as 75 women in a webcam business; some have accused him of imprisoning them and forcing them to perform sex work. Many of his fans are expressing support for his plight, arguing that Tate is a positive force on men and that the Romanian government is trying to silence him for telling the truth. Tate has encouraged that view. As he was being led away in handcuffs, he could be heard telling cameras that "the Matrix has attacked me," and he tweeted, "It seems every generation's great revolutionaries suffer from unfair imprisonment."

Tate is just one of many figures who make up the "manosphere," an internet ecosystem that combines self-improvement advice with casual and sometimes violent misogyny. Robert Lawson, an associate professor in sociolinguistics at Birmingham City University in the UK and author of the forthcoming Language and Mediated Masculinities, studies how men communicate with each other online. He spoke to Today, Explained 's Noel King about why Tate appeals to some misogynistic men today.

Below is an excerpt of the conversation between Lawson and King, edited for length and clarity. There's much more in the full podcast, so listen to Today, Explained wherever you get your podcasts, including Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, , and .

Noel King

When did you become aware of Andrew Tate? Do you remember when this guy crossed your radar?

Robert Lawson

I'm interested in language and masculinity, particularly in media spaces. And so unfortunately, through my line of research, I have to spend time on the less enjoyable, less pleasant parts of the internet. So I spend time on manosphere subreddits, manosphere blogs, forums, and so on, trying to understand how masculinity gets configured and understood in these places. I think it was in one of those forays that Tate originally popped up, and it would probably have just been something that was linked to a Jordan Peterson video or a Ben Shapiro video or a Steven Crowder video. This is what's occasionally called the "intellectual dark web." YouTube's algorithms put it through to my front page.

From there, what YouTube's algorithms do and a lot of other social media sites do: They start to feed you more of the same content. The idea is to drive engagement, and to drive ad views in particular. It becomes a really dangerous pathway from one form of content that might seem fairly innocuous to potentially more extremist and more radical content.

I was interested in why this guy was so popular. What is it that he's selling that people are buying? If you go on any YouTube video of him at all and you read the comments under the video, they're almost all universally positive, praising Tate for how insightful, how brave, how inspirational he is. There's very few dissenting voices on those YouTube comments.

Noel King

As you listened to Andrew Tate, talk to me about where your mind went on the question of: This man appeals to millions of people - why?

Robert Lawson

I think that he is so seductive to such a big audience because the image of masculinity that he sells is one that's very rooted in traditional male characteristics. He's very big on this idea of the alpha male, the man that's in control, that always knows what he's doing, that always gets what he wants, that has everyone waiting [on] them hand and foot, and this idea that he's infallible. I think some men can see that as a particularly attractive trait, but he's also big on conspicuous consumption. He lives a very jet-set lifestyle: fast cars, private planes, mansions, expensive holidays away.

And then he has really traditional and, to my mind, outdated views about what a relationship should look like, and what the role of men and women in those relationships should be: The man is not just the protector but the patriarch, the provider. What he says goes, it's his way or the highway; women are only there to attend to the house, to look after the kids, to really be in service of the relationship. I think my immediate reaction was probably one of sadness that this is the image of masculinity that sells.

Noel King

What is it about the society that we're living in in 2023 that makes Andrew Tate acceptable and attractive to millions of men?

Robert Lawson

One of the best accounts that I've read as to why young men in particular find this articulation of masculinity and someone like Tate advocating for it is Michael Kimmel's idea of aggrieved entitlement. It's based on the idea that over the course of the last 20 to 30 years, the world has changed in a way that has decentered primarily young, white men, and they've moved from the center of society to the margins of society.

Someone like Tate is attractive because he recenters young white men in a really obvious and very explicit way and basically says, "You're important, you're needed, your masculinity is needed to fight against all of the changes that are happening in the world. The world is no longer for you or wants to invest in you." No longer are women reliant on men financially or emotionally. Someone like Tate basically says we will fight against that, by reclaiming this sense of primal, traditional masculinity. And that's a story that goes all the way back to even the 1980s.

