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1789: George Washington’s Presidency Begins

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1789: George Washington’s Presidency Begins

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George Washington is unanimously elected as the First President of the United States.

Significance: Washington’s approach to presidency sets an example of leadership for U.S citizens, but also soon creates political divisions in his term, first starting between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson.

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1791: Implementation of Hamilton’s Financial Plan

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1791: Implementation of Hamilton’s Financial Plan

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Congress passes Hamilton’s plan to assume state debts and establish the First Bank of the United States.

Significance: This event creates tension and divide between those favoring a federal government (Federalists) and those advocating for states’ rights (Democratic-Republicans).

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1792-1793: The Emergence of Proto-Parties

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1792-1793: The Emergence of Proto-Parties

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The Federalist Party, led by Hamilton, and the Democratic-Republican Party, led by Jefferson and Madison begin to increasingly grow in society.

Significance: These represent the first formal parties in American history, marking the beginning of the First Party System and political debate.

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1796: First Contested Presidential Election

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1796: First Contested Presidential Election

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John Adams (Federalist) defeats Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) in the first presidential race!

Significance: This election demonstrates the growing influence of party politics and sets the stage for future elections and competitions.

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Thomas Jefferson defeats John Adams in a highly competitive and fierce election.

Significance: This election marks the first peaceful transfer of power between opposing parties, further emphasizing the role of political parties in American democracy.

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Jefferson negotiates the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling the size of the United States.

Significance: This action helped to expand federal power and contradicted the Democratic-Republican principles of limited government, showing how these ideas switched when in power.

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The United States engages in its second war with Great Britain, also called “The Second War of Independence”.

Significance: The Federalists Party’s opposition to war eventually led to their decline and termination, paving the way for one-party rule.

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James Monroe is elected President with little opposition or controversy.

Significance: Monroe’s presidency kickstarts the “Era of Good Feelings,” a period of political unity until the tensions would soon resurface.

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Congress passed the Missouri Compromise, attempting to maintain the balance between free and slave states.

Significance: This event shows the growing divide that would eventually reshape the American party system.

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John Quincy Adams wins the presidency despite Andrew Jackson receiving more popular votes, in an election decided by the House of Representatives.

Significance: This controversial election marks the end of the First Party System and sets the stage for the rise of Jacksonian Democracy and the Second Party System.