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This all began with the Louisiana Separate Car Act. Plessy, who was 7/8 white decided to help go against this law. He went into a whites only car and refused to leave. Plessy was arrested and convicted. This supreme court decision became a landmark decision because it upheld the fact that segregation was constitutional as long as the two separate facilities were equal in quality (Oyez).

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The Jim Crow laws were laws set in place that legalized segregation.   It was named after a derogatory song lyric of the time on the laws. They existed for about 100 years after the civil war, until 1968. As more African Americans moved into cities, these laws spread to limit their opportunities.  In the post World War II era the laws began to be removed (History).

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The freedmen's bureau was established in 1865. It was meant to help former slaves and poor whites in the aftermath of the war. It gave them food, housing and medical aid and educational opportunities. It was not able to fully carry out its mission because of a shortage of funds. It was also hindered by the politics and animosity in the reconstruction age (History).

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Booth was a member of one of the nations most popular and distinguished acting families. From a young age he was very talented but driven by emotions and egocentricity. Being born in Maryland, Booth was a southerner on the confederate side of the civil war. He was an advocate for slavery and hated Lincoln for freeing the slaves. He was the one to assassinate the president in Ford's theater (Britannica).

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Grant was most known for being the general and commander of the union army during the civil war and later becoming president of the United States. Grant experienced one of his famous victories during the civil war at the battle at Shiloh and Vicksburg. The union strategy was to take the Mississippi river, which Grant succeeded in. After the union victory Grant became the 18th president and the youngest president to have entered office as of that point. He helped push the ratification of the 15th amendment (Biography).

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Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the US and the first republican president. He was previously an Illinois senator before taking office. Shortly after taking office, South Carolina left the union, starting the civil war. Abraham Lincoln signed the emancipation proclamation which freed the slaves of the southern confederacy. A week after the union victory in the civil war, Lincoln was shot and killed (White House).