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http://old.wordtravels.com/images/map/Turkey_map.jpg

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https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/hVsGdeconBi8TV8q_NPlK4G8iR8r5OC1Ow62EaeHm5Je7cthOCq5kyQ3T9hp1twQNBCdaKUbjJegRBZw3QavUy3mhuJPMGWV_g=w300-h212

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1.Picture:https://armedia.am/eng/news/15539/how-does-turkey-try-to-save-its-face-on-the-centennial-of-armenian-genocide.html

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In present day, the world knows about the Turkey and Armenian genocide. But Turkey to this date denies that the genocide ever happened, and say it is all fake. But anybody who mentions it in Turkey is punished severely. Indirectly proving that Turkey is trying to cover it up. But still America stopped trying to make Turkey admit the genocide, because Turkey is a valuable ally and supports America through trade and more. By forcing Turkey to admit it, America might lose their important ally. So they have stopped trying.

https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/timestopics/topics_armeniangenocide.html?mcubz=1

https://armedia.am/eng/news/15539/how-does-turkey-try-to-save-its-face-on-the-centennial-of-armenian-genocide.html

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A man named Turkish Sultan Abdul Hamid II, he was infuriated by the fact that the Armenians would get basic civil rights because he believed in loyalty. He thought that the Armenians would side with Christian governments instead of the Ottoman Caliphate.
(History.com)

The rule of the Sultan was not when the Genocide started.

The Young Turks (the people who overthrew Sultan Hamid II) had wanted to "turkify' Turkey and considered the Christian Armenians a threat. (History.com)

The Young turks had created "Killing Squads" to carry out the murders.
(History.com)

The slaughter of millions in the Armenian Genocide was carried out by the Turks of the Ottoman Empire.
(History.com)

The victims were the Armenians living under the young turk's rule.
(History.com)
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The Armenian genocide was a massive genocide. In Turkey many people massacred Armenians. The people of Turkey started a genocide against the Armenians.

Around 1.5 million Armenians die in this genocide alone. Armenians were targeted by the Turkish government and made a plan to "cleanse" their society. They spread propaganda to their people trying to convince them to side with them. Getting rid of the neutral people in the situation so there is only us ("good"), and them ("bad").

Vocab: Genocide is a big killing spree based on race ethnicity, culture and more. (Geno means race, and cide  means killing

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Armenians were deported to concentration camps where they would starve and be tortured to death.

https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/386be776-15da-48ef-bfef-f5522d538c2a.jpg

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Introducing the Armenian Genocide (video)

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Introducing the Armenian Genocide (video)

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(https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/video/introducing-armenian-genocide)

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[MUSIC PLAYING]

During the Balkan Wars of 1912 and 1913, the multinational and a multiethnic Ottoman Empire lost vast regions of its territory. The group in power, the Young Turks, fretted about how to maintain the Empire's 1908 promises of equality for all peoples while halting any further loss of lands.

Within the Young Turks was a small group of ultranationalists that didn't support the policies of equality. They felt the only way for the Empire to maintain its strength in the face of future threats was to promote a Muslim Turkish majority. In October 1913, this small group overthrew the government in a coup d'état.

And so from 1913 onward, the Ottoman Empire is ruled by this clique of Young Turks that is led by, but not limited to, three individuals that are referred to as the triumvirate that included the Minister of War, Enver Bey, the Minister of the Interior, Talaat, and the third was the Minister of the Navy or Marine, Djemal Pasha.

And so it is this group that decides, as the war clouds do gather in Europe, that in case of a major world conflict in which Germany is involved, Germany will certainly be the victor. And so that is the country to link up with, especially if that country is going to go to war with Russia, a traditional enemy. Because extreme and extensive territories have been lost to Russia and to its surrogates, the Serbs, the Bulgarians, the Romanians, the Greeks. And so if we side with the Germans, this is this golden opportunity to win back much of these territories that we once had and had been lost.

Even before the Ottoman Empire, or Turkey, entered into World War I, the government proclaimed a general mobilization for all citizens. Prior to 1908, the Armenians are really exempted from military service because they were an untrustworthy minority. And so a part of their equality and symbols of their equality is that they would now be subject to the draft. So Armenians were now a part of the military structure. And thousands of Armenians were enlisted, and indeed were engaged in the earliest of the military conflicts against Russia in the Turkish army.

But once the Young Turk leadership decided that special action had to be taken against the Armenian element in the Ottoman Empire, they began by first segregating all the Armenian men. They were then disarmed and placed into labor battalions. In fact, they were either so maltreated and badly treated that many of them died of hunger, starvation, thirst and disease. And others of them at a particular stage, when they had done their job, were then killed outright.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

Deportations of Armenians had already begun in the month of March of 1915. But it's only after April, and in fact in May, that the plan is put into full motion. And it's real motion, because the male population is, in almost all instances, segregated very quickly. That takes away those people who could potentially resist and leaves the rest of the population entirely vulnerable and helpless. The male population is marched out of the city to an undisclosed place, but not far, where they-butcher squads are already prepared to dispatch them.

