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Credit to WatchMojo.com
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URxwe6LPvkM

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Langston Hughes is one of the earliest people of jazzy poetry. He is best known as the leader of the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance is a cultural, social and artistic time when African Americans expressed themselves with all types of art, poems and music.

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Please Vs. Ferguson was a landmark constitutional law case of the U.S Supreme Court. It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities which believed in separate but equal. Separate but equal was the reasoning that the judge used to make  It was a case about Homer Plessy against John Ferguson.

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Jacob Lawrence was an African American painter. He was known for his portrayal of African American life. He was born in 1917 and died in 2000. He painted the great migration which was his most famous piece of art. After dropping out of school at 16 he worked at a laundromat and a printing plant. He drew at a Harlem Art Workshop where he then developed his passion for art. He was an important figure in the Harlem Renaissance.

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The Great Migration was when 5 million southern blacks moved to the north over time. They left because there was no economic opportunity and harsh segregation due to the Jim Crow Laws. Many black people moved north where they took advantage of the lack of industrial workers for World War. The first large movement for blacks was in world war 1. People moved because the economic conditions for people of color in the south was extremely bad.

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The Civil Rights Movement was a movement against Jim Crow Laws. Famous leaders like Malcolm X, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and even Ruby Bridges participated in this movement. These men and women helped the United States achieve equality of races. The Civil Rights Movement ended in 1968, when congress voted on the Civil Rights Act. African Americans were still treated badly and the Jim Crow Laws were repealed.

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Brown vs Board of Education was in 1954. This is when the Supreme Court established that white schools and African American schools should not be segregated. They ruled that segregated schools. The Supreme Court judges ruled this 9-0 showing that they all were in favor of getting rid of segregation. The most famous person who first went to a African American and White school was Ruby Bridges, in 1960.

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The March on Washington was one of the largest political rally for human rights. This event took place on August 28 1963. It was when more than 200,000 black and white people joined together and had a joyous day of speeches, song and prayers led by clergymen, civil rights leaders, politicians and entertainers.This event took place because of the continuing discrimination in the postwar years on black people.The effect of the March on Washington is that Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his I Have A Dream speech and the march was a catalyst to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The March on Washington was important because it fought for the rights of black people’s jobs and freedom. The march was intended to shed light on the challenges that black citizens were facing for over 100 years after the emancipation.

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Malcolm X also known as Malcolm Little was an African American Muslim minister and a human rights activist. In his early life he was orphaned because his dad died and his mom was in a mental asylum. When he was 25 he was sent to jail. In jail he joined the nation of Islam which then in the last moments of his life in a speech in public said that he regretted the decision of joining Islam. Malcolm X was active during the Civil Rights Era 1950 and 1960. Malcolm X was an orator. He talked to the black community about Civil Rights. He promoted violence as a tool for self-defense and encouraged separation versus integration. Because he wanted to defend black community and equality rights. He created a lot tension and violence among the black community. This is important because he contributed to obtain equal rights for the black community. Towards the end of his life he softened his view to obtain equal rights with violence. I think nevertheless I am not in agreement with his methods but he definitely had been a very important figure in the black community.

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Jim Crow Laws were racist Laws against African American people. Jim Crow was a character portrayed as a dimwitted and stupid African American man. Thus the name, Jim Crow Laws. These laws were designed to belittle African Americans and take away their basic rights as American citizens. They passed laws saying that whites and blacks couldn't use the same water fountains, bathrooms and schools. Jim Crow Laws were one of the things that started the Civil Rights Movement which resulted in the repeal of the Jim Crow Laws by congress in 1965

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Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was probably the most well known civil rights activist. His inspiration by Gandhi led him to be a lawyer and fight for equal rights. Martin Luther King Jr dreamed of a world where different people of color respected each other and celebrated each other’s differences. He decided to create that world and peacefully protest the mistreatment of African Americans  by boycotting and leading marches and protests. Eventually, Martin Luther King Jr and other civil rights activists were able to gain equality for African Americans. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was known as a hero and was put on the TIME magazine. On April 4th, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King was standing on his balcony looking out into the street. All of a sudden, he was shot by James Earl Ray. Unfortunately, Martin Luther King did not survive, but we still honor him as a hero today.

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Rosa Parks was a black women who refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man who couldn't get a seat in the white section of the bus. This happened on December 1 1955. She acted because Rosa didn't tolerate that white men have priority over people of color. On her birthday she was arrested. This is important because all people deserve equal rights. Rosa Parks’s nickname is “the first lady of civil rights.

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Ruby Bridges is a woman of color who was the first black child to go to an all white school in the south. Ruby went to this school in 1960. Ruby had to have federal marshals escort her in school. In school she was alone in a classroom with one teacher that she then bonded with. As she went up by grades she found herself in a normal class with white kids surrounding her. She went to this school because her mother thought that she would get a better education at a white school. This is important because people of color deserve the education that everyone else gets. I also think that it is amazing that Ruby is taking a stand and getting the education she deserves.