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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality.

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a Washington, DC lawyer who defended Annie Lee Moss on March 11, 1954. He was the lead attorney in Bolling v. Sharpe. In 1955 he became the first African American to serve on the District of Columbia Public Utilities Commission.

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an American lawyer who served as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court's first African-American justice.

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an African American civil rights attorney who won several important decisions before the U.S. Supreme Court. He was also a long-time attorney for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.

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1857
Dred Scott, Plaintiff in Error v. John F. A. Sanford

1865
Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands

1865
Black Codes

1866
Civil Rights Act of 1866

1868
The 14th Amendment to the Constitution is ratified.

1873
Slaughterhouse Cases

1875
Civil Rights Act of 1875

1883
Civil Rights Cases

1887
Jim Crow

1896
Homer Adolph Plessy, Plaintiff in Error v. J.H. Ferguson, Judge of Section "A" Criminal District Court for the Parish of Orleans

1899
Cumming v. Board of Education of Richmond County, State of Georgia

1908
Thurgood Marshall is born in Baltimore, MD, on July 2nd.

1908
Berea College v. Commonwealth of Kentucky

1909
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People founded

1927
Gong Lum v. Rice

1935
NAACP begins challenging segregation in graduate and secondary schools. Assisted by his protege Thurgood Marshall, Charles Hamilton Houston, of the NAACP, began his strategy of challenging segregation in graduate and professional schools.

1938
State of Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada

1939
Thurgood Marshall named special counsel of the NAACP

1948
The NAACP board of directors formally endorsed Thurgood Marshall's view on segregation strategy.

1948
Sipuel v. Board of Regents of University of Oklahoma

1949
Briggs et al. v. Elliott et al.

1950
Sweatt v. Painter

1950
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents

1950
Bolling v. Sharpe

1951
February

1951
May
Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia, et al.

Briggs et al. v. Elliott et al.

1951
June
Brown v. Board of Education

951
October
Gebhart et al. v. Belton et al.; Gebhart et al. v. Bulah et al.; Belton et al. v. Gebhart et al.; Bulah et al. v. Gebhart et al.

1952
March
Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, VA

1952
April
Gebhart et al. v. Belton et al.; Gebhart et al. v. Bulah et al.; Belton et al. v. Gebhart et al.; Bulah et al. v. Gebhart et al.

1952
June

1952
October
The Bundling of the Brown v. Board Cases

1952
December 9th – 11th

1953
June

1953
September

1953
December 7th – 9th

1954
March

1954
May 17
Brown v. Board of Education

Bolling v. Sharpe

1954
October

1955
April

May 31: Brown II
On the last day of the term, the Supreme Court handed down Brown II, ordering that desegregation occur with "all deliberate speed."

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NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund handled these cases.

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Brown v. Board of Education (1954) | Separate Is NOT Equal

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Used people that have been to court before and have dealt with segregation.

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the civil rights movement in the United States. This was, in part, because despite the clarity of the decision, some states, particularly in the South, decided to defy the decision.

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marked a turning point in the history of race relations in the United States. On May 17, 1954, the Court stripped away constitutional sanctions for segregation by race, and made equal opportunity in education the law of the land.

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14th Amendment

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https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/brown-v-board
https://www.infoplease.com/us/government/judicial-branch/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka-1954
https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/brown-v-board/timeline.html
https://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/index.html
https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/brown-v-board