And so we have this enormously bloody bath that takes place, in which, normally, under the bodies of 200 or 300 or 400 men, one or two or three individuals are still alive and may crawl out and are those who can tell us what occurred to the men of this particular village and how they were destroyed or what happened to them.

In a way it's perhaps cruel to say, but the men were the lucky ones because they were killed.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

The brunt of the genocide fell upon the remaining civilian population, made up overwhelmingly of women and children and elderly. They were living in sensitive war zones. They were told there was a temporary relocation. They could prepare in one day or two days to move, that they would be protected en route and that eventually they would be able to come home. Obviously this created enormous panic and then begins the process of marching.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

These marches take place in a number of caravans. Caravans of 500 people, 800 people, 1,000 people from each village, which eventually merged together. And at a time, therefore, then you get 4,000 or 5,000 people who are marching southward, always southward, toward the deserts of Syria. And then that 5,000 people then melts down again to 800 people and 500 people because the others are dying en route. And so those who do survive these weekslong and monthslong marches are going to be the young-either upper teenage or young bride-age women for the most part.

And then they are subjected to, again, really humiliating circumstances along the way during the death marches. They've already seen a great deal of cruelty. It was a time when mothers would cut the hair of their daughters and smear their faces with mud so that they would not be attractive and not be taken away. But still, rape was continuous. For those women who arrived in the desert, survived only by being either married to or taken into Muslim households, into those of the Bedouins in particular in the deserts, and lived for two years, three years, five years, some of them permanently, forever, for the rest of their lives.

At the end of World War I in 1918, there were efforts to rescue these women and children. But one of the most difficult choices for these young women was what to do, because in their captivity, they had borne one child or two children to the men with whom they were living. Some of the men were even the murderers of their family. And so when the moment for rescue came, they had to face an enormously difficult choice, and if it was a choice. They had either to go back to their people without their babies, or they had to abandon their people and stay with their babies. They could not do both.

So when we talk about choiceless choices, this was what was left for those women after the war at the time of rescue.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

Because Germany was the senior ally of the Central Alliance that included the Ottoman Empire, they became first hand witnesses to what was occurring. Armin Wegner, who was a medical officer in the German army, secretly took photographs of what was occurring.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

But aside from the Armin Wegners were those officers who participated in the genocide on the Berlin to Baghdad railway. They protected their Armenian workers until the job was finished, after which they signed off on the deportation and killing of their own workers.

In most places, the Armenians were helpless. Anyone who was potentially a person that could engage in self-defense-the vast majority of these people had already been taken away.

In a few areas they did attempt to put up barricades and defend themselves. The best known of these is the story of Musa Dagh, story of six villages near the Mediterranean Sea, which rather than following the orders to be deported decided to defend themselves. And they were in a mountainous position where they could.

From July to September 1915, the Armenians held out on the mountain for 53 days with few weapons, and food and water dwindling. Survivors were rescued by French and British ships and taken to safety in Port Said, Egypt.

But most of the population simply followed orders and went to their death without resistance. And so in a way, in these moments of extreme anxiety, perhaps within us there is a desire of self-deception, a desire to believe what they're telling us, a desire to believe that we're only going to be transported for a while. We're going to be relocated, that eventually we'll be able to come back home.

And at the very worst, at the very worst, some of us will die. But the remainder will live as we always have and return. The concept of total annihilation, of genocide, was alien to the Armenian, they couldn't imagine it. Now we can imagine it. But at the time, it was unimaginable.

[MUSIC PLAYING]

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MUSIC PLAYING] During the Balkan Wars of 1912 and 1913, the multinational and a multiethnic Ottoman Empire lost vast regions of its territory. The group in power, the Young Turks, fretted about how to maintain the Empire's 1908 promises of equality for all peoples while halting any further loss of lands.

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The Armenian/Turkey Genocide, hence the name, took place throughout Turkey when the Ottoman Empire was still in control.

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Armenians: They are a separate race and ethnicity, who are mostly Christian. This caused a lot of conflict (eventually leading up to the genocide) since Turkians were Muslim and Armenians were Christian. Christianity and Islam are two very different religions and cultures, they are likely to have genocide. They are two bipolar societies mixed in Turkey which was a main cause of why the Genocide happened.

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Muslims of the Ottoman Empire allowed religious minorities to maintain some autonomy, but they subjected Armenians to unequal and unjust treatment. Armenians  Armenians were called second-class citizens, gavours, infidels, and unbelievers. And more derogatory terms.
(https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/armenian-genocide)

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During World War I the Turkish government started targeting the Armenian Christians.The Turkish government were discriminating against the Armenian Christians by:

The Christians lived as second class citizens subject to legal restrictions which denied them normal safeguards.

