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PCOS is a hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges. The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome isn't well understood, but may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms include menstrual irregularity, excess hair growth, acne, and obesity.

Treatments include birth control pills to regularize periods, a medication called metformin to prevent diabetes, statins to control high cholesterol, hormones to increase fertility, and procedures to remove excess hair.

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Diabetes Mellitus Type II is a chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar, glucose. With type 2 diabetes, the body either doesn't produce enough insulin, or it resists insulin. Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, and blurred vision. In some cases, there may be no symptoms. Treatments include diet, exercise, medication, and insulin therapy.

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Diabetes Mellitus Type I is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, and blurred vision. Treatment aims at maintaining normal blood sugar levels through regular monitoring, insulin therapy, diet, and exercise.

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Hyperthyroidism is the overproduction of the thyroid. It is the production of too much thyroxine hormone. It can increase metabolism. Symptoms include unexpected weight loss, rapid or irregular heartbeat, sweating, and irritability, although the elderly often experience no symptoms.

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A condition in which the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone. Hypothyroidism's deficiency of thyroid hormones can disrupt things such as heart rate, body temperature, and all aspects of metabolism. Major symptoms include fatigue, cold sensitivity, constipation, dry skin, and unexplained weight gain.

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Goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. A goiter commonly develops as a result of iodine deficiency or inflammation of the thyroid gland. Not all cause symptoms but, symptoms that do occur may include swelling, and cough. Rarely, symptoms may include throat tightness or trouble breathing.

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Thyroid cancer is a cancer of the thyroid. The cause of thyroid cancer is poorly understood, but may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some people have no symptoms while others may notice a lump in the neck.

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Prolactinoma is when the hormone-producing gland in the brain overproduces prolactin, decreasing the levels of some sex hormones. It's caused by a noncancerous tumor on the gland. Common symptoms include breast discharge and irregular menstrual periods in women, and men may experience decreased sexual desire and breast enlargement. Prolactinoma can cause impaired vision and infertility.

Treatments include medications, surgery, and radiation.

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Dwarfism is a shortness in height that results from a genetic or medical condition. A common cause of dwarfism is a genetic mutation that affects bone growth. Common complications include bowing of the legs, hunching of the back, and crowded teeth. Treatments are aimed at reducing complications.

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Gigantism is an abnormal growth due to an excess of growth hormone during childhood. Symptoms include an abnormally tall stature, abnormal growth of the face, hands and feet, and several others. If left untreated, gigantism can lead to a variety of complications, such as heart disease, unusual height, delayed puberty, and double vision.

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Addison's diseases is a disorder in which the adrenal glands don't produce enough hormones. The disease is characterized by progressive anemia, low blood pressure, great weakness, and bronze discoloration of the skin. It is caused by inadequate secretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex.

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An immune system disorder of the butterfly-shaped gland in the throat, the thyroid. Grave's disease occurs when the thyroid overproduces hormones. Symptoms include anxiety, hand tremor, heat sensitivity, weight loss, puffy eyes and enlarged thyroid.

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Hashmito's disease is when the immune system attacks the butterfly-shaped gland in the neck, the thyroid. Initially, inflammation of the thyroid causes a leak resulting in excess thyroid hormones. Over time, the inflammation prevents the thyroid from producing enough hormones. Symptoms include fatigue and unexplained weight gain.

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A condition that occurs from exposure to high cortisol levels for a long time. Cushing's disease most common cause is the use of steroid drugs, but it can also occur from overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Signs are a fatty hump between the shouldersa rounded face, and pink or purple stretch marks.