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1. DNA - self-replicating material that's present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.

Bacterial transformation  - the process of horizontal gene transfer.

2. Bacteriophages - a type of virus that infects bacteria.

3. Observed transformation  - Aprocess where  exogenous genetic material is directly taken up and incorporated by a cell through its cell membrane.

4. Nucleotide - organic molecules consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate.
5.  genetics - scientific study of genes and heredity
6. immunological - the study of the immune system and is a very important branch of the medical and biological sciences.
7. structural - The study of how biological molecules are built.
8.  adenine  - a compound which is one of the four constituent bases of nucleic acids. A purine derivative, it is paired with thymine in double-stranded DNA
9. thymine -  one of the four nitrogenous nucleobases that form the basic building blocks of DNA .
10. cytosine -  A chemical compound that is used to make one of the building blocks of DNA and RNA.

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DNA is like  a book because it has letters in it like a book.

The main difference between DNA replication in Eukaryotic cells and DNA replication in prokaryotic cells is the tabular Form.

Hydrogen bonds form in a DNA molecule when the two strands and involve a base from one strand with a base from the second in complementary pairing.

Covalent Bonds occur within each linear strand and strongly bond the bases, sugars, and phosphate groups.

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DNA, Chromosomes, Genes, and Traits: An Intro to Heredity 

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DNA, Chromosomes, Genes, and Traits: An Intro to Heredity 

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Video is 8:18 long.

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DNA, Chromosomes, Genes, and Traits: An Intro to Heredity

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The importance of my topic, DNA is that DNA is in everything around the world. DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce.  DNA is something that can be used for science projects or you can learn about DNA on a science worksheet. Deoxyribonucleic acid or the short verion DNA is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms.

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 Ch. 12 DNA cornell notes SHORT ANSWER Q&A 

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 Ch. 12 DNA cornell notes SHORT ANSWER Q&A 

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1. Q: What is the chronological order of important discoveries in the structure of DNA?

A: Chargaff's ratios of nucleotides Franklin makes an X-ray diffraction photo of DNA Watson and Crick identify the double helix.
2. Q: What are telomeres and why are they important?
A: protect genome from nucleolytic degradation

3. Q: Explain the semiconservative model of DNA replication
A: After one round of replication, every new DNA double helix would be a hybrid that consisted of one strand of old DNA bound to one strand of newly synthesized DNA.

4. Q: Griffith called the process the observed transformation because
A: He observed and transformed the mice into something that he could attempt to work with.