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Don't show a trend in reactivity .

Forms coloured compounds

Can for ions with different charges.

Can form more than 1 compound with another element.

Can form complex ions

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Common transition metals;

Scandium

Titanium

Vanadium

Chromium

Manganese

Iron

Cobalt

Nickel

Copper

Zinc

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Transition metals

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Chemical properties of transition elements !!

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Chemical properties of transition elements !!

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There are differences in the chemical properties of metals in group 1 and the transition elements.

Chemical reactions

Reactions with oxygen

The group 1 elements react quickly with oxygen in the air at room temperature. Most transition elements react slowly, or not at all, with oxygen at room temperature. Some transition metals react with oxygen on heating, for example:

copper + oxygen → copper oxide

2Cu(s) + O₂(g) → 2CuO(s)

Reactions with water

The group 1 elements react vigorously with cold water. Most transition elements react slowly with cold water, or not at all.

Iron reacts with water and oxygen at room temperature to form hydrated iron(III) oxide, or rust.

For more information on rusting, visit the Using materials study guide.

Reactions with halogens

The group 1 elements react vigorously with the halogens. Some transition elements also react with halogens, for example:

iron + chlorine → iron(III) chloride

Fe(s) + Cl₂(g) → FeCl₃(s)

Coloured compounds
Metals that are not transition elements usually form white compounds. Transition elements form coloured compounds.

The table shows the colours of some iron compounds.

CompoundColourIron(II) hydroxide, Fe(OH)₂ | Pale green
Iron(III) hydroxide, Fe(OH)₃ | Orange-brown
Iron(III) oxide, Fe₂O₃ | Red-brown

Catalytic activity

Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of reaction without being used up in the reaction. For example:

iron is the catalyst in the

Haber process

, which makes ammonia

manganese(IV) oxide increases the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water

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Predict the differences in the hardness and strength of nickel and potassium. Give a reason for your prediction.

Nickel is harder and stronger than potassium. The reason for this prediction is that nickel is a transition element and potassium is in group 1.

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Hiruki

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Quick Question ??

1. Compare the properties of sodium and chromium. How does the data show that chromium is a typical transition element, and sodium is a typical group 1 metal?

Chromium has a much higher melting point than sodium. The density of chromium is also greater than sodium. Most transition elements have high melting points and densities, so chromium is a typical transition element. The group 1 elements have low melting points and densities, so sodium is a typical group 1 element.

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Physical properties

The transition metals do not show trends in group properties, unlike group 1 and group 7, which do show trends.

Transition metals have similar properties, and some of these properties are different from those of the metals in group 1.

The transition metals have the following physical properties in common:

they are good

conductors

of heat and electricity

they can be hammered or bent into shape easily

they have high

melting points

(but mercury is a liquid at room temperature)

they are usually hard and tough

they have high

densities

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They are the block of 30 elements in the middle of the periodic table.
eg:- tin, copper, silver

Physical Properties

Hard, Tough & Strong

High Melting points

Malleable and ductile

Good conductors of heat and electricity

High Density

Chemical Properties

They are much less reactive than G1 metals

They show no clear trend in reactivity unlike G1 metals

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They make colored compounds

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Properties of transition metals
The transition elements share some physical properties with all metals:

they conduct electricity in the solid and liquid states

they are shiny when freshly cut

Some properties of transition elements are different from those of the metals in group 1. Compared to other metals, most transition metals have:

higher

melting points

higher

densities

greater strength

greater hardness

**Remember point

Remember that these are typical properties – some transition metals may not show one or more of them. For example, mercury melts at just -39°C, so it is a liquid at room temperature.

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🔧🔗 𝕾𝖆𝖏𝖏𝖆𝖉 - 𝕿𝕸 🔗🔧

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🔧🔗 𝕾𝖆𝖏𝖏𝖆𝖉 - 𝕿𝕸 🔗🔧

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𝐇𝐚𝐫𝐝, 𝐓𝐨𝐮𝐠𝐡, 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐠 💪
𝐍𝐨𝐭 𝐒𝐨𝐟𝐭 𝐚𝐬 𝐆𝟏 𝐌𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐬 📑
𝐇𝐢𝐠𝐡 𝐌𝐞𝐥𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐏𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬 💢
𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 🔥
𝐆𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐇𝐞𝐚𝐭 & 𝐄𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐲 ⚡
𝐇𝐢𝐠𝐡 𝐃𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 〰

