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https://www.gov.uk/guidance/water-voles-protection-surveys-and-licenceshttps://www.gov.uk/guidance/water-voles-protection-surveys-and-licences

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Difference between water voles and brown rats

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Difference between water voles and brown rats

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Water vole;
Blunt nose
Small round ears (not often visible)
Shorter furry tail
Chestnut-brown fur

Brown rat;
Pointed face
Clearly visible ears
Longer, scaly tail
Fur is darker

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American mink
Birds of prey: owls and marsh harriers
Foxes
Pike
Otters
Stoats
Herons
Brown rats
Cats
Golden eagle

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Water Vole Recovery Project aims to install mink rafts at 1km intervals at known vole habitats. Rafts and traps are available free to landowners on loan. Use of mink rafts requires consent from EA.

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Water Vole Recovery Project aims to install mink rafts at 1km intervals at known vole habitats. Rafts and traps are available free to landowners on loan. Use of mink rafts requires consent from EA.

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Water; slow flowin, at least a meter deep
Vegetation cover; lots of grassy vegetation for food and predator cover
Steep banks; they live in burrows built into the side of banks, with escape routes into the water but with most above water. In extreme conditions they will make floating nests but these are temporary
Space; they are territorial with between 30 and 200 meters of water edge, this depends on their sex. If the the watercourse is more than 3 meters wide each bank may be territory for a different water vole.

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Water voles are often misconstrued as brown rats. Some of this is owing to the name 'Ratty' of the watervole in the book The Wind In The Willows by Kenneth Graham

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https://ptes.org/get-involved/surveys/countryside-2/national-water-vole-monitoring-programme/https://ptes.org/get-involved/surveys/countryside-2/national-water-vole-monitoring-programme/

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National Data Base and Mapping Project  

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National Data Base and Mapping Project  

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Est 2008 by water vole Steering Group to collect and annotate water vole Survey records, map distribution ,and identify key conservation areas *also collects data on American Mink
Managed by
Nation heritage
PTES
ENVIRONMENT AGENCY
WILDLIFE TRUSTS

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227 different type of plants they eat.
Aerial stems and leaves of waterside plants. But can also take freshwater molluscs and crayfish. Winter, they rely on eating bark of willows and the roots and bulbs of herbaceous plants. They strip bark or eat new leaves, especially hawthorn, Elder and Willow.

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Identify regional key areas
Maintain national data base
Maintain and extend suitable habitat , reduce impact of mink ,
Ensure appropriate protection

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The Water Vole is the largest of the British Voles, adults weighing between 140 - 350 grams. The males being slightly bigger than the females. They are typically vole-like in its morphology with a rounded body, blunt muzzle  and short round ears; almost hidden in their thick fur of the head and nape.
Head/body length 140 - 220cm.
Tail: 95 - 140mm

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Water vole are protected under section 9 wildlife and countryside act. 1981 

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Water vole are protected under section 9 wildlife and countryside act. 1981 

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Predators - American mink in U.K. 1989-90

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Predators - American mink in U.K. 1989-90

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Information taken from environment agency book on water voles published 1999

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Water voles colonised Britain in two waves

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Did English and Scottish water voles arrive in Britain at the same time, or did later English colonisers displace the earlier arrivals? New research unpicks data spanning 28,000 years.