"Tate is a Hollywood form of masculinity, but it's one that is as deep as a puddle"

A lot of what Tate is saying in some sense isn't actually new. It's a rearticulation of a crisis of masculinity discourse that we see back in the 1970s, back in the 1980s, through the men's movement led by people like Robert Bly and so on, where there was a sense of reconnecting with your own masculinity as a way of fixing the world. He's only another entry in a long line of other men who have done something similar.

Noel King

Does your research show us anything about whether these young men who are impressed or seduced by Andrew Tate are fundamentally hateful people? Are they fundamentally misogynist, or are they unmoored young men who are being taken for a ride by a misogynist con artist?

Robert Lawson

Someone like Tate tries to normalize misogyny. He makes it seem socially acceptable. He wraps it up in a discourse of rationality: "This is just the way that the world is. This is just the way that people are." I don't think we can say that the men that engage with this content are fundamentally misogynistic. It might be that through a process of repeated engagement with his content, of posting on forums about him or on Twitter or on YouTube comments or whatever, that they may be nudged toward these positions. But that's what a lot of radicalization looks like: taking someone from one position and gradually moving them along that path of radicalization, where viewpoints which initially seemed extreme become normalized.

Noel King

So the question then becomes, if not Andrew Tate, then what? We want to do better than this man. Where should young men be able to go if they want optimism and strength and attention to men's issues, if we can call them that, but without the misogyny, without the hatred of women?

Robert Lawson

So first and foremost, I would say that young men shouldn't be looking at social media personalities for what it is to be a man. They're much better off looking within their local communities, their families, and their friendship networks to emulate masculinities that they find supportive, nurturing, and healthy. Places like community groups are really important spaces for young men to meet other men that they can look up to and that they can be mentored by. For those young men who are really struggling with their own sense of masculinity and what it is to be a man, things like counseling can be really helpful, and I don't think there's anything wrong with seeking those kinds of forms of support out.

As far as the manosphere goes, I have hopes - not high hopes but some hopes - of what a more progressive manosphere may look like, one that's free of the misogyny and the anti-feminist stances that we see in a lot of manosphere spaces. Whether that will actually come to pass is an open question. But Tate sells this really romanticized, and to me quite superficial, idea of what it is to be a man. I know loads of men. I don't know anybody who acts or talks or behaves like Andrew Tate. Tate is a Hollywood form of masculinity, but it's one that is as deep as a puddle. There's no substance. The men that I look up to - people like my dad, teachers I had in school, instructors I had when I was in my youth groups - those are the men that have given me the biggest lessons of my life. Those are the men that I will continue to look up to and learn from. And there's men out there like that that other young men can aspire to be like and look up to and learn from and be guided by. But I don't think Andrew Tate is the one that we should be putting up on a pedestal.

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How Andrew Tate sells men on toxic masculinity

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Sociolinguist Robert Lawson explains why Tate's brand of grotesque misogyny appeals to millions of men.

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this article is valuable because it discusses the ways in which men, especially young men are being radicalised into misogynistic views. understanding why these young men think the ways they do and how they came to think that way will be important in ensuring the message is received as intended by my target audience.  if my video mis represents the behaviors of the people whose minds i am trying to change the message will not be is impactful.
the Guardian.com, Inside the violent, misogynistic world of TikTok's new star Andrew Tate, Viewed March 20 2023,
<https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/aug/06/andrew-tate-violent-misogynistic-world-of-tiktok-new-star>

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Andrew Tate says women belong in the home, can't drive, and are a man's property.

He also thinks rape victims must "bear responsibility" for their attacks and dates women aged 18-19 because he can "make an imprint" on them, according to videos posted online.

In other clips, the British-American kickboxer - who poses with fast cars, guns and portrays himself as a cigar-smoking playboy - talks about hitting and choking women, trashing their belongings and stopping them from going out.

"It's bang out the machete, boom in her face and grip her by the neck. Shut up bitch," he says in one video, acting out how he'd attack a woman if she accused him of cheating. In another, he describes throwing a woman's things out of the window. In a third, he calls an ex-girlfriend who accused him of hitting her - an allegation he denies - a "dumb hoe".

Tate's views have been described as extreme misogyny by domestic abuse charities, capable of radicalising men and boys to commit harm offline.

