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In 1692, Salem was divided into two distinct parts: Salem Town and Salem Village. Salem Village (also referred to as Salem Farms) was actually part of Salem Town but was set apart by its economy, class, and character. Residents of Salem Village were mostly poor farmers who made their living cultivating crops in the rocky terrain. Salem Town, on the other hand, was a prosperous port town at the center of trade with London. Most of those living in Salem Town were wealthy merchants.
But there was also a division within Salem Village. Those who lived near Ipswich Road, close to the commerce of Salem Town, became merchants, such as blacksmiths, carpenters, and innkeepers.

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-Author's historical background:
The play itself was written as an alegory to the context Miller was dealing with during his time,which was the multiple cases of blacklistings and accusations towards citizens who were deemded "possible communists"  by the country's law system, which was managed by Senator Joseph McCarthy (which lead to the term "McCarthyism" being created).  This context is one of the mayor reasons as to why Miller chose to write the play,as he was accused of being a communist himself and subsequently blacklisted by the system, using the play as a means of critique towards the unfair system.
-Play's historical background:
The historical context of the play can be described as an ideological struggle in the population of Salem, "a Christianist and ideological struggle" because it was said that in the town of Salem, Reverend Parris lived obsessed with winning the love of God and the respect of the habitants. At this time something that caught a lot of attention for some people was that they said and saw people in the woods doing some kind of ritual pronouncing words and nonsense phrases that they propounded from many of the young people, causing the entire population of Salem, including Reverend Parris, believed in witches and that they were the cause of the strange behavior of the young women.

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-Mayflower, in American colonial history, was the ship that carried the Pilgrims (separatists who first settled in Plymouth, Mass., in 1620) from England to Plymouth, Massachusetts, where they established the first permanent New England colony in 1620.
-Marine archaeologists estimate that the square-rigged sailing ship weighed about 180 tons and measured 90 feet (27 metres) long.
-This cargo ship brought the pilgrims to Massachusetts during the Great Puritan Migration.
-The Great Puritan Migration was a period in the 17th Century during which English puritans migrated to New England, the Chesapeake and the West Indies. English migration to Massachusetts consisted of a few hundred pilgrims who went to Plymouth Colony in the 1620s and between 13,000 and 21,000 emigrants who went to the Massachusetts Bay Colony between 1630 and 1642.
-The Puritans left England primarily due to religious persecution but also for economic reasons as well. England was in religious turmoil in the early 17th century, the religious climate was hostile and threatening, especially towards religious nonconformists like the puritans. There were two different types of Puritans at the time: separatists and non-separatists. The non-separatist Puritans wanted to remain in the church and reform it from within. The separatist Puritans felt the church was too corrupt to reform and instead wanted to separate from it. This prompted the separatists to leave England for the New World in order to escape potential punishment for their beliefs and to be able to worship more freely.
-Before going ashore at Plymouth, Pilgrim leaders (including Bradford and William Brewster) drafted the Mayflower Compact, a brief 200-word document that was the first framework of government written and enacted in the territory that would later become the United States of America. in which each member would contribute to the safety and welfare of the planned settlement.
-Arriving in November, they had to survive unprepared through a harsh winter. As a result, only half of the original Pilgrims survived the first winter at Plymouth. Without the help of local Indigenous peoples to teach them food gathering and other survival skills, all of the colonists may have perished.

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-They believed in simple forms of admiration and a humble way of life.
-Moved from England to avoid religious persecution.
-Contributed to the American character through their moral, ethical, and religious convictions.
-They valued self-reliance, industriousness, temperance and simplicity.

-They believed the Bible to be the literal word of God.
-The Puritans believed that most of humanity was damned, and that only a select number of people would gain eternal salvation.
-They lived under a theocracy, or a system of government in which the church and state are closely linked and religious law is man’s law.

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The Religious Society of Friends, also referred to as the Quaker Movement, was founded in England in the 17th century by George Fox. He and other early Quakers, or Friends, were persecuted for their beliefs, which included the idea that the presence of God exists in every person. Quakers rejected elaborate religious ceremonies, didn’t have official clergy and believed in spiritual equality for men and women
Quakers, who practice pacifism