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Raw materials are taking directly from nature that we process into other materials to make products with.

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We prepare or refine raw materials to obtain natural mterials

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When we process raw materials they become processed materials (also called manufactured materials).

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- Hardness: Ths is the resitance of  material to being scratched or pierced.

- Toughness: This is the resistance of a material to being broken when we striked it. The tools we use to strike objects and the  sports are made of tough materials the opposite of though is brittle. They are easily to broke.

-  Deformability: This is the ability of a material to be deformed. THe opposite of demormability is rigidity. If a material is deformable it can be elastic or plastic (if it stays deformed when the force that demormed it it has disappear, like clay or plastiline).

- Ductility: This is the ability of a material to be stretched into a wire. Nylon and cooper are ductile materials.

- Malleability: This is the ability of a material to be pressed or rolled into a sheet.

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Woods

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Textiles

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PROPERTIES OF WOOD:

Tensile strength (resistance to stretching)

Compressive strength (resistance to being crushed)

Flexural stregth (resistance to bending)

Hardness

Toughness

Thermal and electrical conductivy

Sound conductivy

Colour

Density

Underisable properties in techical applications:

Combustion (wood burns easily)

Moisture (in humid enviroments wood absorves moisture and this causes it to dilate and bend)

Rotting and insect attack (outdoor wood is easily attacked by mould fungi that make it rot)

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Zinc is a bluish white in colour and one oh the least comon metals. Is usually used to protect other metals from rust. Is malleable, ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity and highly resistant to corrosion and rust.

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Aluminium is white, shiny, cheap and easy to recicle. Is very light, resistant to corrosion, good conductor of heat and electricity, non toxic, ductile, malleable and easy to shape.

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Cooper is a bright red-colored metal.
The properties of cooper are that is a very good conductor of heat and electricity. It is highly resitant to corrosion. It is a very ductile and malleable , and easy to solder.

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Metals

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Steel is a ferrous material made mainly from iron and some carbon.

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Construction materials

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Man-made wood enhaces the properties of natural wood and reduces its price.

Wood derivatives ar usually obtained from leftover wood (chips, sawdust, etc).

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Cardboard is made by compressing several layers of paper while it is wet to thicken it and produce a heavier texture.

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Pure iron is soft , ductile and malleable. It rusts easily and, because it has a low concentrartion of carbon, it is also very brittle.

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Plastics

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Tin is a silver colored shiny metal that is very resistant to corrosion. It's very ductile and malleable when cold and is very easy to work with. It is not toxic.

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The most widely used metal today is iron. Metals that contain mainly iron are called ferrous metals. Metals that not have iron are called non-ferrous metals.

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Cork is obtained from the bark of the cork oak.

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Plywood is formed by an odd number of thin layers called veneers that are laid on top of each other and bonded together with adhesive.

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Paper is obtained by forming a paste out of wood and plant fibres that are mashed and then pressed and dried.

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Cast iron is made form iron and carbon. It is used in the manufacture of engines, tools...

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Chipboard is obtained from wood chips that are mixed with resin and then pressed.