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ENVIRONMENTAL= Ice caps are melting at a rate of 12.2% a decade.

In the Antarctic around 150 Billion tonnes of ice i dont know being lost as ice melting, Greenland is loosing 270 billion, these are contributing to sea levels rising.

ENVIRONMENTAL = wildlife (polar bears) are on the brink due to absence of food for them (ice melting forces the polar bears onto lands where there is less food).

Link(https://www.worldwildlife.org/pages/why-are-glaciers-and-sea-ice-melting)

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SOCIAL IMPACT

Climate change refugees flee homes from desertification and drought. This impacts the inland areas across the globe

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In The Arctic Polar bears are under threat. They live on Polar Ice, which is melting at an alarming rate. The Arctic is warming at twice as fast as the rest of the world. As well as this it also threatens the Polar Bears main prey, Seals.

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Due to the desert conditions, the area is very dry and deprived of water which leads to lower levels of water supply throughout the country. The area is arid and it is situated in northern Africa, near the equator. Elias and Attish

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SOCIAL IMPACT

Climate refugees flee from their homes due to extreme weather events like flooding.

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Extreme weather is caused by warmer oceans which make tropical storms more frequent. Typhoon Haiyan struck the Philippines on the 8th of November 2013, leaving over 4 million refugees and killing over 8000 innocent people. Haiyan was called a super typhoon because it had winds of more than 150mph. the typhoon damaged over 1.1 million homes and its estimated to have caused $13 billion worth of damage

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SOCIAL + ENVIRONMENT

Melting glaciers - the ice in the glaciers melts the water eventually makes it to the ocean causing the sea level to rise

Over time - Global sea level has risen between 6 and 8 inches (15-20 cm) over the last 100 years.

Impacts - erosion of beaches, inundation of deltas as well as flooding and loss of many marshes and wetlands, animals that live on glaciers such as polar bears are forced to migrate south endangering there lives and the human lives taht they might encounter.

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SOCIAL IMPACT

Scientists say that by 2050 as many as 100 million people may have to leave their homes because of changes in weather patterns caused by climate change.

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SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC IMPACT= series of droughts cause water loss through increase of evaporation and was not replaced to reduced rain fall ( 5-10mm), less rainfall means more water taken from the lake to use on crops.

Water in Lake supplies 30 million African people across Cameroon, Niger, Chad and Nigeria. Lake is used for fishing and provides water for crops and animals. Lake chad has shrunk 90% in the last 60 years.

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Increase in sea levels have threatened the closure of many resorts, posing a threat to Maldives, as it relies strongly on tourism. Alongside this, an increase of CO2 absorption has lead to the death of fish, a food source a lot of Maldives population relies on. To raise awareness, the Maldives government held a meeting underwater.

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Melting glaciers- Antarctica is losing ice mass (melting) at an average rate of about 150 billion tons per year.

Impacts- It is dramatically slowing down the flow of water through the worlds oceans and could have a disastrous effect on global climate, the marine food chain, and even stability of ice shelves.

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Although they live along coasts across the world the majority live within the Arctic and Antarctic Circles. Ice Seals rely on Ice to raise their pups and to survive. As the Ice separates Mothers and Pups are separated too. They need the ice to build dens for their pups, when they can't this leads to high pup mortality.

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This lake is shrinking at a fast rate, as can be seen by satelite images since 1972. Precipitation in this area has reduced by over 5 mm per year. This lake is of primary importance to the residents, as it is a fresh water supply used by over 30 million people in Chad, Nigeria, Niger and Cameroon. The lake is also used for fishing, and to water crops and animals. Attish and Elias

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Social and Economic impact

The Mekong Delta is essential to the rice production of Vietnam, densely populated with rice paddies. In 2020/21, 24.8 million metric tons of rice were exported from the area, important to people in the country and beyond. It is a fundamental food supply for the people of Vietnam, and surrounding countries it exports to.

However, the delta floods more as sea levels rise and extreme weather grows more common. Therefore, the water is becoming too brackish and salty for rice to grow. By 2050, the problem will have grown so large 1 million people will be effected; with a economic impact of 17 billion dollars.

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One little girl draws a nightmarish picture of people calling for rescue as they drown in rising water.

Another sketches a huge snake with sharp teeth to show the power and danger of flooding.

These disturbing images are the work of children at a primary school in Can Tho province, a region of Vietnam that is regularly swamped.

They live in the Mekong Delta, a huge plain of rivers and rice-fields that's popular with tourists but lies only just above the surface of the ocean.

The land itself is sinking and, at the same time, the level of the sea is rising, as global warming causes the water to expand and the ice caps to melt.

That's why the delta, one of the world's greatest centres for rice production and home to 18 million people, is recognised as especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change.

The children were asked to draw their pictures as part of a project run by Florence Halstead from the University of Hull, a researcher into young people's attitudes on global warming.

At a primary school, which was itself flooded three years ago, she asked the pupils to close their eyes and think about flooding and then to describe what was on their minds.

Loi, a 10-year-old, leapt to his feet and came out with a shocking image - "people on their houses screaming for help".

His classmate, To Nhu, used crayons to depict a small girl drifting on her own in a boat towards what looked like a whirlpool or tornado.

"I think the flood is so scary," she told me, "and I hope that we will not be swept away in the flood season."

At a neighbouring desk, another pupil, Chau, created a scene that seemed far too horrific for someone so young: bodies were in the water and, below the surface, lurked a monstrous snake. I asked her why.

"Because the snake can live under the water and is very scary so it makes me think about the flood," she said.

Flooding is routine in the delta. Over the centuries, it has played a beneficial role delivering nutrient-rich silt to the fields to make them exceptionally fertile.