The Turkish government started mass killing the Armenian Christians.

They were also obligated to pay discriminatory taxes and denied participation in government.

They were also deported from their homes to the Syrian dessert left to die and this shows discrimination because they were deporting them because of their beliefs.

(https://www.armenian-genocide.org/genocide.html)
(https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/2oiNNI6nPtDvLubJNktPq64H3CTp3h50lNXP2ee6g4Q9D7tfX-RiDs56cjUSgCgxdOCiT6j8olxcYh7duHaGUB9MOBmof8RM=w1366-h665)

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The Ottoman Empire allowed religious minorities,  but they subjected Armenians to unequal and unjust treatment because of their belief in Christianity.

They do not believe the Armenians as humans, but as objects that are harmful to the Turkey. They are portrayed as evil and bad to Turkey with their propaganda convincing other ideas that Armenians are terrible.

They even sold them as slaves. As shown in the picture below a whole life for only 86 cents!

https://www.sutori.com/story/10-stages-of-genocide-shown-through-the-armenians-genocide--KqctEYMHcoFNLbPanTx4ndDZ

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There were 2 major organizations Young Turks and Armenian National Committee of America. It was centrally planned and administrated by the Turkish government against the entire Armenian population of the Turk Empire. There were 4 phases, the 1st is the Armenian massacres, 2nd is the final solution, 3rd phase is the massacres and the last and 4th phase is the total denial by the Turkey government.
(https://img.haikudeck.com/mg/7FDCB27B-F70B-4893-9950-1B776823D511.jpg)

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Polarization did occur in the Armenian Genocide, some ways that it happened are:

The Turkish Government published and sent out propaganda to influence people to think that Armenian Christians should be treated unfairly.

The Turkish government also claimed that the Armenian Christians worked with Russia their enemy which influenced people to.

Also the Turkish government forbid the Armenian Christians to marry other races.

Also they made the second class (Armenian Christians) division worse.
(https://www.haikudeck.com/armenian-genocide-education-presentation-73SMaLyL0O)
(https://www.armenian-genocide.org/genocide.html)
(https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/timestopics/topics_armeniangenocide.html?mcubz=1)
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- The killing squads would carry out the murders of the Armenians, an officer had called this "the liquidation of Christian elements"
(History.com)

- The Turkish government said the Armenians were a threat to them and that they needed to get rid of them Their slaughter was a necessary war measure.
(History.com)

The leaders, the young Turks, just wanted to get rid of the Armenians from their empire. They thought they weren't Turkish-y enough and decided that they should take action. The Young Turks thought that they weren't loyal to turkey and that they would go and help more Christian governments, since the young Turks were Muslims. Since they though this, they decided to take action and thought that they were war threats. They identified them as war threats and used that to cover up the fact that they killed so many people.

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The Armenians were Christian while the rest of the state was Muslim. Due to the fact that they were of a different religion, they were treated differently from everyone else. The Armenian Christians were treated like animals, they were threatened to march to nowhere with whips and cudgels at threatening them to keep moving. This march was also known as a "Concentration camp on foot". They didn't only have the "Concentration camps on foot", many Armenians were deported into the actual concentration camps where they would starve and torture the Armenians.

Cudgel - A short thick stick used as a weapon.

https://www.hudson.org/research/14295-armenian-genocide-reminds-us-christian-persecution-thriving

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April 24 - The Turkish soldiers had captured and killed hundreds of Armenian intellectuals

Other Armenians were sent to the Mesopotamian desert with no food or water.

When the massacre had started, there were around 2 million Armenians living in the Ottoman empire. But, by the end of the genocide, there were only 388,000 Armenians left in the ottoman empire.
(History.com)

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Turkey planned a systematic genocide against the Armenians that resulted in the death of more than 1.5 million Armenians. The genocide started on April 24th 1915. Turkey has repeatedly denied this event being a genocide no matter how many governments deem it to be. Turkey is good at retaliating, breaking up democratic ties up and tearing up trade deals while issuing hard documents and threats. These factors helped Turkey deny the mass killing of Armenians being a genocide.

(https://theconversation.com/denial-of-the-armenian-genocide-should-concern-us-all-76537)

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Turks taunted starved Armenians with bread.
rarehistoricalphotos.com

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During world war I, the Turkish government started to talk about how the Armenians would be traitors because they could win independence if the Turkish army lost to the Allies and then the Armenians would go and fight for the Allies.

As it turns out, the Armenians did organize battalions to help the Russians. And so, the Armenian genocide begins.

(History.com)

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The Armenian - Turkey genocide officially started in April 24, 1915 and ended in 1917. Remember that World War I was happening at the same time. (https://slideplayer.com/slide/10973447/39/images/6/Summary+of+Genocide+-+Timeline.jpg)