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- Shmoop Editorial Team. "The Monster in Frankenstein." Shmoop. Shmoop University, 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 03 Mar. 2017
- Isaiah 53:3
- Isaiah 14:12

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"How you have fallen from heaven, morning star, son of the dawn! You have been cast down to the earth, you who once laid low the nations!"

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The Connection: Why did Shelley Make the Allusion?

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The Connection: Why did Shelley Make the Allusion?

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Through this allusion in her novel, Mary Shelly is trying to demonstrate the similarities and differences between Lucifer and Frankenstein's monster. While the monster and Lucifer have their differences, like their mindset before and after they were estranged by their creator, they both share the same outcome of rejection. Shelley alludes to Lucifer through the monster's perspective, when he makes a comparison to the fallen angel himself when reminding Frankenstein to "remember that I am thy creature; I ought to be thy Adam, but I am rather the fallen angel, whom thou drivest from joy for no misdeed. Everywhere I see bliss, from which I alone am irrevocably excluded" (Shelly 95-96). This quote is heavily Bible-based, starting from the allusion to Adam, one of God's first creations of man. It ultimately shows the feeling of exclusion from the one who made you in comparison to the other creation that, in that context, didn't totally face the wrath of rejection. On the other side of the spectrum, Lucifer had it all. He had the looks and the wisdom, but that was it. He has too much pride in himself, which if you think about it, is the polar opposite of the monster's situation. Through that, he has "fallen from Heaven" and "have been cast down to the earth, [he] who once laid low the nations" (Isaiah:14:12). The next source is also from the Bible, and it's another comparison between the monster and Lucifer. It states, "He was despised and rejected by men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not."

When Shelley was alluding these two, we think that she was trying to make a statement, with this specifically, that it doesn't matter how low or high you are in certain circumstances in your life, it's all on how your thoughts make the situation. For example, Frankenstein's monster started from nothing but dead body parts and Lucifer was a literal angel, but the way things went ultimately led to their demise in the form of rejection.

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"He was despised and rejected by men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not."

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"Remember that I am thy creature; I ought to be thy Adam, but I am rather the fallen angel, whom thou drivest from joy for no misdeed. Everywhere I see bliss, from which I alone am irrevocably excluded" (Shelly 95-96).

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A reference made to something  historically, politically, culturally, or literary significant.