But the 35-year-old is not a fringe personality lurking in an obscure corner of the dark web. Instead, he is one of the most famous figures on TikTok, where videos of him have been watched 11.6 billion times.

Styled as a self-help guru, offering his mostly male fans a recipe for making money, pulling girls and "escaping the matrix", Tate has gone in a matter of months from near obscurity to one of the most talked about people in the world. In July, there were more Google searches for his name than for Donald Trump or Kim Kardashian.

His rapid surge to fame was not by chance. Evidence obtained by the Observer shows that followers of Tate are being told to flood social media with videos of him, choosing the most controversial clips in order to achieve maximum views and engagement.

The coordinated effort, involving thousands of members of Tate's private online academy Hustler's University and a network of copycat accounts on TikTok, has been described by experts as a "blatant attempt to manipulate the algorithm" and artificially boost his content. In less than three months, the strategy has earned him a huge following online and potentially made him millions of pounds, with 127,000 members now paying the £39 a month to join Hustler's University community, many of them men and boys from the UK and US.

Yet despite much of the content appearing to break TikTok's rules, which explicitly ban misogyny and copycat accounts, the platform appears to have done little to limit Tate's spread or ban the accounts responsible. Instead, it has propelled him into the mainstream - allowing clips of him to proliferate, and actively promoting them to young users.

TikToker Andrew Tate's money-making misogyny - video

Raised on an estate in Luton, the son of a catering assistant and chess master, Tate has long been making headlines for stirring controversy. Through his 20s he worked as a TV producer while training as a kickboxer at the local gym, going on to fight professionally and win world titles.

In 2016, his public-facing career appeared to be over when it had barely begun, when after being cast in Big Brother he was ejected from the house over a video of him hitting a woman with a belt. A second video emerged shortly afterwards, in which he is shown telling a woman to count the bruises he apparently caused to her. Both Tate and the women denied any abuse occurred, and said the clips showed consensual sex.

More controversy followed. Posts containing homophobic and racial slurs were found on his Twitter page. Then in September 2017, he was criticised by mental health charities for saying depression "isn't real". The next month he waded in on #MeToo, saying women should "bear some responsibility" for being raped - a view he has since repeated and which, among other incidents, led to him being barred from Twitter.

The backlash won Tate work and boosted his profile. He appeared on InfoWars, the podcast of conspiracy theorist Alex Jones; was pictured with far-right YouTuber Paul Joseph Watson and met Donald Trump Jr at Trump Tower, posting on Facebook afterwards: "The tate family support trump FULLY. MAGA!"

Andrew Tate with Nigel Farage, posted on Facebook in March 2019. Photograph: Emory Andrew Tate/Facebook

In the UK, meanwhile, he mingled with arch-Brexiter Nigel Farage, Facebook photos show and spoke of ties with the anti-Islam activist Stephen Yaxley-Lennon, known as Tommy Robinson. Tate describes Yaxley-Lennon in a podcast as a "solid guy" with a "good heart" whom he has "hung out with untold times". In 2019, police were called after Tate showed up at the house of Mike Stuchbery, a journalist who had been critical about him online, days after Yaxley-Lennon did the same thing. The incident caused Stuchbery's wife to suffer a panic attack and played a role in them leaving the UK for Germany.

Long before his rise to TikTok fame, Tate's views on women were also becoming clear. On Facebook in 2018, he bemoaned the "decline of Western civilisation" after seeing a poster at Heathrow airport "encouraging girls to go on holiday as opposed to encouraging being a loving mother and a loyal wife".

He also openly discussed being accused of violence against several women, although he is not understood to have ultimately been charged with any offences apart from a driving offence in 2018. In one interview, Tate describes an incident where a woman knocked a phone out of his hand in a club, and a man punched him, so they started wrestling. In the tussle he accidentally hit the woman and broke her jaw, he says.

In another video, he says he has been investigated by police for allegedly abusing a woman, which he denied, in a case where he had his house raided, devices confiscated and was held in a cell for two days.

Around the time UK police were investigating abuse allegations, Tate is understood to have left the UK for Romania. In one video explaining his reasons for the move he suggested it was because it would be easier to evade rape charges. This is "probably 40% of the reason" he moved there, he says in one video, adding: "I'm not a rapist, but I like the idea of just being able to do what I want. I like being free."

