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http://www.socialstudieshelp.com/lesson_86_notes.htm

https://www.okhistory.org/learn/depression3

https://efkcdepression.weebly.com/the-new-deal--the-3-rs.html

https://content.lib.washington.edu/feraweb/essay.html

https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-Industrial-Recovery-Act

https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/social-security-act

https://www.britannica.com/event/New-Deal

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How did Roosevelt's New Deal go about fixing the problems of the Great Depression?

FDR came into office with no clear or specific plan for what to do. Roosevelt used to say "try something, if it doesn't work try something else." He and his brain trust recognized, at least, that they must try to do something. These attempts at least gave Americans the hope that something was being done. Roosevelt's basic philosophy of Keynesian economics manifested itself in what became known as the three "R's" of relief, recovery and reform. The programs created to meet these goals generated jobs and more importantly, hope. They also generated what refer to today as "alphabet soup;" a series of acts and agencies that created a huge federal bureaucracy.

I. The New Deal

A. What did Roosevelt mean by relief, recovery and reform?

1. Relief - Immediate action taken to halt the economies deterioration.

2. Recovery - "Pump - Priming" Temporary programs to restart the flow of consumer demand.

3. Reform - Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters.

Relief

Immediate action taken to halt the economies deterioration.

Recovery

"Pump - Priming" Temporary programs to restart the flow of consumer demand.

Reform

Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters.

EARLY NEW DEAL MEASURES

FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT -- provided minimum wage for workers.

CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS -- provided work for jobless males between 18 & 25 in reforestation, road construction, prevention of forest erosion. Ended in 1941.

AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT -- established principle of government price support for farmers and guaranteed farm purchasing power.

TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY ACT -- federal construction and ownership of power plants regional development of Tennessee Valley (7 State Area)

FEDERAL SECURITIES ACT -- required full disclosure of information related to new stock issues.

NATIONAL EMPLOYMENT SYSTEM ACT -- created US employment service.

HOME OWNERS REFINANCING ACT -- use of government bonds to guarantee mortgages.

BANKING ACT OF 1933 -- created Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., guaranteeing the safety of bank deposits.

NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RECOVERY ACT -- minimum wages and self regulation of industry --- ended in 1935.

PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION -- appropriated funds to construct roads and other federal projects.

SECURITY AND EXCHANGE ACT -- federal regulation of the operation of stock exchange.

NATIONAL HOUSING ACT -- federal housing administration insured loans of private banks and trust companies for construction of homes.

COMMUNICATIONS ACT -- federal housing administration insured loans of private banks and trust companies for construction of homes.

HOME OWNERS LOAN ACT -- government financing of home mortgages.

NATIONAL HOUSING ACT -- construction of low cost public housing and slum clearance.

SOIL CONSERVATION ACT -- established federal soil conservation services.

RESETTLEMENT ADMINISTRATION -- built new model communities for low income city workers

RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ADMINISTRATION -- created and administered program of bringing electricity to rural areas.

NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION -- federal work relief and employment for young people.

NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS ACT -- encouraged collective bargaining and formation of unions to be supervised by the National Labor Relations Board.

SOCIAL SECURITY ACT -- created Social Security System -- old age and survivors insurance; aid to dependent children etc.

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How did Roosevelt's New Deal go about fixing the problems of the Great Depression? FDR came into office with no clear or specific plan for what to do. Roosevelt used to say "try something, if it doesn't work try something else." He and his brain trust recognized, at least, that they must try to do something.

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The program was created in order to help the economy bounce back from depression.

Types of reforms/ Acts

1.  Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA): Taxed food processors and paid the money straight to farmers for not growing food. As a result, the price would rise due to a decrease in supply.

2. Home Owners Loan Corporation: Loaned money to homeowners to pay their mortgages. By doing this, banks were prevented from going bankrupt and people from becoming homeless.

3. National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA): it suspended antitrust laws and supported alliances of industries.

How it affected the companies

1. had to write industrywide codes of fair competition that effectively fixed wages and prices

2. established production quotas

3. placed restrictions on the entry of other companies into the alliances

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It aimed to deal with the causes of depression and prevent it from happening in the future.

Types of reforms/ Acts

1. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: The government guaranteed savings deposits for all Americans, which helped citizens to trust private banks. If there was a situation when the bank failed, citizens were guaranteed that they would not lose their savings and prevented future banking panic

2. Soil Conservation Act: mandated soil maintenance so a possible future dust bowl could be prevented.

3. Social Security Administration: created social security to make a federal safety net for old citizens, unemployed citizens, and disadvantaged citizens.

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The program aimed to provide temporary relief to unemployed and suffering Americans

Type of reforms/ Acts

1.  Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): Provides temporary employment to single, unmarried adults to help with disasters. Housing was in the form of bunkers for participants.

2. Federal Emergency Relief Act: Provided immediate cash aid to those in need, also had 3 objectives

1. Adequacy of relief measures;

2. providing work for employable people on the relief rolls

3. diversification of relief programs

3. Bank Holiday: FDR declared Bank Holiday so the immediate panic would end. On March 6, 1933, the banking system shut down.

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It was organized to help America recover from the depression.

reforms were made in fields such as industry, agriculture, finance, waterpower, labor, and housing