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July 11, 1897 – March 10, 1973

Theophilus Eugene "bull" Conner - was a commissioner of Public Service and served as a Representative in the state of Alabama. during the civil rights movement he was opposed to MLK's views/protests that he brought out the city's white tank, police dogs, and had the fire hydrants opened to spray the peaceful protesters

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The Voting Rights Act was enacted on August 6, 1965, and it prohibited states from imposing qualifications or practices to deny the right to vote on account of race. the act was enforcing the 15th amendment, by president Lydon B. johnson. The act secured the fight against racial discrimination and allowed free voting

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july 2, 1908- January 24, 1993

Thoroughgood Marshall was the first African American Supreme court justice in 1967. Thurgood was a huge role in the civil rights movement on the political side and won 29 out or 32 Civil rights cases before the supreme court including Brown V. BoE.

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January 16, 1964

The 24th amendment restricts government or states requiring a payment or poll tax to vote. although the bill was ratified the southern states still were using poll taxes but couldn't for federal voting. the tax was put in place to keep the poor out of voting halls

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May 29, 1917 - November 1963

John F. Kennedy, was the 36th president (1961-1963)which made him the youngest president to be elected, and possibly America's favorite "modern" president. Kennedy had the crucial moments of Vietnam, the height of the civil war and cuba. in the U.S. he appointed Thurgood Marshall, worked with MLK in the civil rights movement and worked on equal pay

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January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968

Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist church leader, civil rights activist, and a political pholispher. He led march's for labor rights, desegregation and set up the 1955 Montgomery boycott. MLK is most famous for his "I have a dream speech" or his letter from a Birmingham jail, when he was arrested in 1963

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feb 4, 1913 - oct 24, 2005

Rosa parks was a social rights activist, who is most famously known for refusing to give up her seat in montgomery, Alabama. she was a member of many boycotts some lasting up t 381 days, and a female rights activist

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(1896)

Plessy v. Ferguson paved the way for a period of widespread segregation. in the South, impacting various aspects of life, including schools, housing, and transportation. The Supreme Court ruled man is equal but separated.

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Susan Goldman Rubin - Brown V. Board of education book

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in 1954, the supreme court ruled unanimously that segregation in schools was unconstitutional. this case branched off of 5 cases of African- American children who wanted to go to a neighborhood school which was a white school, and was refused challenging the law of segregation. This case led the civil rights movement and integrated schools for years to come

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(1964)

the act was a major role in solving racial equality and ended Jim crow laws that were set in place. The bill outlawed discrimination against race, religion, sex, etc., and in schools, work, public, etc. John F. Kennedy proposed this bill in 1963 after the Montgomery bus boycott, and during the assignation LBJ followed through on the bill

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start of modern civil rights movement (1954)

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start of modern civil rights movement (1954)

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in 1954 after Brown v. BoE after it banned segregation in schools, turned a new page in the civil rights community and uproared change in the USA. This movement ENDED segregation in all of the states, and made sure there was freedom in public

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start of modern civil rights movement (1954)

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December 5, 1955, - December 20, 1956

After Rosa Parks didn't give up her seat on a bus to a white man, she was was arrested for it. African American leaders put together MIA(Montgomery improvement Association), including Dr. King Jr as their president to organize a year long bus boycott

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children's crusade - the children's march on Birmingham 

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1963

on April 6, 1963 MLK and Fred shuttlesworth led the first of the Birmingham Marches to city hall which was quickly ended by Commissioner Bull Conner arresting protestors. This led to series of integration of non-violent protests such as sit ins, Marches, and boycotts in the most segregated city in America

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MLK arrested for loitering in Birmingham

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April 12, 1963

MLK was arrested 29 times throughout his lifetime, bus his most famous time being was in birmingham. In the jail cell he wrote his famous letter " A letter from Birmingham Jail" which was a key cornerstone in the civil rights movement

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April 16, 1963 - published may 19, 1963

Martina Luther king was arrested during a nonviolent protest, along with other protestors and he wanted to write a significant letter in his movement. This letter addressed action as a response to unjust laws and racial discrimination