# data[].attributes.body
Catherine “Kitty” Genovese was a 28-year-old woman who was brutally murdered outside of her Queens apartment in New York City on March 13, 1964.
https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/06/08/kitty-genovese/

# data[].attributes.headline
Other Theories As To Why People Didn't Help Kitty:

# data[].attributes.subject
Other Theories As To Why People Didn't Help Kitty:

# data[].attributes.body
Darley and Latané  conducted a series of experiments that introduced the theory of because of the “diffusion of responsibility”. In other words, a negative event, such as a public attack on a person or a person falling ill on the street and collapsing and needing help, was less likely to result in such help being given if there were many witnesses than if there were few. In fact the fewer the witnesses, the more help was given. If many people saw an attack, for example, each one was likely to believe that others had already called for help, were assisting, or had decided it was not an emergency situation. Anyway, the result was the same: people didn't help.

# data[].attributes.body
To study the factors affecting whether people would help a collapsed man on the New York underground.

# data[].attributes.body
-4550 passengers on the trains targeted by researchers
-An average of 43 per carriage
-Model average of 8 in the immediate 'critical' area
-45% black and 55% white

# data[].attributes.body
The study was a field experiment carried out on the trains of the New York subway. A male experimenter faked a collapse between stops, in one situation there was a 7.5 minute gap between the stops. " females recorded the number of people who helped & the amount of time take. There was also a model helper, between 6 & 8 trials were run on a given day between 11am and 3pm.

# data[].attributes.body
-The victim's responsibility for being in a situation where they needed help (ill or drunk)
-The race of the victim (black or white)
-The Number of passengers
-The presence of a model helper

These conditions were all varied throughout the study

# data[].attributes.body
-79% of the victims received help
-Help was more likely if the victim appeared ill
-Some increased tendancy for the people to help others of the same race
-The no. of bystanders made little difference
-Most were helped before the model could step in

# data[].attributes.body
The environment 7 situation were realistic towards the participants, so this increased the ecological validity lot

# data[].attributes.body
This study had many ethical problems:
-interfering with other people's business
-Caused harm & distress
-There was no consent
-This meant that there could be no withdrawl from the study
-This means that they were deceived
There was no debriefing

# data[].attributes.body
https://youtu.be/z4S1LLrSzVE

# data[].attributes.body
As there were two observers, inter-rater reliability could be checked in the experiment

# data[].attributes.body
https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https://www.ocr.org.uk/Images/340551-piliavin-et-al-lesson-element.docx
Page 14-15

# data[].attributes.body
As it was conducted in a single city, and it was assumed that the findings could be generalized to other contexts. This means that the population validity isn't high

# data[].attributes.body
Doing many repeats on the same metro line would decrease the internal validity as some people might take it multiple times and this would create order effects.

# data[].attributes.body
-Provided people are in a closed environment where they cannot simply leave, they're likely to help someone in need
-Helping is most likely when the victim  is seen as not responsible for the situation & same race as helpers
-The numbers of bystanders is not important in this situation

# data[].attributes.body
https://youtu.be/k1NLRoaJlDY