Yet more allegations would follow. In January, the Daily Mirror reported that Tate and his brother Tristan were "raking in millions from webcam sites where men hand over a fortune as they fall for models' fake sob stories" - something they themselves described as a "total scam".

Then in April, the brothers' mansion was raided by police following a tip-off from the US embassy that a 21-year-old American woman was being held against her will. The Tates were taken in for questioning before being released and deny wrongdoing. The Romanian authorities said last week that the investigation, later expanded to cover human trafficking and rape allegations, was ongoing.

Amid the drama offline, online Tate's content took off. Since January, repackaged videos from interviews with Tate over the years have been attracting millions of views on TikTok. But in recent weeks, this growth has accelerated. In August so far alone, clips tagged with his name have been watched more than a billion times.

I inflict, I expect, absolute loyalty from my woman. I ain't having my chicks talking to other dudes

Andrew Tate

The posts do not come from Tate himself, who does not appear to be active on the platform, but from hundreds of accounts, often using his name and photo, run by his followers - members of Hustler's University. Members, including boys as young as 13, are told they can earn up to £10,000 a month through lessons on crypto investing, drop shipping and by recruiting others to Hustler's University, earning 48% commission for each person they refer.

To have the best chance of getting people to sign up, they are advised to stoke controversy to improve their chances of going viral.

In one guide, Hustler's University "students" are told that attracting "comments and controversy" is the key to success: "What you ideally want is a mix of 60-70% fans and 40-30% haters. You want arguments, you want war."

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Many Tate videos appear, at first glance, to be harmless, even funny. In his trademark straight-talking style, he derides men who drink tap water instead of sparkling water and people who own cats. "Real men have dogs," he says. Other material is presented under a banner of male self-improvement.

But much of it appears to meet the definition of hateful content set out in TikTok's community guidelines, which state that TikTok is "inclusive and supportive" and bans content that "praises, promotes, glorifies, or supports any hateful ideology", including misogyny.

TikTok's terms also explicitly say they ban accounts that "impersonate" someone else, by using their name or picture in a "misleading manner".

Last week, however, content being promoted to users on the platform appeared to be in flagrant breach of the rules.

We conducted an anonymous experiment with a blank account set up for a teenage boy and were quickly shown content of Tate. After watching two of his videos we were recommended more, including clips of him expressing misogynistic views. The next time the account was opened, the first four posts were of Tate, from four different accounts.

In one video, posted from an account with Tate's name and face, he describes matter of factly how he expects his girlfriends to behave: "I inflict, I expect, absolute loyalty from my woman," he says. "I ain't having my chicks talking to other dudes, liking other dudes. My chicks don't go to the club without me, they are at home."

Tate, as posted on Instagram. Photograph: @cobratate/Instagram

For Tate's fans, the findings will come as little surprise. Much of his history is not hidden but has been openly discussed in podcasts, and supporters say his straight-talking style is an antidote to so-called cancel culture.

Critics say his rise raises concerns about online misogyny and potential radicalisation, with one woman online labelling him "the scariest man on the internet". Another, seeking advice in a forum, described how her boyfriend's "attitude and opinions" had changed "dramatically" after watching videos of Tate.

Andrea Simon, director of the End Violence Against Women coalition, said many of the Tate videos appeared to "clearly violate" TikTok's terms and said that "by taking no action", the platform is "facilitating and ultimately profiting from the potential radicalisation of its young male users".

The NSPCC's Hannah Ruschen, a policy officer, added: "Viewing such material at a young age can shape a child's experiences and attitudes, resulting in further harm to women and girls in and out of school and online."

Tate's rise also shows how TikTok's algorithm is open to manipulation by bad actors, says Callum Hood, head of research at the Center for Countering Digital Hate "The dangerous thing is that it is very eye-catching content, and the TikTok algorithm in particular is so aggressive that you only need to pause for a few moments before it will begin to recommend similar content to you again and again."

He added: "It's up to TikTok to be on the lookout for harmful content and manipulation of its platform. It begs the question: 'Why haven't they noticed this? And why have they failed to act?"

