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Negotiating the Peace, Defining the Borders 

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Negotiating the Peace, Defining the Borders 

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April 1847 Polk sent Nicholas Trist along with Scott to negotiate a treaty with the Mexicans
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo formed signed my Trist and Mexicans
Gadsden purchase

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From New Mexico to Alta California and the Bear Flag Revolt 

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From New Mexico to Alta California and the Bear Flag Revolt 

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1846 summer general watts kearny marched 850 to Santa Fe.
the Mexican governor had already fled
with no Mexican leader in in sight the rebels made what was known as the Bear Flag Rebellion declaring California to be independent

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Jackson and Van Buren called for First National Political Convention to be held in Baltimore in 1835. Party was held to secure Van Buren as the Democratic Candidate. Whigs disliked this.

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Indians were practicing their native ways in California, trying to avoid American and Mexican settlers. Father Serra began missionary trips there to convert them to being Catholic, put them to work for Spanish, and use them to protect against Russian invasion.

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1846, Taylor defeats another larger Mexican force and capture the town of Monterrey.
Allowed the Mexicans to withdraw peacefully declaring truce
Polk tries to open Peace negotiations
Santa Anna in office he is ready to fight rather than Bargain
He knew Taylor was short of troops so he engaged him
Feb 1847 Battle of Buena Vista
largest single engagement of the war

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Sam Houston was leading the war. He started out retreating, but once Santa Anna's troops were low on supplies he quickly turned on them and started winning decisive victories. Eventually Santa Anna was captured and forced to sign Treaty of Velasco. It promised to withdraw all Mexican troops from Texas, end the war, and recognize the independence of Texas.

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70 people traveled through a pass in the rocky mountains which is now called Wyoming. The group has 4 protestant missionaries, settled in fertile farming areas in present day Oregon. Two of them also because first-rate publicists for beauties of the Oregon territory.

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Until the mid-1830s, few Americans had followed the route of Lewis and Clark expedition and explored or settled in Oregon. American political debates seemed fixated on Texas, Oregon was generally ignored by the press or in Congress.

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Mexican President Santa Anna ordered his army North to capture the Alamo. The 200 defenders were killed. After Santa Anna's victory, he marched his army to Goliad and killed all troops there.

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Thinking Historically Considering Henry David Thoreau 

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Thinking Historically Considering Henry David Thoreau 

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published "On The duty Of Civil Disobedience"
his belief in disobedience- refusing to obey an unjust law and willingness to face consequences
model for other MLK and Mohandas Gandhi, = non violent
refused to pay taxes or support the war
words and actions widely praised

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Two year before president Tyler and Polk had managed the U.S. annexation of Texas. Mexico had warned the U.S. that such a move would mean war because mexico still claimed the territory. The Mexican ambassador in Washington declared the move "an act of aggression" and mexico served diplomatic relations with the U.S.

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1842, agreement concluded by the United States, represented by Secretary of State Daniel Webster, and Great Britain, represented by Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton. The treaty settled the Northeast Boundary Dispute, which had caused serious conflicts, such as the Aroostook War.

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- Tension between Americans in Texas and Mexico government.
- Adam Onis treaty: Spain ceded Florida to America.
- Caused a revolutionary uprising in Mexico.
- Republic of Mexico formed with 2 parts: English and Spanish speaking.
- Empresario: Colonizing Agent paid by Spanish/Mexican Government.
- Mexican Government closed immigration to Texas.

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the result of overspeculation in cotton and cotton-producing land. British investments and international trade stalled, the value of cotton, land, and slaves all plummeted.

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Proclamation issued by president Andrew Jackson in 1836 stipulating the only gold or silver could be used as payment for public land

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Most Whigs opposed war, even though they wanted to support the american troops.
Didn't want to seem unpatriotic
Polk declared a state of war between america and mexico May 13th 1846

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Major economic downturn brought on by temporary excesses in international trade and the inability of the US to control the currency or make credit available after the closing of the second back of the US

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Manifest Destiny - American expansion westward. (Caused a doubling in size of US).
Supported Manifest Destiny for: Land, New Start, Jobs, etc.