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1. What does equality mean in the context of gender?

2. Where did gender inequality originate?

3. Where do we see gender inequality in everyday life?

4.  How can we advance gender equality?

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1. Ask students to draw a few professionals one at a time - a doctor, a teacher, and a scientist
2. After students have completed their drawings, ask how many students drew a man or woman for each profession and keep a tally on the board. Most likely, most of the doctors and scientists are men and most of the teachers are women.
3. Have a discussion about why that might be. Why did they choose the gender they did? Where do those assumptions come from?

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Learning Objectives:

Psychomotor: Students will draw representations of people in various careers using the materials provided.

Cognitive: Students will discuss gender bias in their drawings with classmates.

Affective: Students will examine their own assumptions about gender and career.

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Activity 2: Boys Like, Girls Like, Kids Like

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Activity 2: Boys Like, Girls Like, Kids Like

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1. Make a large Venn diagram on the board, one side labeled "boys like", one labeled "girls like
2. Ask students what girls like and what boys like (ie. dancing, sports, blue, etc.)
3. Using post-it notes, place each suggestion in the appropriate side of the diagram
4. When a kid protests that one of the things could be liked by either gender, place it in the overlapping section and label it "kids like"
5. By the end of the activity, the post-its should all be in the "kids like" section as there are always counter examples to generalizations, showing that preferences are up to the individual not to their gender

(Institute for Humane Education, n.d.)

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Activity 2: Boys Like, Girls Like, Kids Like

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Activity 2: Boys Like, Girls Like, Kids Like

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Learning Objectives:

Psychomotor: Students will raise their hands to make suggestions.

Cognitive: Students will consider what activities each gender likes.

Affective: Students will reflect on how they felt during this activity.

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By Molly Knox Ostertag

This middle grade graphic novel centers around main character Aster, who lives in a magical world where gender roles are clearly defined. Women are witches and men are shapeshifters. Aster wants to be a witch, and has a knack for magic, but it is forbidden due to his gender. When his family is later endangered by a monster, Aster has to put aside gender roles in order to come to the rescue. In the end, the monster turns out to be a product of the forced gender roles in the society, reinforcing the message that forced roles are detrimental to all.
https://www.amazon.com/Witch-Boy-Molly-Knox-Ostertag/dp/133808951X/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=witch+boy&qid=1574361709&sr=8-1

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Susan B. Anthony: Fighter for Freedom and Equality

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Susan B. Anthony: Fighter for Freedom and Equality

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Written by Suzanne Buckingham Slade and Illustrated by Craig Orback

This picture book biography of Susan B. Anthony chronicles her fight for equality between the genders. Susan B. Anthony is well known for her fight for women's suffrage. This book provides a good starting point for young kids to understand the history of gender inequality in the United States. This book presents important information in a simple way appropriate for young children.

*Included in EngageNY P-12 Text List
https://www.amazon.com/gp/offer-listing/1404831045/ref=olp_page_1?ie=UTF8&f_all=true&qid=1574361788&sr=8-1

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By Emily Arnold McCully

In this early reader a young girl named Cordelia learns about her neighbor, famed suffragette Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and heres battle for women's right to vote. At first she is uninterested, but comes around to understand the importance of equality. She wants to show she is just as good as any boy so Cordelia accompanies Elizabeth Cady Stanton to try to vote on election day where they meet resistance. This book is slightly more advances than the biography on Susan B. Anthony in includes fiction elements, but also gives great information on the history of gender equality in this country.

*Included in EngageNY P-12 Text List
https://www.amazon.com/Ballot-Battle-Emily-Arnold-McCully/dp/0679879382/ref=sr_1_1?crid=10TLDGSZA6Y76&keywords=the+ballot+box+battle&qid=1574361826&s=books&sprefix=the+ballot+bo%2Cstripbooks%2C144&sr=1-1

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Written by Rachael MacFarlane
Illustrated by Spencer Laudiero

This book is a rhyming and colorful picture book that is simple and engaging and stars Harrison Dwight. Children from toddlers to early elementary school would enjoy this book. Harrison does not let gender dictate what he like and dislikes or what he does or does not do. This text encourages children to be free to be themselves, regardless of gender norms, and to express their emotions freely.
https://www.amazon.com/Harrison-Dwight-Ballerina-Rachael-MacFarlane/dp/1250138582/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1I6BLG5F4RIN3&keywords=harrison+dwight+ballerina+and+knight&qid=1574361848&s=books&sprefix=harrison+dwight%2Cstripbooks%2C140&sr=1-1

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Written by Pamela Bobowicz and Painted by Eda Kaban