In a comment this weekend, TikTok said it took misogyny seriously and was actively investigating whether accounts posting content of Tate were breaching its rules.

A spokesperson said: "Misogyny and other hateful ideologies and behaviours are not tolerated on TikTok, and we are working to review this content and take action against violations of our guidelines. We continually look to strengthen our policies and enforcement strategies, including adding more safeguards to our recommendation system."

It did not comment on the claims of platform manipulation, but said users can click "not interested" on videos they dislike to hide future material from that particular account.

Tate, whose content remained widespread on the platform this weekend, did not respond to requests for comment.

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Inside the violent, misogynistic world of TikTok's new star, Andrew Tate

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Observer investigation reveals how the ex-kickboxer and Big Brother contestant from Luton has gone from obscurity to global internet fame in months

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this article is valuable because it highlights the ways in which the issue is not simply a problem with a few individuals but ingrained in many cultures and systems such as the education system. i discusses the ways in which parents tend to pass these behaviors to their children and how many supposedly harmless behaviors are having a significant impact whether people realise it or not.
The Business Standard News.com, Casual misogyny is ingrained in our society, Viewed March 20 2023,
<https://www.tbsnews.net/thoughts/casual-misogyny-ingrained-our-society-427146>

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What are you doing? Why did you not get better grades than the first girl in your class? If she can do this despite being a girl, why can you not do so being a boy? - these are the exact lines I often used to hear from my mother when I was little.
Being a curious little boy, I asked my mother why she could not be first in class just because she was a girl. Why was she any different?

But she used to ignore those questions.

At first glance, this story might sound trivial, just a mother scolding her son for not doing good enough in the exams. But if we look closely, we will see how problematic her choice of words is. Her words hint at the misogynistic idea that girls are inferior to boys.

This is just one example from my own family.

I have also encountered such notions in my educational institutions, social circles and so on. With just a little bit of attention to our surroundings we can hear such statements being made regularly. Deep-seated misogyny is normalised to the point that it creeps into casual conversations.

Casual misogyny refers to a conscious dislike or hate for women caused by the existing social constructs and stereotypes. It caters to the existing patriarchy of our society, and it is interwoven so deeply in our society that, at times, it is tough to even explicitly identify it.

It occurs through "supposedly harmless" actions, behaviours, or comments. It is like a disease without visible symptoms. We might often fail to notice it, but it is everywhere. Most of us are suffering from it, and it is especially difficult for men to detect it with the glasses of male privilege on.

Women are not free from it either, as women can and tend to be enablers of misogyny. It has been internalised and is expressed through passing judgement on other women's appearances and insinuating the worst about their character based solely on clothing.

The inequality in perception begins at home with parents being reluctant to send their daughters to schools, and instead opting to marry them off. Sons are not encouraged to partake in household chores, while daughters are expected to do it as a rite of passage.

We often see parents prioritise their sons and provide them with better opportunities than their daughters. So many parents start nagging their daughters for marriage in their early 20s and say things like you can carry on with your education after marriage. They do not let their daughters do a whole lot of things, saying you can do so after your marriage. Boys do not have to face that.

While daughters are asked to do chores at home almost all the time, sons get a free pass as it is widely believed girls are supposed to do those. Children start learning from their families that women are expected to take care of their households instead of working outside and earning their own bread. This is the case in nearly every household, and women are expected to carry out all the household work while men just sit around.

In classrooms, gender stereotypes are peddled rather than broken by teachers. Students from all boys' institutions perceive their female counterparts as otherworldly, unreachable beings and harbour problematic ideas.

This misogyny finds its way in inappropriate jokes in male groups, where even if someone was uncomfortable, they would not choose to speak up in fear of being outcast. This inability to object allows misogyny to keep getting more and more ingrained in society.

In a classroom full of boys and girls, teachers might often accuse female students of being more 'emotional'. Students are often taught the existing gender stereotypes at school, while it should have been the other way around. This way, misogyny keeps getting more and more ingrained in society.

If we look around us we will understand casual misogyny exists everywhere. Even at restaurants, waiters tend to provide the bill to men instead of women, regardless of who is paying.