𝘿𝙚𝙛𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 - 𝕋𝕣𝕒𝕟𝕤𝕚𝕥𝕚𝕠𝕟 𝕞𝕖𝕥𝕒𝕝, 𝕒𝕟𝕪 𝕠𝕗 𝕧𝕒𝕣𝕚𝕠𝕦𝕤 𝕔𝕙𝕖𝕞𝕚𝕔𝕒𝕝 𝕖𝕝𝕖𝕞𝕖𝕟𝕥𝕤 𝕥𝕙𝕒𝕥 𝕙𝕒𝕧𝕖 𝕧𝕒𝕝𝕖𝕟𝕔𝕖 𝕖𝕝𝕖𝕔𝕥𝕣𝕠𝕟𝕤—𝕚.𝕖., 𝕖𝕝𝕖𝕔𝕥𝕣𝕠𝕟𝕤 𝕥𝕙𝕒𝕥 𝕔𝕒𝕟 𝕡𝕒𝕣𝕥𝕚𝕔𝕚𝕡𝕒𝕥𝕖 𝕚𝕟 𝕥𝕙𝕖 𝕗𝕠𝕣𝕞𝕒𝕥𝕚𝕠𝕟 𝕠𝕗 𝕔𝕙𝕖𝕞𝕚𝕔𝕒𝕝 𝕓𝕠𝕟𝕕𝕤—𝕚𝕟 𝕥𝕨𝕠 𝕤𝕙𝕖𝕝𝕝𝕤 𝕚𝕟𝕤𝕥𝕖𝕒𝕕 𝕠𝕗 𝕠𝕟𝕝𝕪 𝕠𝕟𝕖.

ｓｐｅｃｉａｌｉｔｙ - 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑦 𝑐𝑎𝑛 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙

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What are Transition Metals?
They are the block of metals placed between group II and group III in the periodic table.
Eg : Fe, Tn, Cu, Ag
Physical Properties.
1. Hard, Tough and Strong.
2. High melting points.
3. Malleable and Ductile.
4. Good conductors of electricity   and heat.
5. High density.
Chemical Properties.
1. Less reactive than group 1 metals.
2. Show no clear trend in reactivity than group 1 metals.
3.  Most of these metals form coloured compounds.
4. They also can form ions with different charges.
5. Have the ability to form a compound with another element.
6. Can form complex ions.
Uses -
Act as catalysts
Used as conductors of heat and electricity.
Making alloys
Used in structures.

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Typical transition elements

The elements below have properties that are typical of transition elements:

chromium, Cr

manganese, Mn

iron, Fe

cobalt, Co

nickel, Ni

copper, Cu

The table shows the melting point and density of some transition elements, compared to three metals in the periodic table that are not transition elements.

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here are some examples of common transition metals- natara hassim

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here are some examples of common transition metals- natara hassim

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iron,copper,nickel

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Transition elements are the block of 30 metals in the Periodic table
Eg:- Copper

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They are a region of metals present in the middle of the Periodic Table. These metals are commonly used in our day today lives.  Ex: Iron, Copper, Silver and Gold. In fact Iron is the most commonly used metal.
Physical properties:
1. Hard
2.High melting points(exception for mercury)
3.Good conductors of haet and electricity
4.Malleable and ductile
Chemical Properties
1. Less Reactive
2.No clear trend of reactivity
3.Can form more than one compound with another element.
Uses
1. Due to them being hard they are used in constructions.
2. Good conductors of heat and electricity.
3.Many of their compound act as cataylists

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The block of 30 metals placed between group II and group III in the periodic table.
Eg: Fe, Cu, Ni, Na

Physical Properties
1. Hard, Tough and Strong
2. High melting points
3. Malleable and Ductile
4. Good conductors of electricity   and heat
5. High density

Chemical Properties
1. Much less reactive than G1 metals
2. No clear trend in reactivity
3. Most transition elements form coloured compounds
4. Most can form ions with different charges.
Eg: Fe2+, Fe3+
They have a variable valency
5. They can form more than one compound with another element
6. Most transition metals can form complex ions

Uses
1. Hard, strong transition elements are used in structures such as buildings.
2. Used in making alloys
3. Used as conductors of heat and electricity
4. Act as catalysts

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Transition metals

The transition elements are metals. They have high melting points and densities, and are strong and hard. They form coloured compounds and act as catalysts.

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TRANSITION METALS

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Dimuthu Amarasiri