But, in recent years, the floods have become more damaging; the projections are for more severe and frequent inundations to come.

Barriers are being built, but on one stretch of coastline more than 100 homes have been lost, along with big areas of precious farmland.

A farmer who saw fields vanish beneath the waves, Lam Van Nghia, said the water level was rising so fast that "there wasn't enough time to build sea defences".

Rice volumes reduced

To add to the stress, seawater pushing inland poisons the soil with salt, either reducing yields of rice or making it impossible to grow this vital part of the food supply.

Many farmers are turning to other crops like hay, which is more tolerant of salt, or shrimp which can cope with more of it, all of which reduces the volume of rice produced.

A leading farming expert even warned that the days of rice may be over for the Mekong Delta, with huge implications for food security and national income.

Thomas Rath, Vietnam director of the UN's International Fund for Agricultural Development, told the BBC that "this is all under threat".

"Rice production is under threat and 80% of the rice is for exports, so it's a big economic risk for Vietnam," he told the BBC.

This is why Vietnam, along with several dozen other developing countries, argues that the main target of the Paris Agreement on climate change - to limit the rise in global average temperature to 2C above the pre-industrial level - does not go far enough. It is pressing for a lower target of 1.5C.

Measuring the sediment

To try to understand how rapidly the region is changing, UK and Vietnamese scientists are studying the flows of the rivers and of the sediment they carry.

When silt is deposited on the fields, it raises the level of the land, the one thing that helps to build it up and counteract the effect of a rising sea.

I met Prof Dan Parsons, of the University of Hull, on a boat carrying sonar equipment to measure the river bed and the quantity of sediment in the water.

Measurements over the past 20 years have shown a marked drop in the amount of sediment being delivered - the water looks clearer than in the past - and this is the result of dams upstream trapping everything in the flow.

"One clear risk is a heightened threat of flooding," Prof Parsons said. "The saline intrusion that's driven by that relative rise in sea level combines to create a perfect storm of issues for people living here."

While he and his colleagues are investigating the physical changes under way, his student, Florence Halstead, is exploring the social implications, particularly for a generation that will grow up having to face more threatening conditions.

She described some of the children's pictures as "harrowing" but said it was important to prepare them for what lies ahead.

"They live in a water world, and that's only going to increase - the water's not going to go away and they need to learn how to adapt."

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Vietnam's children and the fear of climate change

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Children's drawings of nightmarish scenarios illustrate climate change's impact in the Mekong Delta.

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SOCIAL IMPACT

Climate change refugees have had to leave their homes due to desertification and drought. Climate change has resulted in decreased rainfall in many regions causing the droughts. South Africa loses about 300-400million tons of topsoil every year. One way to reduce desertification would be to reduce the population of herbivores to allow more plants to grow.

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This is a social impact because the temperatures get warmer due to climate change meaning mosquitoes will live longer, giving more people malaria in Europe, Mainly in the middle of Spain and also in the North of Italy.

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ECONOMIC - SOCIAL

Coffee is a very important part of Ethiopia's economy but the country's coffee crops are being threatened by the coffee berry borer beetle, which thrives in warmer temperatures. This has lead to 700,000 families in Ethiopia, who depend on coffee for their income, becoming threatened by climate change.

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Summer 2003, Europe suffered record temperatures and the hottest summer for 500 years. 20,000 people died from the heat and hospitals in France were so overflowed that they had to set up temporary places to store dead bodies. Roads melted and the London eye closed for a day because it was too hot in the cabins to survive. The farming industry lost £10 billion because crops and animals died.

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Sea levels are rising here 3 times more than the global average. Five islands of the Solomon's have already become submerged and over 1,000 people are being threatened with the loss of their homes.

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In Ethiopia, coffee is one of the main sources of income. However the countries coffee crops are threatened by Coffee berry borer beetle. The beetle prefers warmer temperatures, as the climate rises the beetle lives longer and attacks coffee plants.

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ENVIRONMENTAL

Thermal expansion - increase in the volume of water as its temperature is increased.

Over time - the average surface temperature of the Earth has increased by about 1.0o F. Global surface temperature has been measured since 1880

Impacts - as the volume of water increases due to high temperature especially near the equator rainfall patterns change, evaporation increases, glaciers melt and sea levels rise

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Rising sea levels is rendering the land where rice is grown more salty. Lack of fresh water for crops is a problem here.

Elias and Attish

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Bangladesh Disease and health - waterborne diseases 

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Bangladesh Disease and health - waterborne diseases 

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This is a social impact.

Climate change can increases temperature, causing more heavy rain which intern leads to floods making it easier for diseases such as cholera, typhoid and E. coli to spread by damaging the already poor water infrastructure in Bangladesh. This would increase the 3.5 million deaths per year caused by waterborne diseases this will be most potent in low lying poorer flood plaines nations like Bangladesh

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SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC - Due to the rising heat levels in Sub-saharan Africa, crop yields are predicted to drop to 22% less by 2050. This will impact the world and the people living in africa as their food supply will significantly drop unless a solution is found- quickly.

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Adapting Africa's Agriculture in Times of Climate Change

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Wildfires in Australia 2019-2020 were the most extreme fire events every recorded in Australia. they were caused by the high rise of temperatures due to climate change and the dry conditions

Environmental impacts:

the Wildfires burnt more than 24.3 million hectares of land including the woodlands and forests, killing billions of the animals present and possibly driving animals to extinction

Economical impacts:

The wildfires destroyed over 3000 buildings and the cost of all the damage is estimated to exceed 4.4bil australian Dollars and tourism revenue fell by over 1 bil Autralian dollars