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...also surveying participants about the timelines that the needs they identify are operating on. that could help you inform sequencing these tasks and looking into developing tasks into larger task cycles

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Maybe some questions about integrative motivation beyond just instrumental. Something about their "ideal language self" and what interpersonal or cultural connections and uses they might have for English

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I think Long has suggested having the learners give you a “language audit” where they write down all of the situations that come up over the course of a day or a week where they needed language in a notebook (on their phone).

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it's likely that they will have to commute, so tasks around taking public transportation would probably benefit them

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Provide them with some situations of issues that they might have, maybe by category (leaky roof, looking for jobs, etc.), ask them who they'd contact for help and how they'd go about it. If they're contacting friends in their L1 for repairs, for example, that could inform their needs

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Are there any tasks you consider necessary and you feel like you are already good?

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Are there any tasks you consider necessary and you feel like you are already good?

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What questions do you have about your child(ren)'s schooling? Do you have any events/expectations/goals you want better explained? Do you want to meet with your child(ren)'s teachers?

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How to leverage immersive experiences in the target language

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How to leverage immersive experiences in the target language

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For example, the person who is a server at a restaurant might be given some strategies to support the noticing of linguistic forms etc. What strategies do they already use? What strategies do they need/want?

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If you spoke English at a higher level, who do you wish you could talk to & what do you say?

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once you have done the interviews, take account of the themes that arise by gender. Maybe you'll find that more women focus on home tasks, childcare, etc., while men focus on career development, and they may have very different goals for language learning.

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What skills do you think you need to improve the most to function successfully in the U.S.?

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What skills do you think you need to improve the most to function successfully in the U.S.?

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Have participants share current language needs and aspirational language needs?

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Ask participants to list three priorities in each of the three need categories.

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What were their former language classes like?

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how to ask questions or initiate a repair for things like radiators, windows, leaking ceilings

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Ask participants if they have experienced a communication challenge in the US. Maybe you can recreate a task based on this situation

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Have participants rank them in terms of importance & frequency

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Could you tell me what typically do throughout the day? What things do you do (or have to do) with language?

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Ask participants to describe what a typical day looks like