This Marvel picture book features female super heroes and other strong women explaining what is means to be a hero. The text encourages readers to embrace their strengths, whatever they may be. these strengths include science, leadership, strategy, and loyalty among others.  The illustrations show women in positions of strength - ready for battle, in a lab, and leading others. The text and illustrations work together to show that women are capable of much more than what stereotypes may lead one to believe. This work has the potential to inspire young girls to embrace their potential.
https://www.amazon.com/Captain-Marvel-What-Makes-Hero/dp/1368048072/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=what+makes+a+hero&qid=1574361729&sr=8-1

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Written by Leslea Newman and Illustrated by Cyd Moore

When Ruthie visits her Nana in this picture book, Nana has clear ideas about what Ruthie should play with. Ruthie sees Brian playing with trucks, trains, and cars and asks Nana is she can play with toys like that too. Nana doesn't have those toys for Ruthie. Instead, she assumes Ruthie wants to play with dolls, play dress up, and do art. This book brings up the assumptions often made about us based on our gender and on gendered stereotypes. In the end, Ruthie's grandma realizes she has her own taste in toys regardless of her gender.
https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-fire-engine-for-ruthie-leslea-newman/1103789165

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Written by Leslea Newman and Illustrated by Maria Mola

Sparkle Boy is a picture book about a little boy named Casey who loves all things sparkly. He wears a shiny skirt, a sparkly bracelet, and paint his nails with glitter polish. At first, his sister tells him he can't have those things because he's a boy, but the adults in their lives allow Casey to wear whatever he likes, regardless of the expectations of his gender. Finally, his sister realizes gender doesn't have to determine what her brother wears. This book does a great job of pointing out how rules about what boys and girls can and cannot do only exist because we agree to them, but we don't have to.
https://www.amazon.com/Sparkle-Boy-Leslea-Newman/dp/1620142856/ref=sr_1_1?crid=KIS57O7CFDYF&keywords=sparkle+boy&qid=1574361924&s=books&sprefix=sparkle%2Cstripbooks%2C147&sr=1-1

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By Margot Lee Shetterly

This middle grade version of the adult novel Hidden Figures tells the story of four African-American women who were instrumental at NASA during the space race. Although these women faced a great deal of discrimination based on their race, they also overcame barriers set forth by their gender. This book illustrates the important contributions of women and what the world could be missing out on in girls don't embrace their talents in math and science. A great illustration of what can be achieved when gender (and racial) stereotypes are fought against.

*There is also a picture book version of this story*

https://www.amazon.com/Hidden-Figures-Readers-Margot-Shetterly/dp/0062662376/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3L6C2MP1SMBKY&keywords=hidden+figures+young+readers%27+edition&qid=1574361908&s=books&sprefix=hidden+figures+%2Cstripbooks%2C140&sr=1-1

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Written by Jane Yoel and Heidi E. Y. Stemple and Illunstrated by Anne-Sophie Languetin

In this simple picture book, princesses (girls) are depicted in all sorts of settings and clothes, all while wearing crowns. They play sports, play in the mud with dogs, do construction, eat heartily, and dance in dresses among other activities. In this book, girls are depicted as capable of doing all sorts of activities. The addition of the crowns, and the naming of them as princesses reinforces the idea that no activity makes girls less feminine - they are princesses (girls) no matter how they dress or what they do.
https://www.amazon.com/Not-All-Princesses-Dress-Pink/dp/1416980180/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1X6J2PJU1HFMZ&keywords=not+all+princesses+dress+in+pink&qid=1574361954&s=books&sprefix=not+all+princes%2Cstripbooks%2C145&sr=1-1

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By Carli Lloyd

This middle grade memoir chronicles the life of soccer all-star Carli Lloyd as she makes her way to the top. Carli faces many challenges along the way, but one of the biggest is her own self-doubt. Through hard work and perseverance she is able to overcome any lack of confidence and become incredibly successful. This book illustrates how gender can play a role in self-doubt and inspires young readers to believe in themselves, regardless of the opinions of others and work hard to achieve their goals.
https://www.amazon.com/All-Heart-Dedication-Determination-Soccers/dp/0544978692/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=all+heart&qid=1574361875&s=books&sr=1-1

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Written by Robb Pearlman and Illustrated by Eda Kaban

This simple picture book, ideal for toddlers, goes through each color and assures the reader they are all for both boys and girls. The illustrations match each color being discussed and show the reader where one may find all the colors. For example, blue is on baseball uniforms, yellow on a crown, and green in the grass. The simple message that colors are for everyone to enjoy represents a departure from traditional gendering of colors and frees children to express themselves with whatever color they see fit.
https://www.amazon.com/Pink-Boys-Robb-Pearlman/dp/0762462477/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=pink+is+for+boys&qid=1574361974&s=books&sr=1-1

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Written by Deborah Underwood and Illustrated by Meg Hunt