Women are often deprived of jobs, as employers think they will need more leaves and will not be profitable for the company. They tend to be offered fewer opportunities than their male colleagues who are often favoured by the higher-ups of a male-dominated workplace. When a woman gets better opportunities, they get sneered at and undermined.

Whenever someone speaks up against these discrepancies and discrimination, they get punished, and women's opportunities, jobs, and places get reduced. More compliant women or men take the place of the confrontational ones.

But when people grow up groomed from a very early age by their family, teachers, peers, and so on, it starts manifesting in their actions and behaviours at one point. Hence we start witnessing highly apparent misogynistic and violent acts around us.

Trying to dictate how women should act, behave, and live their life, discrimination in almost all aspects, sexual harassment, and assaults, are just a few results. We have even witnessed some shocking and abhorrent instances in very recent times.

The occasion of the international women's day was still fresh in our minds when the heartbreaking news of a school-going girl committing suicide hit us. The young girl left a letter for her parents before taking her own life. She thought the sexual assault was an attack on her and her family's 'honour', so she killed herself.

That letter did not only break our hearts; it also confronted us with the misogyny and patriarchy deeply embedded in our society. Similarly, the incident of a law enforcement agency member accosting a woman for her appearance serves as a grim reality check of just how pervasive misogyny is.

Another incident that exposed the abysmal misogynistic mindset of the masses was the news of a university first year student who was run over by a covered van while riding her own scooter. Rather than expressing sympathy or grief, netizens stormed the comments section to post objectionable and downright derogatory remarks regarding her appearance.

These events might be separate, but they are offshoots of the same misogynistic mindsets rooted deeply in this patriarchal society. While they inspire shame, guilt, discontent in us, it needs to also move us to confront instances of misogyny - small or big - first in ourselves and more importantly within our circles.

Nafis Almas Siam works as a writer for a content writing company.
Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and views of The Business Standard.

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Casual misogyny is ingrained in our society

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What are you doing? Why did you not get better grades than the first girl in your class? If she can do this despite being a girl, why can you not do so being a boy? - these are the exact lines I often used to hear from my mother when I was little.

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this article outlines the ways in which casual misogyny is overlooked at large by society. being written by a woman it details the experiences many women face in today's society than most men do not. this is useful insight as this is largely an insight my target audience lack.
the guardian.com, Casual sexism is nothing but misogyny,  2010, viewed, March 20 2023,
<https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/jul/30/casual-sexism-misogyny>

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ast month I graced the overground line's replacement bus service to Gospel Oak, north London. Sitting near some posh teens chatting about a party, I heard one boy snicker: "I have never so wanted to slap a girl as I did then." Everyone laughed and nodded.

Cut to a Starbucks in Holborn. Four sleek, Middle Eastern guys, the type who look like sophisticated, multilingual diplomats' kids. They're gossiping about their coursemates. One is laughing so hard he can barely speak: "That Saira, she is the fucking ugliest girl I have ever seen in my life!" Or how about a tube journey last winter. A group of tracksuited, pimply London "youths". One of them mentions a schoolmate and another replies: "Yeah, but she's a slag though isn't she?" All nod sagely.

This is the casual sexism of strangers - strangers of difference races, classes, ages, cultures. They know that when the conversation flags, a joke at a woman's expense will revive the atmosphere in a twinkle.

Sometimes I don't need to use my supersonic skills to eavesdrop on this toxic matter. My own friends serve it up. An agent pal tells me he had to chase a publisher because "some bloody middle-aged woman didn't read the manuscript". A once-beloved writer friend relates how he Googles his exes, "and they all look like hags". Another man liked a book: "And I was dubious, you know, because it's a woman author." An urbane friend spotted a chic girlfriend of mine at a party: "Who's that whore over there?"

But let's talk about work. A photographer at a liberal publication discovered she and her female colleagues were paid less than their male counterparts. When she got pregnant her boss told her: "You can't be a photographer and a mother." We are not talking about six months embedded with Military Man-Trauma Unit Zero in the Democratic Republic of Macho, just shooting a house in Holland Park.

