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http://www.history.com/topics/crusades/videos/the-crusades
http://www.history.com/topics/crusades
http://ruizspieces.com/hist/1402.html
http://coachsutphinlbms.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/5/8/13581481/spread_of_christianity1.pdf
https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/brbodart/www/middleages/sec4tier3.html

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One of the many factors that contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire was the rise of a new religion, Christianity. The Christian religion, which was monotheistic ran counter to the traditional Roman religion, which was polytheistic. In 330 C.E., Constantine split the empire into two parts: the western half centered in Rome and the eastern half centered in Constantinople, a city he named after himself. In 324, Constantine's army defeated the forces of Licinius, the emperor of the east. Constantine became emperor of the entire empire and founded a new capital city in the eastern half at Byzantium. The western Empire spoke Latin and was Roman Catholic. The eastern Empire spoke Greek and worshiped under the Eastern Orthodox branch of the Christian church. Over time, the east thrived, while the west declined.  The Church in the east taught that all men and women were sinners but that Christians could achieve salvation, or eternal life in heaven, through faith in Jesus, good works, and participation in sacraments, or sacred spiritual rituals.

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Since the Church had power of who went to Heaven and who didn't they had massive power-especially since they were the only Church at the time! Illiteracy of the people let the church gain more and more power. On top of that the Pope exercised the authority to give declare a monarch heretical and powerless to rule, it was called papal deposing power. The lives of the people surrounded the Church due to sacraments, rituals, and the fear in the people about Hell. Politics were very integrated as one can see, however Medieval Europe was not a theocracy. Heresy played a role in justice and order, largely surrounding questioning the Church. Scientific discoveries void of the one saying the solar system is geocentric, were looked down upon and interpreted as heresy. Excommunication and interdict were two of the consequences that had each had problem of their own. Investiture controversy is an important example of the conflict of power between the king (Henry IV) and Pope Gregory VII.

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Watch The Crusades Clip - Mankind The Story of All of Us | HISTORY

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Watch the The Crusades video clip of HISTORY's series Mankind The Story of All of Us'. Find this and many more videos only on HISTORY.

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Crusades were a medieval military expedition, a series of religious wars. The first one began in 1095 with four armies of Crusaders, which was called by Pope Urban II’s plea to go to war against the Muslim forces. The goal was to capture Jerusalem and ‘liberate’ it, as well as the rest of the Christian holy lands, from Muslim control. The failure of the Crusades affected the Pope because the loss made him seem less powerful and less trustworthy to succeed in future battles. They were often called ‘successful failures’ because they captured Jerusalem, but not all of it. And they also made a huge impact in history because they gave better knowledge to people which also gave them reasons to get out in the world and explore, which is a success.

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Monasteries were important economic centers and buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows . Monks were members of a religious community of men typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.  Monasteries became places where people would go to dedicate their lives and meditate. Monks had gathered in Monasteries and prayed together. The Monasteries had many rules, which some were very strict and Monks had to follow them. Monks knew how to read and write and had made many books which shared knowledge with many others. Even though monks didn't like to travel much, they worked very hard in the times they didn't travel or meditate.

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The Role of the Church- in the daily lives of the people

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The Role of the Church- in the daily lives of the people

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The Church was truly the center of the Medieval life. The feudal system was unfair for the serfs who were very much the majority of the population. However, since the fall of the Roman empire, education was less valued and illiteracy was wide spread. This lead to the serfs believing everything said by the Church. The hope of some day going to Heaven gave hope to the serfs and prevented rebellion. If you didn't follow or believe the Church, or were against it in any way you were labeled as a heretic and were at risk of being executed. The Church was very social place in addition to being a place of worship. Christian ritual and time of worship were part of everyday life. Monks and nuns would care for the sick and poor at this church. Sacraments also had to be completed to reach salvation so big events like marriage and baptism led people to surround themselves around the church more often.