A creative retelling of cinderella in space, this rhyming picture book has a lot to offer. The fun prose and colorful illustrations are immediately engaging. This cinderella is an excellent mechanic and when she fixes the prince's space ship, they have a long conversation about the things that interest them but are cut short and Cinderella leaves her wrench behind. In the traditional tale, the prince is searching for Cinderella because of her beauty and looking for her by searching for her dainty small feet, but in this version he is looking for someone with the skills to fix a spaceship! When he finds Cinderella, he asks for her hand in marriage but she replies that she is too young and instead becomes his head mechanic! This story beautifully illustrates that girls have more to them than their looks and that marriage doesn't have to be the ultimate goal.
https://www.amazon.com/Interstellar-Cinderella-Deborah-Underwood/dp/1452125325/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2MHN418T42GWT&keywords=interstellar+cinderella&qid=1574362039&s=books&sprefix=interstella%2Cstripbooks%2C159&sr=1-1

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By Fiona Robinson

Ada Lovelace was a British woman with a skill for mathematics. This picture book is a short biography of her life and how she came to be considered the first computer programmer. Ada's mother raised her to follow gendered traditions - dressing up, attending balls, and becoming a wife and mother, despite her desire to become an engineer. Despite this, Ada worked with an engineer and wrote an algorithm for one of his inventions that mirrors contemporary computer programming. Despite Ada's gender, she made great accomplishments. What could she have accomplished if she were allowed to pursue her interests and find her full potential? Gender inequality played a large role in Ada's life.
https://www.amazon.com/Adas-Ideas-Lovelace-Computer-Programmer/dp/141971872X/ref=sr_1_1?crid=TV6BX7HFTNTU&keywords=adas+ideas&qid=1574361990&s=books&sprefix=adas+ide%2Cstripbooks%2C145&sr=1-1

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By Barbara E Barber and Darryl Ligasan

Allie is a young girl who receives a basketball as a gift from her dad. At first, she can't make a shot. The other kids tell her it is because she is a girl and girls shouldn't play basketball, but Allie keeps trying and gets better. When she does, the other kids see she was right all along - anyone can play sports as long as they practice and keep trying. Gender does not determine what people can and can't do.
https://www.amazon.com/Allies-Basketball-Revised-Barbara-Barber/dp/1880000725/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1IBBQ9ULDNT5V&keywords=allies+basketball+dream&qid=1574362063&s=books&sprefix=allies+basket%2Cstripbooks%2C145&sr=1-1

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Written by Tanya Lee Stone and Illustrated by Marjorie Priceman

This story of the first female doctor, Elizabeth Blackwell, is a powerful tale! This picture book discusses how women were not allowed to do many things or have careers in the 1830s, but Elizabeth Blackwell challenged that and graduated medical school at the top of her class. People told her she couldn't do it because women were weak and not as smart as men, but she showed that women are capable of more than what they were being allowed to do! This text is a great introduction to the history of gender inequality and is also very inspiring!
https://www.amazon.com/Who-Says-Women-Cant-Doctors/dp/1250183391/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2YWCKYG0JAD0E&keywords=who+says+women+cant+be+doctors&qid=1574362015&s=books&sprefix=who+says+women+%2Cstripbooks%2C144&sr=1-1

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Written by Kimberly Brubaker Bradley and Illustrated by R.W. Alley

In this fun picture book, Nate sees a ballet and wants to become a ballerina. His brother tells him he can't because he is a boy and tells him he'll have to wear a dress if he wants to learn ballet. Nate joins a ballet class and meets a male professional ballet dancer who tells Nate that although he may not be able to be a ballerina, he can be a ballerino. This story encourages children to follow their passions regardless of expectations of them based on their gender.
https://www.amazon.com/gp/offer-listing/0803729545

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By Kate T. Parker

This book compiles photographs of girls and young women doing everything they love. Prettiness has been considered the most valued attribute of women and girls for a long time, however this book proposes that strength should replace it. The book encourages readers to be themselves, regardless of expectation. It discusses all the different ways a person can be strong and illustrates them through photographs and quotations. This book acknowledges traditional gendered values but proposes a better way.
https://www.amazon.com/Strong-New-Pretty-Celebration-Themselves/dp/0761189130/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2BYAZUDFMS6TR&keywords=strong+is+the+new+pretty&qid=1574362249&s=books&sprefix=strong+is+the+new%2Cstripbooks%2C147&sr=1-1

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Written by Sarah and Ian Hoffman and Illustrated by Chris Case