A radio producer recounted holiday tales of how he met "some tart from Thomas Cook". He showed me a picture of an author and jeered: "She's had her teeth done, look, look." When I asked, "Please, don't make stupid comments about women's appearance, OK?" he got angry. A female producer told me that when she recommended the excellent Quilts exhibition at the V&A to her boyfriend and father, they both jeered: "My boyfriend said, 'Were most of the people there women? I bet they were.'" Yes, Woman is truly jeer-worthy, and anything associated with Woman is jeer-worthy too.

An acclaimed novelist told me that when she and a male author turned up to review books for a radio show, she was assumed to be his PR by three different people before they even got inside the studio - where she was the only woman, and they only reviewed men's books. A prominent academic constructed a literary course featuring equal numbers of male and female authors. Her male students complained that there were too many women.

Why don't these women want to be named? Why don't I expose the perpetrators? Because the victims will be punished and women's jobs, opportunities and places will be lost. Belligerent women will be replaced by docile ones, or by men. So I say nothing, and we cling to our tenuous position and retain the privilege of working alongside the people whose "casual" sexism is nothing less than an integral part of a society steeped in contempt for women.

One night in 2008, I was on the radio discussing a lecture given by a prominent woman scientist earlier that day. It was me and three men, and one of them said she was "a bit schoolmarmish - and what's with the hair?" When I objected he mocked: "Oh, yes, let's all be feminists together, Bidisha."

Once, I liked the candid manner of a crew member I met when filming an interview. We talked about David Beckham. "He's great," said my new chum, "shame he's married to a dog." My best friend's dad, a lovely guy, one summer afternoon talking about actor Lucy Liu: "She looks like a bitch."

Hags, dogs, whores, bitches. It's amazing how much hate you can pack into a few syllables. How do you spot a woman-hater? By the way they talk about women, treat women, react to women, represent women. Bitching about women, slagging off women - even the language used to describe such slander comes from misogyny. The ubiquitous verbal violence supports physical violence and nobody, male or female, minds. If I were called a Paki in the street, I would have some hope of it being taken seriously. If I were called a slag - as I was last summer by a man on a bicycle, in Stepney - nobody would consider it report-worthy.

Misogyny is such a strong substance that women have absorbed and internalised it. A female book editor and I looked over some press shots by a woman photographer. Fifty-nine were perfect, the 60th was blurred. "She's been a bit of a silly tart, there," said the editor. A female radio producer, frustrated at a press officer's incompetence: "I've been speaking to their bitch PR." Another radio producer, angry at a female guest who was two minutes late: "She's a stupid bitch." An extremely sophisticated and gifted British-African writer, when I asked if her novel had come out in time for the Orange prize, sneered openly: "Ha! The Orange prize." No more words necessary, her contempt for the world of women was expressed in that immediately recognisable snort of disgust.

For men and women alike, casual misogyny is the climate and context of all their interactions. It is unconcealed and automatic. It affects the way women are received, portrayed and considered as colleagues, friends, workers, mothers, artists, thinkers, public figures and victims of male violence and discrimination. Apart from outright slander, jibes, names and insults there is: talking down a woman's work, interrupting her, teasing her, mocking her, talking over her, patronising her, sighing or rolling one's eyes when she talks, invading her personal space. The misogynists' approach to women can be summed up thus: sneer, leer, exploit, ignore.

There is a final, huge, virtually universal form of casual sexism which is expressed in nearly every house. Any man who thinks it's OK to live in a household where the woman does the overwhelming majority of all the housework, childcare and family admin is a woman-hater. If he weren't, it would agonise him to live in such an unequal and exploitative setup.

So, what to do about casual sexism? Don't perpetrate it yourself, call it when you see it and fight any man defending his misogyny or any woman defending her false consciousness. Or you could just turn up the radio and drown it out. Here's UK star Tinie Tempah's new hit, Frisky: "I'm on a mission, don't even want to kiss her, honey I won't miss her when I'm done with her." Well done, young man, well done.

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ast month I graced the overground line's replacement bus service to Gospel Oak, north London. Sitting near some posh teens chatting about a party, I heard one boy snicker: "I have never so wanted to slap a girl as I did then." Everyone laughed and nodded. Cut to a Starbucks in Holborn.

# data[].attributes.body
I'm genuinely excited to start this course. the idea of making an advertisement for something of our choice is really exciting. I'm not sure if I can come up with 80 possible ideas but I'm sure I will get there. making a promotional video should be really cool and give me a really great opportunity to make a movie that isn't a narrative short film.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Magazine that publishes student short stories

2. USASA promo

3. Message about the glamorisation of drug use

4. Message about the glamorisation of vaping

5. Magazine that publishes Sifi and fantasy stories focusing on topical issues

6. Magazine focusing on LGBTQI+ student stories

7. Magazine focusing on the stories of immigrants who are students

8. Streaming survace that only shows student short films

9. Streaming survace that only shows documentaries that were made in Australia

10. Music streaming survace that only plays undiscovered artists

11. Soft drink that tastes like cake

12. Message about climate change

13. Message about political extremism

14. Message about corruption in government

15. Message about youth political radicalism

16. Message about casual racism

17. Message about casual mysogony

18. Discussion of trans issues

19. Add for Uni SA sports clubs

20. Message about appreciating Uni SA lecturers and tutors

21. Message about appreciation of student services staff

22. Add for a video game club

23. Add for a comic book club

24. Add for a manga club

25. Add for a sifi / fantasy book club

26. A new flavour of chips

27. A message about international aid

28. An add for habitats for humanity

29. Message about media censorship

30. Message about Chinese censorship

31. Message about the sovereignty of Taiwan

32. Message about the CIA’s various unpunished warcrimes

33. Message about Japanese supression of warcrimes

34. Message about the coverup of unit 731

35. Message about the CCP’s various warcrimes during the GLF

36. Add for a new game console

37. A production company that finances student films

38. An add for a local bakery

39. An add for the national seniors society

40. An add for a local scouting group

41. Add for a local Karati club

42. Add for a music club

43. Tinder but for finding d and d groups

44. A d and d club on uni SA

45. Wine tasting society add

46. Coffee appreciation club

47. An add for a cooking class

48. A group that tries to teach new uni students life skills

49. Game development club

50. Surfing club

51. An add about the benefits of teaching children to swim

52. Message about how people often neglect their own mental health in academic environments

53. Message about how people often ignore their own physical health in academic environments

54. Add for RUOK day

55. Message about academic integrity

56. Message about raising more interest in state and local politics

57. Message about global warming

58. Message about plastic waste in the ocean

59. Message about deforestation

60. Message about endangered species

61. Tinder but for finding band members

62. Message about the positive effects of children participating in sports

63. Message about the positive effects sports can have on academics

64. Message about the importance of labor unions

65. Message about raising minimum wage

66. Message about the cost of living crisis

67. Message about the housing crisis

68. Message about population density

69. Message about the importance of rational debate in todays political sphere

70. Message about political extremism

71. Message about the glamorisation of violence in a lot of true crime media

72. Message about the importance of consent and respectful relationships

73. Message about teaching women to defend themselves

74. Message about by standing in relation to bullying

75. Message about how media can be an outlet for trauma

76. The benefits acting can have on mental health

77. The importance of appreciating art in a person’s life

78. The importance of preventing privatisation of public utilities

79. Message about gender pay gap

80. Message about signs of depression going unnoticed

# data[].attributes.headline
Summarise the message you want to promote 

# data[].attributes.subject
Summarise the message you want to promote 

# data[].attributes.body
I want to promote a message about casual misogyny in specifically teenage boys and young adults. specifically how it tends to get ignored or excused by other members of that demographic.

# data[].attributes.headline
Identification and profiling of my target audience 

# data[].attributes.subject
Identification and profiling of my target audience 

# data[].attributes.body
my target audience is young men from 12 to 18.
slightly to very right wing
probably followers of andrew tate
use social media like instagram and TikTok and spend a lot of time on them.
the message needs to highlight how their actions are harmful even if they don't intend them to be, because they promote a harmful message wether intended or not.
a lot of adds about casual misogyny focus on fathers not spreading misogynistic views to their children and holding them accountable for misogynistic views but mine will focus on teenage boys holding each other accountable.