In this picture book, Jacob enjoys wearing dresses. Some fo the kids at school tell him he can't because he is a boy, but Jacob perseveres and wears what he wants as he believes all clothes should be for all people who want to wear them. His teacher points out to the class that it wasn't all that long ago that women were not allowed to wear pants and that it's important that the genders are treated equally.
https://www.amazon.com/Jacobs-New-Dress-Sarah-Hoffman/dp/0807563730/ref=sr_1_1?crid=30UB2SIP5CC8W&keywords=jacobs+new+dress&qid=1574362227&s=books&sprefix=jacobs+new+d%2Cstripbooks%2C145&sr=1-1

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Written by Kirsten Gillibrand and Illustrated by Maira Kalman

This picture book tells the story of ten women who played important roles in advancing women's rights. Each woman had to be bold and brave in order to make progress and the book encourages readers to continue that tradition by being bold and brave themselves and standing up for equality. This is another great text for helping children understand how far the right for gender equality has come and also offers words of encouragement in continuing to move it forward.
https://www.amazon.com/Bold-Brave-Heroes-Women-Right/dp/052557901X/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=bold+and+brave&qid=1574362164&s=books&sr=1-1

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Written by Malala Yousafzai and illustrated by Kerascoet

A simple autobiography of Malala Yousafzai's life tells the tale of current gender inequality in Pakistan, where girls are banned from attending school during her childhood. Malala chooses to speak up, at great personal risk, in an effort to advance gender equality. This story illustrates how the fight for gender equality is in different stages around the world and is certainly not over. It is something that still needs to be fought for.
https://www.amazon.com/s?k=malalas+magic+pencil&i=stripbooks&crid=22EQ8C26XKYD9&sprefix=malalas+ma%2Cstripbooks%2C144&ref=nb_sb_ss_i_1_10

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By Deborah Hopkinson

This middle grade book is part of the "Who HQ" book series and gives a great overview of the women's rights movement and those who played important roles in it. This book covers not only the women's suffrage movement but also the fight for equal pay and employment opportunities and even recent movements for continued progress toward gender equality.  This book is great next step after picture book introductions as it gives greater detail and covers more parts of the movement than some oft he simpler titles.
https://www.amazon.com/What-Womens-Rights-Movement-Was/dp/1524786292/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3TL8U7DYP5E1T&keywords=what+is+the+womens+rights+movement&qid=1574362209&s=books&sprefix=what+is+the+womens+%2Cstripbooks%2C146&sr=1-1

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Barber, B. E. (1998). Allie’s Basketball Dream. New York, NY: Lee & Low Books.

Bobowicz, R. (2019). Captain Marvel What Makes a Hero. New York, NY: Marvel Press.

Bradley, K. B. (2006). Ballerino Nate. New York, NY: Dial Press.

Gillibrand, K. (2018). Bold & Brave: Ten Heroes Who Won Women the Right to Vote. New York, NY: Knopf Books for Young Readers.

Hoffman, S. & Hoffman, I. (2014). Jacob’s New Dress. Park Ridge, IL: Albert Whitman & Company.

Institute for Humane Education. (n.d). Boys Like, Girls Like, Kids Like. Surry, ME: Ashley Miller.

Lloyd, C. & Coffey, W. (2016). All Heart: My Dedication and Determination to Become One of Soccer’s Best. Boston, MA: HMH Books for Young Readers.

MacFarlane, R. (2019). Harrison Dwight, Ballerina and Knight. New York, NY: Imprint Press.

McCully, E. A. (1996). The Ballot Box Battle. New York, NY: Knopf Books for Young Readers.

Newman, L. (2004). A Fire Engine for Ruthie. Boston, MA: Clarion Books.

Newman, L. (2017). Sparkle Boy. New York, NY: Lee & Low Books.

Ostertag, M. K. (2017). Witch Boy. New York, NY: Scholastic Inc.

Parker, K. T. (2017). Strong is the New Pretty: A Celebration of Girls Being Themselves. New York, NY: Workman Publishing Company.

Pearlman, R. (2018) Pink is For Boys. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press.

Robinson, F. (2016). Ada’s Ideas: The Story of Ada Lovelace, The World’s First Computer Programmer. New York, NY: Harry N. Abrams.

Shetterly, M. L. (2016). Hidden Figures: Young Readers Edition. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishing.

Slade, S. B. (2007). Susan B. Anthony: Fighter for Freedom and Equality. Bloomington, MN: Picture Window Books.

Stone, T. L. (2018). Who Says Women Can’t Be Doctors?: The Story of Elizabeth Blackwell. New York, NY: Square Fish Books.

Underwood, D. (2015). Interstellar Cinderella. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books.

Yolen, J. & Stemple, H.E. Y. (2010). Not All Princesses Dress in Pink. New York, NY: Simon & Shuster Books for Young Readers.

Yousafzai, M. (2017). Malala’s Magic Pencil. New York, NY: Little, Brown Books for Young Readers.